The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Personality Development and Growth in Women Across 30 Years: Three Perspectives
Open accessAbstract
This article addressesthree questions about personality development in a 30‐year longitudinal study of women (N = 78): (1) To what extent did the women maintain the same position inrelation to each other on personality characteristics over the 30 years, and what broad factorswere related to the amount of change in their rank order? (2) Did the sample as a whole increaseor decrease over time on indices of personality growth, and did they change in ways distinctive towomen? (3) Were experiential factors associated with individual differences in the amount ofchange? Results showed that personality was quite consistent while also showing that timeinterval was positively related to rank‐order change and age was negatively related to rank‐orderchange. Over the period from age 21 to age 52, the women increased on measures ofnorm‐orientation and complexity and showed changes on measures of Dominance andFemininity/Masculinity consistent with the hypothesis that changing sex roles would lead toincreases in Dominance and increases, then decreases, in Femininity/Masculinity. A third set ofresults showed that changes in Dominance and Femininity/Masculinity were associated with lifecircumstances such as marital tension, divorce, and participation in the paid labor force. Theimplications of the findings for personality development and growth are discussed.
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“Others show that marital and family experiences shape personality (Helson and Picano [1990], Roberts, Helson and Klohnen [2002]).”
From Personality Psychology and Economics (2011) · cites this paper as Roberts, Helson and Klohnen [2002]
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Roberts, B. W., Walton, K. E., & Viechtbauer, W. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.1 · Cited by 3,318
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Metadata
- Authors
- Roberts, B. W., Helson, R., & Klohnen, E. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- University of Iowa (US)
- ORCID
- Roberts, Brent W.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-02
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 79-102
- ISSN
- 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-6494
- OpenAlex
- W2044247072
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 8.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 43948, R01MH043948)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Ego Development and Educational Practices
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- personality development, women, longitudinal change, rank-order stability, personality consistency, complexity, dominance, gender roles, marital tension, divorce, living conditions
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aging, Analysis of Variance, California, Employment, Family Characteristics, Female, Gender Identity, Humans, Life Change Events, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Personality Development, Women, Multivariate Analysis
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