CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 32Prenatal Substance Exposure EffectsSmoking Behavior and CessationSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy predicts drug use via externalizing behavior in two community‐based samples of adolescents

Open access
Lotfipour, Shahrdad, Ferguson, Eamonn, Leonard, Gabriel, Miettunen, Jouko, Perron, Michel, Pike, G. Bruce, Richer, Louis, Séguin, Jean R. +8 more·2014·Addiction
DOI 10.1111/add.12665
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Background and Aims: Prenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking (PEMCS) is associated with a higher probability of substance use in adolescence. We explore if externalizing behavior mediates this relationship, while controlling for a number of potential covariates of this mediation process. Methods: We used data obtained in two geographically distinct community samples of adolescents. The first (cross‐sectional) sample consisted of 996 adolescents (12–18 years of age) recruited from the S aguenay Y outh S tudy (SYS) in C anada (47% with PEMCS). The second (longitudinal) sample consisted of 1141 adolescents (49% with PEMCS) from the N orthern F inland B irth C ohort (NFBC 1986). In both samples, externalizing behavior and substance use were assessed during adolescence. In the NFBC 1986 cohort, externalizing behavior was also assessed in childhood. Results: In both populations, PEMCS is associated with a higher likelihood of adolescent drug experimentation. In the NFBC 1986 cohort, exposed (versus non‐exposed) adolescents experiment with an extra 1.27 [B = 0.24, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.15, 0.33 P < 0.001] drugs. In the SYS cohort, a clear protective effect of not being exposed is shown: non‐exposed (versus exposed) adolescents are 1.5 times [B = −0.42, 95% CI = −0.75, −0.09, P = 0.013] less likely to take drugs. These associations between PEMCS and drug experimentation remain in the multivariate and mediational analyses. Conclusions: Prenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking appears to be associated with a higher probability of experimenting with drugs during adolescence, both directly and indirectly via externalizing behavior and the number of peers reported as using drugs.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/add.12665

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Prenatal nicotine exposure, reported as smoking more than one cigarette per day during the second trimester of pregnancy, is associated with orbitofrontal cortex thinning correlating to enhanced likelihood of drug experimentation during adolescence.

    “Prenatal nicotine exposure, reported as smoking more than one cigarette per day during the second trimester of pregnancy, is associated with orbitofrontal cortex thinning correlating to enhanced likelihood of drug experimentation during adolescence [19,20].”

    From Nicotine on the developing brain. (2023) · cites this paper as [20]

    Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [2]2. Tremblay R. E., Boivin M., Peters R. De V., editors. Encyclo- pedia on Early Childhood Development. Montreal, Quebec: Center of Excellence for Early Childhood Development; 2011, pp. 1-8.
  2. [37]37. Hilbe J. M. Negative Binomial Regression. New York: Cam- bridge University Press; 2011.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Lotfipour, S., Ferguson, E., Leonard, G., Miettunen, J., Perron, M., Pike, G. B., Richer, L., Séguin, J. R., Veillette, S., Jarvelin, M., Moilanen, I., Mäki, P., Nordström, T., Pausova, Z., Veijola, J., & Paus, T.
Affiliations
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
  • University of Nottingham (GB)
  • Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (CA)
  • Oulu University Hospital (FI)
  • Cégep de Jonquière (CA)
  • University of Calgary (CA)
  • Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (CA)
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine (CA)
  • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Imperial College London UK
  • University of Oulu (FI)
  • Department of Medicine University of Montreal Montreal QC Canada
  • University of Toronto (CA)
Corresponding author
Paus, Tomáš
ORCID
Venue
Addiction
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2014-07-21
Volume
109
Issue
10
Pages
1718-1729
ISSN
  • 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
  • 1360-0443
DOI
10.1111/add.12665
OpenAlex
W1593446072
Cited by
32
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3
FWCI
3.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Addiction (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion)
  • STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
  • WOS
Funders
Canadian Institutes for Health Research (MOP 86678)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
prenatal tobacco exposure, smoking during pregnancy, adolescent drug use, substance use initiation, externalizing problems, mediation, peer substance use, Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Canada, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Finland, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Risk Factors, Smoking, Substance-Related Disorders

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review