Vagal rebound during resolution of tearful crying among depressed and nondepressed individuals
Open accessAbstract
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is an index of the vagal control of heart rate that is associated with emotion regulatory capacity. To examine RSA in depressed and nondepressed participants in the context of an emotion–regulatory challenge, we presented a sad film to induce crying, a behavior associated with heightened parasympathetic activation. We predicted that nondepressed persons who cried would show elevations in RSA during the onset and the resolution of crying. By contrast, we predicted that depressed individuals who cried would fail to exhibit increased RSA over the course of their crying episodes. As hypothesized, nondepressed participants exhibited RSA increases that accompanied the resolution of tearful crying, consistent with a homeostatic function for crying, whereas depressed subjects who cried did not exhibit increased RSA. Results suggest that the physiological self–regulatory mechanisms invoked by crying are compromised in depression.
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Mental training may prove particularly fruitful for people who exhibit altered or reduced vagal flexibility, as found in children at risk of psychopathology and people suffering from depression or social phobia.
“Mental training may prove particularly fruitful for people who exhibit altered or reduced vagal flexibility, as found in children at risk of psychopathology83 and people suffering from depression84 or social phobia85.”
From Voluntary upregulation of heart rate variability through biofeedback is improved by mental contemplative training (2019) · cites this paper as [84]
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- Authors
- Rottenberg, J., Wilhelm, F. H., Gross, J. J., & Gotlib, I. H.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Venue
- Psychophysiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-01
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-6
- ISSN
- 0048-5772 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8986
- OpenAlex
- W2099673742
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 6.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Psychophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- edoc (University of Basel) (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
- edoc (University of Basel)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH59259, MH 58147, MH 56094, R01MH056094, R01MH059259)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- respiratory sinus arrhythmia, depression, emotion regulation, parasympathetic activation, heart rate variability, physiological self-regulation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Arrhythmia, Sinus, Crying, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Vagus Nerve
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