Appraising the Evidence: Reviewing Disparate Data Systematically
Abstract
The authors describe a method of systematically reviewing research from different paradigms. They draw on the methods adapted, developed, and designed during a study concerned with the delivery of care across professional boundaries. Informed by the established method of systematic review, the authors undertook the review in distinct stages. They describe the methods developed for each stage and outline the difficulties encountered, the solutions devised, and the appraisal tools developed. Although many of the problems encountered were related to the critical assessment of qualitative research, the authors argue that the method of systematic review can be adapted for use with different data and across disciplines.
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A critical appraisal tool was used to score the articles on a four-graded scale (good, fair, poor, very poor).
“A critical appraisal tool was used to score the articles on a four-graded scale (i.e., good, fair, poor, and very poor) [33].”
From Ethics education to support ethical competence learning in healthcare: an integrative systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [33]
The quality of included studies was evaluated by two independent reviewers using the risk of bias tool proposed by Hawker et al. in 2002.
“The quality of included studies was evaluated by two independent reviewers using the risk of bias tool proposed by Hawker et al. in 2002 (see Table 1) [41].”
From Psychotherapeutic interventions in individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s dementia: a systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [41]
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Hong, Q. N., & Pluye, P. (2019) · Journal of Mixed Methods Research · doi:10.1177/1558689818770058 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Flemming, K., Graham, H. M., Heirs, M. K., Fox, D., & Sowden, A. J. (2012) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.12066 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Post‐traumatic stress disorder in nurses: An integrative review
Schuster, M., & Dwyer, P. A. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.15288 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Health Recommender Systems: Systematic Review
Croon, R. D., Houdt, L. V., Htun, N. N., Štiglic, G., Abeele, V. V., & Verbert, K. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/18035 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
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Vaismoradi, M., Jordan, S. E., & Kangasniemi, M. K. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.12664 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Telehealth in palliative care in the UK: a review of the evidence
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- Authors
- Hawker, S., Payne, S., Kerr, C., Hardey, M., & Powell, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Southampton (GB)
- Palliative Care, Trent Palliative Care Centre, Sheffield, U.K.
- ORCID
- Payne, Sheila
- Venue
- Qualitative Health Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1284-1299
- ISSN
- 1049-7323 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-7557
- OpenAlex
- W2146030020
- Cited by
- 1,216
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 66 · 2025: 101 · 2024: 106 · 2023: 110 · 2022: 110 · 2021: 137 · 2020: 110 · 2019: 79 · 2018: 61 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 10.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Qualitative Health Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Delphi Technique in Research
- Keywords
- systematic reviews, mixed methods, research paradigms, evidence appraisal, assessment instruments
- MeSH terms
- United Kingdom, Health Services Research, Humans, Research, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Evidence-Based Medicine
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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