Persons, Situations, and Virtue Ethics
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Doris argues that situationist research empirically supports the existence of local traits of character in most of the population.
“Second, Doris argues that situationist research empirically supports the existence, in most of the population, of local traits of character.”
From Virtue Ethics and Moral Psychology: The Situationism Debate (2009) · cites this paper as Doris 1998
Doris concludes that traditional virtue ethics should be abandoned or at least conceptually supplemented with a system of empirically adequate local traits of character.
“Doris's bottom line is that traditional virtue ethics, since it endorses empirically inadequate global traits of character, should be, if not abandoned altogether, at least conceptually supplemented with a system of empirically adequate local traits of character.”
From Virtue Ethics and Moral Psychology: The Situationism Debate (2009) · cites this paper as Doris 1998
Doris argues that empirically adequate traits of character are necessary for moral agents to guide their moral reasoning, choices, and behavior appropriately.
“Third, Doris argues that empirically adequate traits of character are necessary for moral agents appropriately to guide their moral reasoning, choices, and behavior.”
From Virtue Ethics and Moral Psychology: The Situationism Debate (2009) · cites this paper as Doris 1998
Harman and Doris launch the second phase of the situationism debate, arguing that situationist findings vitiate traditional virtue ethics and suggest strategies for moral and social improvement.
“Both Harman and Doris argue that, properly applied, situationist findings vitiate traditional virtue ethics and also suggest a range of illuminating strategies for moral and social improvement.”
From Virtue Ethics and Moral Psychology: The Situationism Debate (2009) · cites this paper as Doris 1998
Doris argues that traditional virtue ethics is empirically inadequate because its virtue attributions do not accurately describe most people across situations.
“Doris begins by arguing that traditionally-conceived virtue ethics is empirically inadequate.If virtue ethics were empirically adequate, its virtue attributions, such as courageous, just, honest, and compassionate, would accurately describe most of the population.”
From Virtue Ethics and Moral Psychology: The Situationism Debate (2009) · cites this paper as Doris 1998
Cites
Principles of Biomedical Ethics
(2012) · Thieves of Virtue · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9079.003.0009 · Cited by 13,453 · see citing works
Kilzer, E., & Skinner, B. F. (1953) · The American Catholic Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3707860 · Cited by 8,934 · see citing works
Behavioral Study of obedience.
Milgram, S. (1963) · The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0040525 · Cited by 4,918 · cited 5× · see citing works
“This interpretation is also applicable to Milgram's (1974) infamous obedience experiments.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe structure of phenotypic personality traits.
Goldberg, L. R. (1993) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.48.1.26 · Cited by 4,816 · see citing works
Madison, P., & Mischel, W. (1968) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421067 · Cited by 4,395 · see citing works
Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy
Williams, B. (2006) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203969847 · Cited by 2,723 · see citing works
(1970) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,372 · see citing works
FORMING IMPRESSIONS OF PERSONALITY
Asch, S. E. (1961) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520313514-018 · Cited by 2,100 · see citing works
Williams, B. (1993) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520915282 · Cited by 2,074 · see citing works
Gilbert, D. T., & Malone, P. S. (1995) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.1.21 · Cited by 1,897 · see citing works
Jones, A. D., & Milgram, S. (1974) · RAIN · doi:10.2307/3032069 · Cited by 1,677 · see citing works
"From Jerusalem to Jericho": A study of situational and dispositional variables in helping behavior.
Darley, J. M., & Batson, C. D. (1973) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0034449 · Cited by 1,665 · see citing works
Peacocke, C. (1992) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/6537.001.0001 · Cited by 1,610 · see citing works
McDowell, J. (1979) · The Monist · doi:10.5840/monist197962319 · Cited by 1,474 · see citing works
Effect of feeling good on helping: cookies and kindness.
Isen, A., & Levin, P. F. (1972) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0032317 · Cited by 1,130 · see citing works
(2017) · University of Notre Dame Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctvpg85gr.22 · Cited by 1,127 · see citing works
Alienation, Consequentialism, and the Demands of Morality (1984)
Railton, P. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511613982.007 · Cited by 1,106 · see citing works
How motives, skills, and values determine what people do.
McClelland, D. C. (1985) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.40.7.812 · Cited by 965 · see citing works
Are Moral Requirements Hypothetical Imperatives?
McDowell, J., & McFetridge, I. G. (1978) · Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume · doi:10.1093/aristoteliansupp/52.1.13 · Cited by 926 · see citing works
Davidson, D. (1967) · Studies in cognitive systems · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2727-8_5 · Cited by 853 · see citing works
Dimensions of personality: 16, 5 or 3?—Criteria for a taxonomic paradigm
Eysenck, H. J. (1991) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(91)90144-z · Cited by 848 · see citing works
Murdoch, I. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003416586 · Cited by 825 · see citing works
Levi, P. (2003) · Edinburgh University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781474470230-006 · Cited by 751 · see citing works
Ten years of research on group size and helping.
Latané, B., & Nida, S. (1981) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.89.2.308 · Cited by 749 · see citing works
Smart, J. J. C., & Williams, B. (1973) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511840852.002 · Cited by 712 · see citing works
Studies in the Nature of Character.
Borgeson, F. C., Hartshorne, H., May, M. A., Maller, J. B., & Shuttleworth, F. K. (1930) · Journal of Educational Sociology · doi:10.2307/2960812 · Cited by 693 · see citing works
Responsibility and the Moral Sentiments.
Clarke, R., & Wallace, R. J. (1997) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.2307/2953793 · Cited by 633 · see citing works
Aggregation and beyond: Some basic issues on the prediction of behavior
Epstein, S. J. (1983) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1983.tb00338.x · Cited by 614 · see citing works
Moral Perception and Particularity
Blum, L. A. (1994) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511624605 · Cited by 597 · see citing works
II—THE EMOTIVE MEANING OF ETHICAL TERMS
Stevenson, C. L. (1937) · Mind · doi:10.1093/mind/xlvi.181.14 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Shoda, Y., Mischel, W., & Wright, J. C. (1994) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.4.674 · Cited by 513 · see citing works
The Propensity Interpretation of Probability
(1959) · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-1282-8_15 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
Railton, P. (1986) · Philosophical Topics · doi:10.5840/philtopics19861421 · Cited by 503 · see citing works
The Practice of Moral Judgment
(1985) · doi:10.2307/2026397 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
A Critical Analysis of Current Trait Theory
Pervin, L. A. (1994) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0502_1 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Ermazen, B. V., & Foot, P. (1983) · Noûs · doi:10.2307/2214835 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
Wise Choices, Apt Feelings: A Theory of Normative Judgement.
Hubin, D. C., & Gibbard, A. (1991) · The Philosophical Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2219603 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
The person-situation debate in historical and current perspective.
Epstein, S. J., & O'Brien, E. J. (1985) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.98.3.513 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Persons, Perspectives, and Full Information Accounts of the Good
Rosati, C. S. (1995) · Ethics · doi:10.1086/293702 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Wise Choices, Apt Feelings: A Theory of Normative Judgment.
Ripstein, A., & Gibbard, A. (1992) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2185966 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Behavior as a function of the situation.
Funder, D. C., & Ozer, D. J. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.107 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
ON SOME VICES OF VIRTUE ETHICS
Louden, R. B. (1997) · American Philosophical Quarterly · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Broadie, S. W. (1994) · doi:10.1093/0195085604.001.0001 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Identity, character, and morality: essays in moral psychology
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-0240 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Shweder, R. A., Casagrande, J. B., Fiske, D. W., Greenstone, J. D., Heelas, P., & Lancy, D. F. (1977) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/201974 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
A conditional approach to dispositional constructs: The local predictability of social behavior.
Wright, J. C., & Mischel, W. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.53.6.1159 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
What Is a Theory of Meaning? (I)
Dummett, M. (1996) · doi:10.1093/0198236212.003.0001 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Facing the Extreme: Moral Life in the Concentration Camps
Hoffmann, S. H., & Todorov, T. (1996) · Foreign Affairs · doi:10.2307/20047696 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Williams, A. H. (1989) · Journal of Medical Ethics · doi:10.1136/jme.15.1.51 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Altham, J. E. J. (1995) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511621086 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Eells, E., & Skyrms, B. (1988) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2185106 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
The obedience experiments: A case study of controversy in social science
Miller, A. G. (1986) · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Marraffa, M. (1994) · Iris (Roma Tre University) · Cited by 173 · see citing works
The clinical study of social behavior
Peterson, D. R. (1968) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 168 · see citing works
The psychometrics of everyday life
Kunda, Z., & Nisbett, R. E. (1986) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(86)90012-5 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Projection and truth in ethics
McDowell, J. (2006) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203759097-38 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Responsibility and the Moral Sentiments.
McKenna, M. S., & Wallace, R. J. (1996) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2185711 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Personality Assessment: A Critical Survey
Jahoda, G., & Vernon, P. E. (1965) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.2307/588367 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Stent, G. (ed.) (1978). Morality as a Biological Phenomenon
redacció, E. D. (1983) · Papers Revista de Sociologia · doi:10.5565/rev/papers/v19n0.1352 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Wallace, J. D. (1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 108 · see citing works
The consistency of certain extrovert-introvert behavior patterns in 51 problem boys.
Newcomb, T. M. (1929) · Teachers College, Columbia University eBooks · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Traits of Character: A Conceptual Analysis
Brandt, R. B. (1970) · American Philosophical Quarterly · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Audi, R. (1995) · Mind · doi:10.1093/mind/104.415.449 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Elevitch, B., & Taylor, G. (1989) · Noûs · doi:10.2307/2215983 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Agent-centered restrictions from the inside out
Darwall, S. (1986) · Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1007/bf00353835 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Nietzsche and the Morality Critics
Leiter, B. (1997) · Ethics · doi:10.1086/233720 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Personality: Evolutionary Heritage and Human Distinctiveness
Buss, A. H. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315807966 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Brandt, R. B. (1988) · Midwest Studies in Philosophy · doi:10.1111/j.1475-4975.1988.tb00113.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Mind and morals: essays on cognitive science and ethics
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-6231 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Morality Through Thick and Thin a Critical Notice of Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy
Scheffler, S. (1987) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2185227 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Social Psychology and Social Relevance.
Hughes, P. S., Peters, S. M., & Elms, A. C. (1974) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2063437 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Personality assessment;: A critical survey,
Vernon, P. E. (1969) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Aristotle, Kant, and the Stoics: Rethinking Happiness and Duty.
Brink, D. O., Engstrom, S., & Whiting, J. (1999) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2998293 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
(1998) · doi:10.1017/s0265052500003034 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Personality in Search of Individuality
(1988) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-02824-4 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Dent, N. J. H. (1975) · The Philosophical Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2218976 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Contextual Trends in Intellectual Development
Ceci, S. J. (1993) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1006/drev.1993.1019 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy: Supplementary Volume: 1988
Annas, J., & Grimm, R. (1988) · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Zimbardo, P. G. (1974) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/h0038158 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Bok, H. (1996) · Noûs · doi:10.2307/2216292 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Dispositions and Subjunctive Conditionals, or, Dormative Virtues are no Laughing Matter
Sober, E. R. (1982) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2184802 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Comments on 'Disunity in the Aristotelian Virtues,' by T.H Irwin
Kraut, R. (1988) · Oxford studies in ancient philosophy · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Alderman, H. (1997) · Edinburgh University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781474472845-011 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Popper's Contribution to the Philosophy of Probability
Gillies, D. A. (1995) · Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement · doi:10.1017/s1358246100005452 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Science, ethics, and objectivity
Jardine, N. (1995) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511621086.004 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hollis, M. (1995) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511621086.010 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Moral Perception and Particularity.
McNaughton, D., & Blum, L. A. (1996) · The Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.2307/2940905 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Austin, N., & Williams, B. (1996) · The Classical World · doi:10.2307/4351858 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Haidt, J., & Joseph, C. (2008) · The Innate Mind, Volume 3 · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195332834.003.0019 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Errors about Errors: Virtue Theory and Trait Attribution
Sreenivasan, G. (2002) · Mind · doi:10.1093/mind/111.441.47 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Doris, J. M., & The Moral Psychology Research Group (2010) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199582143.001.0001 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Self-citationCritiquing the Reasons for Making Artificial Moral Agents
van Wynsberghe, A., & Robbins, S. (2019) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-018-0030-8 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Virtue Ethics and Moral Psychology: The Situationism Debate
Upton, C. L. (2009) · The Journal of Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10892-009-9054-2 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The situationist critique of virtue ethics
Sreenivasan, G. (2013) · The Cambridge Companion to Virtue Ethics · doi:10.1017/cco9780511734786.014 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Doris, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Santa Cruz (US)
- Corresponding author
- Doris, John M.
- ORCID
- Doris, John M.
- Venue
- Noûs
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-12
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 504-530
- ISSN
- 0029-4624 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-0068
- OpenAlex
- W2169097523
- Cited by
- 731
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 88 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 10.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Noûs (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Philosophical Ethics and Theory
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Ethics in Business and Education
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Ethics, Aesthetics, and Art
- Keywords
- virtue ethics, people, situation, ethics, personhood
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review