Altered cingulate and insular cortex activation during risk-taking in methamphetamine dependence: losses lose impact
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AIMS: To determine if methamphetamine-dependent (MD) individuals exhibit behavioral or neural processing differences in risk-taking relative to healthy comparison participants (CTL). DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study comparing two groups' behavior on a risk-taking task and neural processing as assessed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). SETTINGS: The study was conducted in an in-patient treatment center and a research fMRI facility in the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-eight recently abstinent MD individuals recruited from a treatment program and 40 CTL recruited from the community completed the study. MEASUREMENTS: The study assessed risk-taking behavior (overall and post-loss) using the Risky Gains Task (RGT), sensation-seeking, impulsivity and blood-oxygenation-level-dependent activation in the brain during the decision phase of the RGT. FINDINGS: Relative to CTL, MD displayed decreased activation in the bilateral rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and greater activation in the left insula across risky and safe decisions (P < 0.05). Right mid-insula activation among CTL did not vary between risky and safe decisions, but among MD it was higher during risky relative to safe decisions (P < 0.05). Among MD, lower activation in the right rostral ACC (r = -0.39, P < 0.01) and higher activation in the right mid-insula (r = 0.35, P < 0.01) during risky decisions were linked to a higher likelihood of choosing a risky option following a loss. CONCLUSIONS: Methamphetamine-dependent individuals show disrupted risk-related processing in both anterior cingulate and insula, brain areas that have been implicated in cognitive control and interoceptive processing. Attenuated neural processing of risky options may lead to risk-taking despite experiencing negative consequences.
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Insula and anterior cingulate activation are atypical in individuals with addiction disorders during decision-making and risk-taking.
“Similarly, insula and anterior cingulate activation have been found to be atypical in individuals with addiction disorders during decision-making and risk-taking (Gowin et al., 2014; Hoffman et al., 2008; London et al., 2005; Nestor et al., 2011; Paulus, Hozack, et al., 2003).”
From Atypical interoception as a common risk factor for psychopathology: A review (2021) · cites this paper as Gowin et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Gowin, J. L., Stewart, J. L., May, A. C., Ball, T. M., Wittmann, M., Tapert, S. F., & Paulus, M. P.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gowin, Joshua L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Addiction
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-10-24
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 237-247
- ISSN
- 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0443
- PMC
- PMC3947108
- OpenAlex
- W1805061553
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 4.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Addiction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA016663, P20 DA027834, R01DA018307, P20DA027843, R21DA013186, R01DA027797)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- methamphetamine dependence, risk-taking, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, insula, brain activation, sensation seeking, impulsivity, cognitive control, interoception, loss aversion, decision-making
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Analysis of Variance, Cerebral Cortex, Compulsive Behavior, Decision Making, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Methamphetamine, Personality, Psychological Tests, Risk-Taking, Amphetamine-Related Disorders
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