Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet
Abstract
This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage. TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis). Each TMR was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at 23°C in an air-conditioned room and sampled 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 210 days after preparation. In both grain sources, the fermentation products increased, while DM and starch storage losses increased and starch content greatly decreased during storage. The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage. These changes of dietary characteristics were large during 30 days of storage, but small after 90 days of storage. Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR. These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
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Starch loss during fermentation has been reported in total mixed ration silages and ranged between 17% and 23%.
“However, starch loss during fermentation has been reported in total mixed ration (TMR) silages and ranged between 17% and 23% [34,44].”
From The Effects of Short-Time Delayed Sealing on Fermentation, Aerobic Stability and Chemical Composition on Maize Silages (2023) · cites this paper as [44]
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de Melo, N. N., Carvalho-Estrada, P. D. A., Tavares, Q. G., Pereira, L. D. M., Delai Vigne, G. L., Camargo Rezende, D. M. L., & Schmidt, P. (2023) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy13010223 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
- Authors
- Miyaji, M., Matsuyama, H., & Nonaka, K.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (JP)
- Yamagata University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Miyaji, Makoto
- Venue
- Animal Science Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-04-25
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 134-139
- ISSN
- 1344-3941 (ISSN-L)
- 1740-0929
- OpenAlex
- W2344945026
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 2.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Animal Science Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization
- Keywords
- total mixed ration, silage fermentation, steam-flaked corn, brown rice, dairy cattle feed, in situ ruminal degradability, nutrient loss, starch degradation, rye silage, alfalfa silage, feed composition
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cattle, Zea mays, Diet, Dietary Proteins, Digestion, Fermentation, Food, Male, Oryza, Rumen, Silage, Starch, Time Factors, Food Storage
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