Culturally Competent Strategies for Recruitment and Retention of African American Populations into Clinical Trials

Otado, Jane; Kwagyan, John; Edwards, Diana; Ukaegbu, Alice; Rockcliffe, Faun; Osafo, Nana

doi:10.1111/cts.12285

Cited by 232Ethics in Clinical ResearchCultural Competency in Health CareRace, Genetics, and Society

Culturally Competent Strategies for Recruitment and Retention of African American Populations into Clinical Trials

Open access

Otado, Jane, Kwagyan, John, Edwards, Diana, Ukaegbu, Alice, Rockcliffe, Faun, Osafo, Nana·2015·Clinical and Translational Science

DOI 10.1111/cts.12285PMC PMC4626379

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Purpose: To identify successful recruitment strategies, challenges and best practices for researchers to engage African American communities in clinical studies taken into consideration target participants’ culture and context. Methods: We reviewed 50 studies conducted from 2001 to 2012 at an inner‐city research center to determine the type, duration, anticipated enrollments and actual enrollments. Survey was sent to study coordinators to obtain data on recruitment and retention strategies, challenges and dropout rates. We also interviewed 25 study coordinators on challenges and strategies. Results: Of the 50 studies, 24 had completed recruitment at the time of this report. The completed studies achieved a median recruitment rate of 88% (range: 50–110). Successful recruitment and retention strategies included: field‐based strategy and snowballing. Major barriers were: distrust, compensation, education disadvantage, lack of interest, and inability to have study partner. Strategies to reduce barriers included providing informational sessions, disseminating newsletters about study outcomes. Best practices include being culturally sensitive including demonstrating a caring attitude and being responsive to participants needs. Conclusions: Cultural competence is critical in order to design and implement successful recruitment strategies in this population. Research teams should consist of multiethnic staff, involve the community, demonstrate trust and deliver concise education of the research endeavor.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/cts.12285

Cites

24 of 24 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Recruitment failure can negatively affect the motivation and engagement of stakeholders closely involved with the study, participants, and investigators.
“Additionally, recruitment failure can negatively affect the motivation and engagement of stakeholders who are closely involved with the study, participants and investigators [8].”
From Recruitment of low-income pregnant women into a dietary and dental care intervention: lessons from a feasibility trial (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
The Results section on barriers to recruitment describes participants’ distrust, low compensation, and lack of interest; the Discussion describes strategies associated with successful recruitment. Neither addresses whether recruitment failure reduces the motivation or engagement of stakeholders, participants, or investigators. Searches for those consequences found no supporting passage in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Barriers to recruiting underrepresented populations to cancer clinical trials: a systematic review
Ford, J. G., Howerton, M. W., Lai, G. Y., Gary, T. L., Bolen, S., Gibbons, M. C., Tilburt, J., Baffi, C., Tanpitukpongse, T. P., Wilson, R. F., et al. (2008) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.23157 · Cited by 1,083 · see citing works
Distrust, Race, and Research
Corbie-Smith, G. M., Thomas, S. B., & George, D. M. M. S. (2002) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.162.21.2458 · Cited by 1,067 · see citing works
Attitudes and beliefs of african americans toward participation in medical research
Corbie-Smith, G. M., Thomas, S. B., Williams, M. V., & Moody‐Ayers, S. Y. (1999) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.07048.x · Cited by 1,014 · see citing works
African Americans and their distrust of the health care system: healthcare for diverse populations.
Kennedy, B. R., Mathis, C. C., & Woods, A. K. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Why are African Americans under‐represented in medical research studies? Impediments to participation
Shavers, V. L., Lynch, C. F., Burmeister, L. F., & Torner, J. C. (1997) · Ethnicity and Health · doi:10.1080/13557858.1997.9961813 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
A National Cancer Clinical Trials System for the 21st Century: Reinvigorating the NCI Cooperative Group Program
Scoggins, J. F., & Ramsey, S. D. (2010) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djq291 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Recruitment and Retention Strategies for Minority or Poor Clinical Research Participants: Lessons From the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span Study
Ejiogu, N., Norbeck, J., Mason, M. A., Cromwell, B. C., Zonderman, A. B., & Evans, M. K. (2011) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnr027 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Why African Americans may not be participating in clinical trials.
Harris, Y., Gorelick, P. B., Samuels, P., & Bempong, I. (1996) · PubMed Central · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Race, Medical Researcher Distrust, Perceived Harm, and Willingness to Participate in Cardiovascular Prevention Trials
Braunstein, J. B., Sherber, N., Schulman, S. P., Ding, E. L., & Powe, N. R. (2008) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0b013e3181625d78 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
The recruitment triangle: reasons why African Americans enroll, refuse to enroll, or voluntarily withdraw from a clinical trial. An interim report from the African-American Antiplatelet Stroke Prevention Study (AAASPS).
Gorelick, P. B., Harris, Y., Burnett, B., & Bonecutter, F. J. (1998) · PubMed Central · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Dialogues on Diversifying Clinical Trials: Successful Strategies for Engaging Women and Minorities in Clinical Trials
Coakley, M., Fadiran, E. O., Parrish, L. J., Griffith, R. A., Weiss, E., & Carter, C. (2012) · Journal of Women's Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2012.3733 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Why patients don’t take part in cancer clinical trials: an overview of the literature
Cox, K., & McGarry, J. (2003) · European Journal of Cancer Care · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2354.2003.00396.x · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Minority recruitment into clinical trials: Experimental findings and practical implications
Brown, S. D., Lee, K., Jake‐Schoffman, D. E., King, A. C., Crawley, L. M., & Kiernan, M. (2012) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2012.03.003 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Reasons given by patients for participating, or not, in Phase 1 cancer trials
Catt, S., Langridge, C., Fallowfield, L. J., Talbot, D. C., & Jenkins, V. A. (2011) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2011.02.020 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Understanding the challenges in recruiting blacks to a longitudinal cohort study: the Adventist health study.
Herring, P., Montgomery, S., Yancey, A. K., Williams, D. R., & Fraser, G. E. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 71 · see citing works
African-American participation in clinical trials: situating trust and trustworthiness.
Crawley, L. M. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Perceptions of Participation in a Phase I, II, or III Clinical Trial Among African American Patients With Cancer: What Do Refusers Say?
Brown, R., Cadet, D. L., Houlihan, R. H., Thomson, M. D., Pratt, E. C., Sullivan, A. M., & Siminoff, L. A. (2013) · Journal of Oncology Practice · doi:10.1200/jop.2013.001039 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Strategies for successful conduct of research with low-income African American populations
Adderley-Kelly, B., & Green, P. M. (2005) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2005.03.004 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Racial disparities in participation in biomedical research.
Kressin, N. R., Meterko, M. M., & Wilson, N. J. (2000) · PubMed Central · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Clinicians’ attitudes towards clinical trials of cancer therapy
Ford, E. M., Jenkins, V. A., Fallowfield, L. J., Stuart, N. S. A., Farewell, D. M., & Farewell, V. T. (2011) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.2011.119 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Promoting Factors and Barriers to Participation in Early Phase Clinical Trials: Patients Perspectives
Chalela, P. (2014) · Journal of Community Medicine & Health Education · doi:10.4172/2161-0711.1000281 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Culture Competence in Research: Research Design and Subject Recruitment
Calamaro, C. (2008) · Journal of Pediatric Health Care · doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2008.05.007 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Pharmacological and Cultural Considerations in Alcohol Treatment Clinical Trials: Issues in Clinical Research Related to Race and Ethnicity
Taylor, R. E. (2003) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000080341.10023.2f · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Culturally Sensitive Community Engaged Research With African American Young Women: Lessons Learned
Secor-Turner, M. A., Sieving, R. E., Garwick, A. W., Spratt, R., & Duke, N. N. (2010) · Journal of Community Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/07370016.2010.494456 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

[16]Bonham VL National Medical Association National Human Genome Institute Ethical, legal, and social implications: A community view Paper presented at: Symposium on Genomic Medicine Bethesda, MD June 2002
[26]The National Academy of Sciences Informed consent and health literacy: A workshop http://www.iom.edu/Activities/PublicHealth/HealthLiteracy/2014-JUL-28/Panel%201/1Welcome.aspx
[27]Institute of Medicine Roundtable on health literacy: Health literacy past, present and future: A workshop 6 11 2014 Washington, DC

Sorted by citations

The Handbook of Behavior Change
Hagger, M. S., Cameron, L. D., Hamilton, K., Hankonen, N. E., & Lintunen, T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Lack of diversity in genomic databases is a barrier to translating precision medicine research into practice
Landry, L. G., Ali, N., Williams, D. R., Rehm, H. L., & Bonham, V. L. (2018) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1595 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using the Theory of Planned Behavior
Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.002 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Developing a roadmap to improve trial delivery for under-served groups: results from a UK multi-stakeholder process
Witham, M. D., Anderson, E., Carroll, C., Dark, P. M., Down, K., Hall, A. S., Knee, J., Maier, R. H., Mountain, G. A., Nestor, G., et al. (2020) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-020-04613-7 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Racial/ethnic representation in lifestyle weight loss intervention studies in the United States: A systematic review
Haughton, C. F., Silfee, V., Wang, M. L., Lopez‐Cepero, A. A., Estabrook, D. P., Frisard, C., Rosal, M. C., Pagoto, S., & Lemon, S. C. (2018) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.01.012 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Mental health ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic for Black Americans: Clinical and research recommendations.
Novacek, D. M., Hampton-Anderson, J. N., Ebor, M. T., Loeb, T. B., & Wyatt, G. E. (2020) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000796 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Understanding Multilevel Factors Related to Urban Community Trust in Healthcare and Research
Hooper, M. W., Mitchell, C. K., Marshall, V. J., Cheatham, C. W., Austin, K., Sanders, K. D., Krishnamurthi, S., & Grafton, L. L. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16183280 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Increasing Participation of Women in Cardiovascular Trials
Cho, L., Vest, A. R., O’Donoghue, M. L., Ogunniyi, M. O., Sarma, A. A., Denby, K. J., Lau, E. S., Poole, J. E., Lindley, K. J., & Mehran, R. (2021) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.06.022 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using the Health Action Process Approach
Schwarzer, R., & Hamilton, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.007 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Technology-based interventions for weight management: current randomized controlled trial evidence and future directions
Kozak, A. T., Buscemi, J., Hawkins, M. A. W., Wang, M. L., Breland, J. Y., Ross, K. M., & Kommu, A. (2016) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-016-9805-z · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Social Cognitive Theory
Łuszczyńska, A., & Schwarzer, R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.003 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Demographic reporting and phenotypic exclusion in fNIRS
Kwasa, J. A. C., Peterson, H. M., Jones, L., Karrobi, K., Parker, T., Nickerson, N., & Wood, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1086208 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Structural Racism in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moving Forward
Sabatello, M., Scroggins, M. J., Goto, G., Santiago, A., McCormick, A. K. H. G., Morris, K. J., Daulton, C. R., Easter, C. L., & Darien, G. (2020) · The American Journal of Bioethics · doi:10.1080/15265161.2020.1851808 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Habit Interventions
Gardner, B., Rebar, A. L., & Lally, P. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.041 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
APOEε4 impacts up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor after a six-month stretch and aerobic exercise intervention in mild cognitively impaired elderly African Americans: A pilot study
Allard, J. S., Ntekim, O. E., Johnson, S. P., Ngwa, J. S., Bond, V., Pinder, D., Gillum, R. F., Fungwe, T. V., Kwagyan, J., & Obisesan, T. O. (2016) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2016.11.001 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citation
Black–White Differences in Willingness to Participate and Perceptions About Health Research: Results from the Population-Based HealthStreet Study
Webb, F. J., Khubchandani, J., Striley, C. W., & Cottler, L. B. (2018) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-018-0729-2 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Improving Enrollment of Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Populations in Heart Failure Trials
DeFilippis, E. M., Echols, M. R., Adamson, P. B., Batchelor, W., Cooper, L. B., Cooper, L. S., Desvigne-Nickens, P. M., George, R. T., Ibrahim, N. E., Jessup, M. L., et al. (2022) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2022.0161 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Parent mental health and family functioning following diagnosis of CHD: a research agenda and recommendations from the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative
Sood, E., Lisanti, A. J., Woolf‐King, S. E., Wray, J., Kasparian, N. A., Jackson, E., Gregory, M. R., Lopez, K. N., Marino, B. S., Neely, T., et al. (2021) · Cardiology in the Young · doi:10.1017/s1047951121002134 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using the Model of Action Phases
Keller, L., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Sheeran, P. (2020) · The Handbook of Behavior Change · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.006 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-Efficacy Interventions
Warner, L. M., & French, D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.032 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Lessons learned for recruitment and retention of low-income African Americans
Taani, M. H., Zabler, B., Fendrich, M., & Schiffman, R. F. (2020) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100533 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Outreach Strategies to Recruit Low-Income African American Men to Participate in Health Promotion Programs and Research: Lessons From the Men of Color Health Awareness (MOCHA) Project
Graham, L. F., Scott, L., Lopeyok, J. E., Douglas, H., Gubrium, A., & Buchanan, D. R. (2018) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/1557988318768602 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Ecological Models
Salmon, J., Hesketh, K. D., Arundell, L., Downing, K. L., & Biddle, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.017 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Self-Determination Theory
Hagger, M. S., Hankonen, N. E., Chatzisarantis, N. L. D., & Ryan, R. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.008 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Reporting of Study Participant Demographic Characteristics and Demographic Representation in Premarketing and Postmarketing Studies of Novel Cancer Therapeutics
Varma, T., Wallach, J. D., Miller, J. E., Schnabel, D., Skydel, J. J., Zhang, A. D., Dinan, M. A., Ross, J. S., & Gross, C. P. (2021) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.7063 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Earning the Trust of African American Communities to Increase Representation in Dementia Research
Portacolone, E., Palmer, N. R., Lichtenberg, P. A., Waters, C. M., Hill, C. V., Keiser, S., Vest, L., Maloof, M., Tran, T., Martinez, P., et al. (2020) · Ethnicity & Disease · doi:10.18865/ed.30.s2.719 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Enablers and barriers of clinical trial participation in adult patients from minority ethnic groups: a systematic review
Alarcón Garavito, G. A., Gilchrist, K., Ciurtin, C., Khanna, S., Chambers, P., McNally, N., Merivale, E., Carr, E., Yu, R., & Vindrola-Padros, C. (2025) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-025-08769-y · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“For instance, the introduction of diversity quotas for trials may result in recruitment taking longer and increase the cost of delivering the study, ultimately reducing the benefit of the research to all patients [76].”
Patient engagement in designing, conducting, and disseminating clinical pain research: IMMPACT recommended considerations
Haroutounian, S., Holzer, K. J., Kerns, R. D., Veasley, C., Dworkin, R. H., Turk, D. C., Carman, K. L., Chambers, C. T., Cowan, P., Edwards, R. R., et al. (2023) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003121 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Planning and Implementation Intention Interventions
Rhodes, R. E., Grant, S. J., & de Bruijn, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.039 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Attitudes and Persuasive Communication Interventions
Hamilton, K., & Johnson, B. T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.031 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Changing Behavior: A Theory- and Evidence-Based Approach
Hagger, M. S., Cameron, L. D., Hamilton, K., Hankonen, N. E., & Lintunen, T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.001 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Integrated Theories
Hagger, M. S., & Hamilton, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.015 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Habit Theory
Orbell, S., & Verplanken, B. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.013 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“You Need to Be a Good Listener”: Recruiters’ Use of Relational Communication Behaviors to Enhance Clinical Trial and Research Study Accrual
Morgan, S. E., Occa, A., Potter, J. E., Mouton, A., & Peter, M. E. (2017) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2016.1256356 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Social Identity Interventions
Tarrant, M., Haslam, C., Carter, M., Calitri, R., & Haslam, S. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.044 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Factors Associated with Lumbar Puncture Participation in Alzheimer’s Disease Research
Blazel, M., Lazar, K. K., Hulle, C. A. V., Ma, Y., Cole, A., Spalitta, A., Davenport‐Sis, N. J., Bendlin, B. B., Wahoske, M. L., Illingworth, C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-200394 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citation
Efficacy of Combining Varenicline and Naltrexone for Smoking Cessation and Drinking Reduction: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Ray, L. A., Green, R., Enders, C. K., Leventhal, A. M., Grodin, E. N., Li, G., Lim, A. C., Hartwell, E. E., Venegas, A., Meredith, L. R., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20070993 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Recruitment of Older African Americans in Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials Using a Community Education Approach
Shaw, A. R., Perales-Puchalt, J., Moore, T., Weatherspoon, P., Robinson, M., Hill, C. V., & Vidoni, E. D. (2022) · The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.14283/jpad.2022.82 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using the Health Belief Model and Protection Motivation Theory
Orbell, S., Zahid, H., & Henderson, C. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.004 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A Prospective Pilot Study Evaluating Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of Breathe Easier : A Mindfulness-based Intervention for Survivors of Lung Cancer and Their Family Members (Dyads)
McDonnell, K. K., Gallerani, D. G., Newsome, B. R., Owens, O. L., Beer, J. M., Myhren-Bennett, A. R., Regan, E. W., Hardin, J. W., & Webb, L. A. (2020) · Integrative Cancer Therapies · doi:10.1177/1534735420969829 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using the Transtheoretical Model
DiClemente, C. C., & Graydon, M. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.010 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Video intervention increases participation of black breast cancer patients in therapeutic trials
Robinson, B. N., Newman, A. F., Tefera, E. A., Herbolsheimer, P. M., Nunes, R., Gallagher, C., Randolph-Jackson, P. D., Omogbehin, A., Dilawari, A. A., Pohlmann, P. R., et al. (2017) · npj Breast Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41523-017-0039-1 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Successful Recruitment Strategies for Engaging Pregnant African American Women in Research
Vaughan, S. E., Misra, D. P., Wong, A. C., Rengers, B., Jablonski, S., Price, M., & Giurgescu, C. (2021) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/01939459211005808 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Retaining Participants in Longitudinal Studies of Alzheimer’s Disease
Gabel, M. J., Bollinger, R. M., Coble, D. W., Grill, J. D., Edwards, D. F., Lingler, J. H., Chin, E. M., & Stark, S. L. (2022) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-215710 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Research with youth of color in low-income communities: Strategies for recruiting and retaining participants
Mendelson, T., Sheridan, S., & Clary, L. K. (2020) · Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.08.011 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Role of Nonverbal Communication Behaviors in Clinical Trial and Research Study Recruitment
Morgan, S. E., Occa, A., Mouton, A., & Potter, J. E. (2016) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2016.1140266 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Clinical trials participation among African Americans and the ethics of trust: Leadership perspectives
Warren, R. C., Shedlin, M. G., Alema‐Mensah, E., Obasaju, C. K., & Hodge, D. A. (2019) · Ethics Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jemep.2019.100405 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using the Reflective-Impulsive Model
Deutsch, R., & Strack, F. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.012 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Changing Behavior by Changing Environments
Marteau, T. M., Fletcher, P. C., Hollands, G. J., & Munafo, M. R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.014 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Community-Engaged Strategies to Increase Diversity of Participants in Health Education Research
Khubchandani, J., Balls‐Berry, J. E., Price, J. H., & Webb, F. J. (2016) · Health Promotion Practice · doi:10.1177/1524839916644713 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
A Scoping Review of Strategies to Increase Black Enrollment and Retention in Cancer Clinical Trials
Arring, N., Aduse‐Poku, L., Jiagge, E. M., Saylor, K., Perkins, D. W., Israel, B. A., Walker, E., Hinebaugh, A., Harb, R., DeWitt, J., et al. (2022) · JCO Oncology Practice · doi:10.1200/op.21.00863 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Developing Behavior Change Interventions
Hankonen, N. E., & Hardeman, W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.021 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Defining interventions and metrics to improve diversity in CNS clinical trial participation: A SNO and RANO effort
Budhu, J. A., Chukwueke, U. N., Jackson, S., Lee, E. Q., McFaline-Figueroa, J. R., Willmarth, N. E., Dalmage, M., Kawachi, I. I., Arons, D. F., Chang, S. M., et al. (2023) · Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1093/neuonc/noad242 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Understanding the Role of Message Frames on African-American Willingness to Participate in a Hypothetical Diabetes Prevention Study
Langford, A. T., Larkin, K., Resnicow, K., Zikmund‐Fisher, B. J., & Fagerlin, A. (2017) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2017.1339146 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Behavior Change Interventions: A Ten-Task Guide
Abraham, C., & Denford, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.019 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Taking cardiology clinical trials to the next level: A call to action
Clayton, J. A., & Arnegard, M. E. (2018) · Clinical Cardiology · doi:10.1002/clc.22907 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Recruiting underrepresented individuals in a double pandemic: Lessons learned in a randomized control trial
White, G. E., Proulx, C. N., Morone, N. E., Murrell, A. J., & Rubio, D. M. (2021) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Science · doi:10.1017/cts.2021.843 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Factors affecting the recruitment of Hispanic/Latinx American older adults in clinical trials in the United States: A scoping review
Rodriguez, D. K., Hewage, S. A., & Periyakoil, V. S. (2023) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.18264 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Moving from Theoretical Principles to Intervention Strategies: Applying the Experimental Medicine Approach
Rothman, A. J., Klein, W. M. P., & Sheeran, P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.020 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Overcoming barriers to recruitment and retention of African–American women with SLE in behavioural interventions: lessons learnt from the WELL study
Drenkard, C., Easley, K. A., Bao, G., Dunlop-Thomas, C. M., Lim, S. S., & Brady, T. J. (2020) · Lupus Science & Medicine · doi:10.1136/lupus-2020-000391 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Dyadic Behavior Change Interventions
Scholz, U., Berli, C., Lüscher, J., & Knoll, N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.043 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
How can we get Iraq- and Afghanistan-deployed US Veterans to participate in health-related research? Findings from a national focus group study
Littman, A. J., True, G., Ashmore, E., Wellens, T., & Smith, N. L. (2018) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-018-0546-2 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation
Cameron, L. D., Fleszar‐Pavlović, S. E., & Khachikian, T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.005 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Designing the Fostering Inclusivity in Research Engagement for Underrepresented Populations in Parkinson's Disease study
Sanchez, A. V., Ison, J. M., Hemley, H., Willis, A. W., Siddiqi, B., Macklin, E. A., Ulysse, C. A., Reynolds, M. L., Schwarzschild, M. A., & Jackson, J. (2022) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2022.106713 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Recruiting African American Children for Research: An Ecological Systems Theory Approach
Graves, D. R., & Sheldon, J. P. (2017) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/0193945917704856 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Imagery, Visualization, and Mental Simulation Interventions
Hagger, M. S., & Conroy, D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.033 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Communicating 5-Year Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia: Development and Evaluation of Materials that Incorporate Multiple Genetic and Biomarker Research Results
Mozersky, J. T., Hartz, S. M., Linnenbringer, E. L., Levin, L., Streitz, M. L., Stock, K., Moulder, K. L., & Morris, J. C. (2020) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-200993 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Disparities in Race and Ethnicity Reporting and Representation for Clinical Trials in Stroke: 2010 to 2020
Nanavati, H. D., Andrabi, M. S., Arevalo, Y. A., Liu, E., Shen, J. Z., & Lin, C. (2024) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.123.033467 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Engagement of Stakeholders in the Design, Evaluation, and Implementation of Complex Interventions
Hudson, J. L., Moon, Z., Hughes, L. D., & Moss-Morris, R. E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.024 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Examining a Mental Health Literacy Intervention Among Economically Disadvantaged Youth
Mumbauer‐Pisano, J., & Barden, S. M. (2020) · Journal of Mental Health Counseling · doi:10.17744/mehc.42.4.04 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Addressing Chronic Pain Disparities Between Black and White People: A Narrative Review of Socio-Ecological Determinants
Pham, T. V., Doorley, J. D., Kenney, M. O., Joo, J. H., Shallcross, A. J., Kincade, M., Jackson, J., & Vranceanu, A. (2023) · Pain Management · doi:10.2217/pmt-2023-0032 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Identifying the barriers and perceptions of non-Hispanic black and Hispanic/Latino persons with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes for participation in a home Telemonitoring feasibility study: a quantitative analysis of those who declined participation, withdrew or were non-adherent
Tong, T., Myers, A. K., Bissoonauth, A. A., Pekmezaris, R., & Kozikowski, A. (2019) · Ethnicity and Health · doi:10.1080/13557858.2019.1566520 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Incentive-Based Interventions
Uri Gneezy, B., Kajackaite, A., & Meier, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.036 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Retention of Ethnic Participants in Longitudinal Studies
Singh, P., Ens, T., Hayden, A., Sinclair, S., LeBlanc, P., Chohan, M. B. Y., & King‐Shier, K. M. (2017) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-017-0618-0 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Cross-cultural differences in the presentation and expression of OCD in Black individuals: A systematic review
Wilson, A., & Thayer, K. K. (2020) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100592 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Satisfaction and perceptions of research participants in clinical and translational studies: An urban multi-institution with CTSA
Adler, P., Otado, J., & Kwagyan, J. (2020) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Science · doi:10.1017/cts.2020.20 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citation
Impact of Pre-visit Contextual Data Collection on Patient-Physician Communication and Patient Activation: a Randomized Trial
Holt, J. M., Cusatis, R. N., Winn, A. N., Asan, O., Spanbauer, C., Williams, J. S., Flynn, K. E., Somai, M. M., Talsma, A., Laud, P. W., et al. (2021) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06583-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Role of Social Support in Cardiovascular Clinical Trial Participation among Black Men: Black Impact
Addison, S., Yang, Y., Metlock, F., King, M., McKoy, A., Williams, A., Gregory, J., Gray, D. M., Joseph, J. J., & Nolan, T. S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191912041 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Predictors of Retention Among African Americans in a Randomized Controlled Trial to Test the Healthy Eating and Active Living in the Spirit (HEALS) Intervention
Babatunde, O. A., Adams, S. A., Wirth, M. D., Eberth, J. M., Sofge, J., Choi, S. K., Harmon, B. E., Davis, L., Drayton, R., Hurley, T. G., et al. (2017) · Ethnicity & Disease · doi:10.18865/ed.27.3.265 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Clinical Trials and Skin of Color: The Example of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Okeke, C. A. V., Perry, J. D., Simmonds, F. C., Erskine, A. B., Shipman, W. D., Seltzer, J. A., Andrews, M. R., Saini, A., Cole, T. A., Perkins, J. A., et al. (2021) · Dermatology · doi:10.1159/000516467 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citation
Characterizing Micro-scale Disparities in Childhood Obesity: Examining the Influence of Multilevel Factors on 4-Year Changes in BMI, Healthy Eating, and Physical Activity, Among a Cohort of Children Residing in Disadvantaged Urban Enclaves
Salvo, D., Ranjit, N., Nielsen, A., Akhavan, N., & van den Berg, A. E. (2019) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2019.00301 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Social Identity Processes
Reynolds, K. J., Branscombe, N. R., Subašić, E., & Willis, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.016 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Changing Behavior Using Theories at the Interpersonal, Organizational, Community, and Societal Levels
Ruiter, R. A. C., Crutzen, R., de Leeuw, E., & Kok, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.018 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Racially diverse participant registries to facilitate the recruitment of African Americans into presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease studies
Cocroft, S., Welsh‐Bohmer, K. A., Plassman, B. L., Chanti‐Ketterl, M., Edmonds, H., Gwyther, L., McCart, M., MacDonald, H., Potter, G., & Burke, J. R. (2020) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.12048 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Establishing Requirements for Technology to Support Clinical Trial Retention: Systematic Scoping Review and Analysis Using Self-determination Theory
Gamble, E., Linehan, C., & Heavin, C. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/38159 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Factors influencing the participation of Black and White Americans in Alzheimer's disease biomarker research
Eliacin, J., Hathaway, E. E., Wang, S., O’Connor, C. E., Saykin, A. J., & Cameron, K. A. (2022) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring · doi:10.1002/dad2.12384 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Suggestions for Increasing Diversity in Clinical Trials
Kailas, A., Dawkins, M., & Taylor, S. C. (2017) · JAMA Dermatology · doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.0850 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Tolerability and Effectiveness of Exenatide Once Weekly Relative to Basal Insulin Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients of Different Races in Routine Care
Nunes, A. P., Loughlin, A. M., Qiao, Q., Ezzy, S. M., Yochum, L., Clifford, C. R., Gately, R. V., Dore, D. D., & Seeger, J. D. (2017) · Diabetes Therapy · doi:10.1007/s13300-017-0314-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
A systematic review of recruitment and retention of ethnic minorities and migrants in obesity prevention randomised controlled trials
Wali, N., Huda, M. N., Gill, T. P., Green, J. B., & Renzaho, A. M. N. (2024) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-024-01545-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Examining the Role of Community Engagement in Enhancing the Participation of Racial and Ethnic Minoritized Communities in Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials; A Rapid Review
Dabiri, S., Raman, R. K., Grooms, J., & Molina‐Henry, D. P. (2024) · The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.14283/jpad.2024.149 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Acceptance-enhanced behavior therapy for trichotillomania: Randomized controlled trial rationale, method, and strategies for recruiting minority participants
Neal-Barnett, A. M., Woods, D. W., Espil, F. M., Davis, M., Alexander, J. R., Compton, S. N., Walther, M. R., Twohig, M. P., Saunders, S. M., Cahill, S. P., et al. (2019) · Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic · doi:10.1521/bumc_2019_83_04 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Results from “Developing Real Incentives and Volition for Exercise” (DRIVE): A pilot randomized controlled trial for promoting physical activity in African American women.
Sweeney, A. M., Wilson, D. K., Horn, M. L. V., Zarrett, N. R., Resnicow, K., Brown, A., Quattlebaum, M. J., & Gadson, B. (2022) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000740 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The Ethics of Sports Medicine Research
Stewart, R. J., & Reider, B. J. (2015) · Clinics in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.csm.2015.10.009 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Recruitment practices for U.S. minority and underserved populations in NRG oncology: Results of an online survey
Cook, E. D., Yeager, K. A., Cecchini, R. S., Boparai, J., Brown, C. L., Duncan, M., Cronin, W. M., & Paskett, E. D. (2018) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2018.03.003 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The role of perceived expertise and trustworthiness in research study and clinical trial recruitment: Perspectives of clinical research coordinators and African American and Black Caribbean patients
Morgan, S. E., Harrison, T. R., Wright, K. O., Jia, X., Deal, B. E., & Malova, E. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0275770 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Monitoring Interventions
Webb, T. L., & de Bruin, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.037 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Identifying and reducing barriers to having a racially and ethnically diverse research population
Harris, M. T., Statler, M. C., Montague, E. N. H., Oduor, K. F., & Stonewall, J. H. (2023) · International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2023.103527 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Recruitment of African Americans into Cancer Clinical Research: Strategies and Outcomes
Sheppard, V. B., Sutton, A. L., Holmes, E. J., Edmonds, M. C., Preston, M. A., Namoos, A. M., Wells, M., & Thomson, M. D. (2021) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-021-00565-8 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Assessment of Patient Health-Related Quality of Life and Functional Outcomes in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Ames, S. G., Banks, R., Zinter, M. S., Fink, E. L., McQuillen, P. S., Hall, M. W., Zuppa, A., Meert, K. L., Mourani, P. M., Carcillo, J. A., et al. (2022) · Pediatric Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/pcc.0000000000002959 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
REPRESENT recommendations: improving inclusion and trust in cancer early detection research
Brockhoven, F., Raphael, M., Currier, J. J., Jäderholm, C. M., Mody, P., Shannon, J., Starling, B., Turner-Uaandja, H., Pashayan, N., & Arteaga, I. (2023) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41416-023-02414-8 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Participation of African Americans in Clinical Research
Bonner, G. J., & Miles, T. P. (1997) · Neuroepidemiology · doi:10.1159/000109698 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Successful strategies for recruiting African Americans to prevention trials
Ryan, D. H., Kennedy, B. M., Smith, L. L., Tucker, E. W., Melancon, L. E., Phillips, B. H., Lassale, C. C., & Bray, G. A. (1998) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19981015)83:8+ · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Lessons learned for recruitment and retention of low-income African Americans
Taani, M. H., Zabler, B., Fendrich, M., & Schiffman, R. F. (2020) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100533 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Engaging African American breast cancer survivors in an intervention trial: culture, responsiveness and community
Germino, B. B., Mishel, M. H., Alexander, G. R., Jenerette, C. M., Blyler, D., Baker, C. A., Vines, A. I., Green, M. J., & Long, D. G. (2010) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-010-0150-x · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Recruitment and retention of african american elders into community-based research: Lessons learned
Dennis, B. P., & Neese, J. B. (2000) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/s0883-9417(00)80003-5 · Cited by 104 · see citing works

Authors: Otado, J., Kwagyan, J., Edwards, D., Ukaegbu, A., Rockcliffe, F., & Osafo, N.
Affiliations: Howard University (US)
Corresponding author: Otado, Jane
ORCID: Kwagyan, John
Venue: Clinical and Translational Science
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2015-05-14
Volume: 8
Issue: 5
Pages: 460-466
ISSN: 1752-8054 (ISSN-L)
1752-8062
DOI: 10.1111/cts.12285
PMC: PMC4626379
OpenAlex: W2158685593
Cited by: 231
References: 24
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1
FWCI: 9.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Clinical and Translational Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (UL1RR031975)
Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance
National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001409, UL1TR000101)
National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR031975)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (G12MD007597)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics in Clinical Research
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Race, Genetics, and Society
Keywords: clinical trial recruitment, participant retention, African American population, cultural competence, community participation, participant dropout, research compensation, study coordinators
MeSH terms: Attitude of Health Personnel, Black or African American, Clinical Trials as Topic, Communication, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Patient Dropouts, Surveys and Questionnaires, Research Personnel, Retrospective Studies, United States, Sample Size, Patient Selection, Research Subjects, Cultural Competency

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Culturally Competent Strategies for Recruitment and Retention of African American Populations into Clinical Trials

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks