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Cited by 18Family Caregiving in Mental IllnessIntimate Partner and Family ViolencePsychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending

Prevalence of violence by people living with severe mental illness against their relatives and its associated impacts: a systematic review.

Open access
Wildman, Emilie K., MacManus, Deirdre, Harvey, Joel, Kuipers, Elizabeth, Onwumere, Juliana·2023·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
DOI 10.1111/acps.13516PMC PMC10107449
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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Violence perpetration by adults with severe mental illness (SMI) specifically towards their relatives is a sensitive topic and a largely neglected area that has consequences and implications for different stakeholders, including healthcare providers. This paper sought to systematically review the relevant literature, to identify the types and rates of violence by people with SMI against their relatives, and to develop a detailed understanding of its reported impacts. METHODS: A systematic review, registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42019150784), was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The review comprised searches of Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and CINAHL databases, supplemented by manual searches. Data from 38 papers using mixed methodologies were reviewed. RESULTS: Key findings highlighted that relatives experienced different types of violence, including physical, verbal, psychological, financial violence, and violence directed towards property. Different types often co-occurred. Mothers were the group most likely to report being victims, compared with other relatives. Reported impacts of violence on relatives included mental ill health (e.g., psychological distress, post-traumatic stress symptoms) and the deterioration, and in some cases the permanent breakdown, of family relationships and the family unit. However, relatives often continued to provide a framework of support for patients, despite risks to their own safety. CONCLUSION: Findings speak to the importance of future research extending the focus beyond the identified victimised relative or perpetrator, to also consider the impacts of violence at the family-wide level, and to improve the outcomes of families exposed to and dealing with violence by individuals living with SMI.

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  • Abusive relationships are anchored in power and control, often generating persistent feelings of fear, insecurity, hypervigilance, and emotional exhaustion.

    “Abusive relationships, however, are anchored in power and control, often generating persistent feelings of fear, insecurity, hypervigilance, and emotional exhaustion.”

    From From use to abuse: psychological, neurobiological, and spiritual pathways in relational harm and recovery (2026) · cites this paper as Wildman et al., 2023

    The Results (Qualitative synthesis; page unavailable) report fear, hypervigilance and exhaustion among relatives experiencing violence from people with severe mental illness. The review also reports insecurity in its Results on impacts. It does not establish that abusive relationships generally are anchored in power and control; its findings concern a narrower setting. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [19]de Girolamo G, Bianconi G, Boero ME, et al. Studying patients with severe mental disorders who act violently: Italian and European Projects. In: Violence and Mental Disorders. Springer, Cham; 2020: 155‐ 179.
  2. [76]Rosenberg M. Society and the Adolescent Self‐Image. Princeton University Press; 1965.
  3. [79]Bengtson VL, Schrader SS. Parent‐child relations. In Handbook of Research Instruments in Social Gerontology, Vol 2. (Mangen D, Peterson W, eds.). University of Minnesota Press; 1982.

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Authors
Wildman, E. K., MacManus, D., Harvey, J., Kuipers, E., & Onwumere, J.
Affiliations
  • King's College London (GB)
  • Royal Holloway University of London (GB)
Corresponding author
Wildman, Emilie K.
ORCID
Venue
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2023-01-08
Volume
147
Issue
2
Pages
155-174
ISSN
  • 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
  • 1600-0447
DOI
10.1111/acps.13516
PMC
PMC10107449
OpenAlex
W4307846152
Cited by
18
References
100
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1
FWCI
0.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
National Institute for Health and Care Research (PDF-2015-08-113)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
  • Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Keywords
severe mental illness, domestic violence, violence perpetration, physical violence, economic violence, psychological violence, property violence, family relationships, posttraumatic stress symptoms, psychological distress, family support, prevalence
MeSH terms
Adult, Mental Disorders, Humans, Mental Health, Violence, Prevalence

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