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Comorbidity
Abstract
We review recent research on the prevalence, causes, and effects of diagnostic comorbidity among the most common groups of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders; anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, oppositional defiant and conduct disorders, and substance abuse. A meta‐analysis of representative general population studies provides estimates of the strength of associations between pairs of disorders with narrower confidence intervals than have previously been available. Current evidence convincingly eliminates methodological factors as a major cause of comorbidity. We review the implications of comorbidity for understanding the development of psychopathology and for nosology.
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“concurrent diagnoses in young people are pervasive and may well be “the norm” (Angold et al., 1999)”
From An Emotion Regulation and Impulse Control (ERIC) Intervention for Vulnerable Young People: A Multi-Sectoral Pilot Study (2021) · cites this paper as Angold et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“While this is expected for children with ADHD given the high rates of comorbidity with ODD (Angold et al., 1999), it may have introduced additional confounds that were not taken into account in this study.”
From Investigating functional brain network integrity using a traditional and novel categorical scheme for neurodevelopmental disorders (2019) · cites this paper as Angold et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“Pediatric ADHD commonly co-occurs with multiple psychiatric disorders including mood, anxiety and disruptive behavioral disorders [9,10].”
From Advances in understanding and treating ADHD (2011) · cites this paper as [9]
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Merikangas, K. R., He, J.-P., Burstein, M., Swanson, S. A., Avenevoli, S., Cui, L., Benjet, C., Georgiades, K., & Swendsen, J. (2010) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.017 · Cited by 6,278
Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Barkley, R., Biederman, J., Conners, C. K., Demler, O., Faraone, S. V., Greenhill, L. L., Howes, M. J., Secnik, K., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.4.716 · Cited by 3,886
Thapar, A., Collishaw, S., Pine, D. S., & Thapar, A. K. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60871-4 · Cited by 2,365
Goodman, R., Ford, T., Simmons, H., Gatward, R., & Meltzer, H. (2000) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.177.6.534 · Cited by 1,818
Masten, A. S., & Cicchetti, D. (2010) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579410000222 · Cited by 1,800
Metadata
- Authors
- Angold, A., Costello, E. J., & Erkanli, A.
- Affiliations
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Costello, E. Jane
- Venue
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1999-01
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 57-87
- ISSN
- 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7610
- OpenAlex
- W4213024146
- Cited by
- 1,872
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 98 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 71 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 98 · 2015: 97 · 2014: 111 · 2013: 105 · 2012: 116
- FWCI
- 29.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- child and adolescent psychiatric disorders, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, substance abuse, prevalence, disease classification, psychopathology development
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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