A multi‐site randomised controlled trial of evidence‐based supported employment for adults with severe and persistent mental illness
Abstract
Background/aim: The Individual Placement and Support (IPS) approach is an evidence‐based form of supported employment for people with severe and persistent mental illness. This approach is not yet widely available in A ustralia even though there is mounting evidence of its generalisability outside the USA. One previous Australian randomised controlled trial found that IPS is effective for young people with first episode psychosis. The aim of the current trial was to assess the effectiveness of evidence‐based supported employment when implemented for Australian adult consumers of public mental health services by utilising existing service systems. Methods: A four‐site randomised control trial design (n = 208) was conducted in Brisbane (two sites),T ownsville and C airns. The intervention consisted of an IPS supported employment service hosted by a community mental health team. The control condition was delivered at each site by mental health teams referring consumers to other disability employment services in the local area. Results: At 12 months, those in the IPS condition had 2.4 times greater odds of commencing employment than those in the control condition (42.5% vs. 23.5%). The conditions did not differ on secondary employment outcomes including job duration, hours worked, or job diversity. Attrition was higher than expected in both conditions with 28.4% completing the baseline interview but taking no further part in the study. Conclusion: The results support previous international findings that IPS‐supported employment is more effective than non‐integrated supported employment.IPS can be successfully implemented this way in Australia, but with a loss of effect strength compared to previous USA trials.
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The Individual Placement and Support program yielded significant improvements in employment outcomes.
“Specifically, the Individual Placement and Support program, where participants had regular contact with a dedicated vocational worker, yielded significant improvements in employment outcomes (Waghorn et al. 2014;Williams et al. 2015;Scanlan et al. 2019).”
From Effect of community mental health care programs in Australia: A systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as Waghorn et al. 2014
Case management approaches can permit referrals to therapeutic support via psychologists, but this level of care is not a formalised component of case management and therefore not always facilitated.
“Although case management approaches can permit referrals to therapeutic support via psychologists, this level of care is not a formalised component of case management and therefore not always facilitated (Waghorn et al. 2014;Williams et al. 2015).”
From Effect of community mental health care programs in Australia: A systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as Waghorn et al. 2014
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- Authors
- Waghorn, G., Dias, S., Gladman, B., Harris, M., & Saha, S.
- Affiliations
- Griffith University (AU)
- Park Centre for Mental Health (AU)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Waghorn, Geoffrey
- Venue
- Australian Occupational Therapy Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-10-04
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 424-436
- ISSN
- 0045-0766 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1630
- OpenAlex
- W2153599919
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 16.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Queensland Health via Counclil of Australian Governments
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Education and Employment
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Employment and Welfare Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- Individual Placement and Support, supported employment, severe and persistent mental illness, community mental health services, employment effects, disability employment services, attrition, Australia
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Patient Dropouts, Queensland, Employment, Supported, Persons with Psychiatric Disorders, Evidence-Based Practice, Young Adult
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