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Associations between alcohol, smoking, socioeconomic status and comorbidities: Evidence from the 45 and U p S tudy

Bonevski, Billie, Regan, Tim, Paul, Chris, Baker, Amanda L., Bisquera, Alessandra·2014·Drug and Alcohol Review
DOI 10.1111/dar.12104
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Abstract

Introduction and Aims.: Understanding how tobacco, alcohol and mental health are related is important for developing population‐level policies and individual‐level treatments that target comorbidities. The current study aimed to examine sociodemographic characteristics and mental health comorbidities associated with the odds of using tobacco and harmful levels of alcohol concurrently. Design and Methods.: Data were drawn from the 45 and U p S tudy, a large cohort study with 267 153 adults aged 45 years and over in N ew S outh W ales, A ustralia. Participants completed a survey assessing alcohol, smoking, psychological distress, treatment for depression and anxiety, and a range of socioeconomic status indicators. Univariate analyses and three multiple‐logistic regression models were used to determine associations with (i) tobacco but not alcohol use; (ii) alcohol but not tobacco use; and (iii) concurrent tobacco and risky levels of alcohol use. Results.: Being female, younger, lower individual and area‐level socioeconomic status (SES) and depression and psychological distress were associated with tobacco use alone. Factors associated with alcohol use alone were older age, male gender, higher SES, and lower psychological distress and no recent depression treatment. Factors associated with concurrent risky alcohol consumption and tobacco use included being 45–64, being male, less education, earning <$30 000, being employed, and living in lower‐SES areas, treatment for depression, and high distress on the Kessler‐10. Discussion and Conclusions.: Results suggest strong links between SES, treatment for depression, psychological distress, and concurrent tobacco and alcohol use. This has implications for public health policies and clinical treatment for tobacco and alcohol use, suggesting greater emphasis on addressing multiple health and social concerns. [Bonevski B, Regan T, Paul C, Baker AL, Bisquera A. Associations between alcohol, smoking, socioeconomic status and comorbidities: Evidence from the 45 and Up Study. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014;33:169–176]

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Authors
Bonevski, B., Regan, T., Paul, C., Baker, A. L., & Bisquera, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
  • Faculty of Health and Medicine School of Medicine and Public Health The University of Newcastle Newcastle Australia
Corresponding author
Bonevski, Billie
ORCID
Venue
Drug and Alcohol Review
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2013-12-23
Volume
33
Issue
2
Pages
169-176
ISSN
  • 0959-5236 (ISSN-L)
  • 1465-3362
DOI
10.1111/dar.12104
OpenAlex
W1778883538
Cited by
105
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3
FWCI
4.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Drug and Alcohol Review (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
  • NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Hunter Medical Research Institute
  • Cancer Institute NSW
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
  • National Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
hazardous drinking, tobacco use, socioeconomic status, psychological distress, depression treatment, anxiety treatment, psychiatric comorbidity, sociodemographic factors, middle-aged and older adults, 45 and Up Study
MeSH terms
Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, New South Wales, Sex Factors, Smoking, Social Class, Stress, Psychological, Tobacco Use Disorder, Comorbidity

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