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Cited by 28Diabetes Management and EducationPsychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionMental Health via Writing

A pilot randomized controlled trial of a gratitude intervention for adolescents with Type 1 diabetes

Schache, K. R., Hofman, P. L., Serlachius, A. S.·2020·Diabetic Medicine
DOI 10.1111/dme.14078
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Abstract

Abstract Aim Cost‐effective psychosocial interventions that can feasibly be implemented into busy clinical settings are needed to improve psychological and physical health outcomes in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. We examined the efficacy of a gratitude journalling intervention to improve psychological well‐being and glycaemic control in adolescents aged 10–16 years with Type 1 diabetes. Methods Eighty adolescents were randomized to the 8‐week gratitude intervention (N = 40) or standard care (N = 40). Self‐reported measures of stress, quality of life, self‐care, depression and gratitude were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks after baseline. Glycaemic control (HbA1c) was assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after baseline. A per‐protocol analysis was conducted with the adolescents who completed all questionnaires (N = 60). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine differences between treatment arms at follow‐up adjusting for baseline scores. Results There was no evidence of any between‐group differences in the psychological or behavioural measures at follow‐up (all P‐values > 0.05). Glycaemic control slightly increased in the control group while remaining stable in the gratitude group, with a between‐group difference of 6.1 mmol/mol [95% confidence interval (CI) −2.6 to 14.7; 0.6%, 95% CI −0.2 to 1.3] at 12 weeks after baseline. After adjusting for baseline HbA1c, this between‐group difference was significant (P = 0.048). Conclusions This is the first randomized trial of a gratitude journalling intervention for adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Gratitude journalling interventions represent a clinically usable approach. If and how it helps to stabilise glycaemic control in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes remains to be confirmed in future research.

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  • The Whitu app was developed using evidence-based strategies including cognitive behavioral therapy and positive psychology techniques that have shown efficacy in adults and young people.

    “Whitu: 7 Ways in 7 Days (Whitu is 7 in the New Zealand Māori language Te Reo) was developed using evidence-based strategies including cognitive behavioral therapy and positive psychology techniques that have shown efficacy in adults and young people (Merry et al., 2012; Serlachius et al., 2016; Schache et al., 2019; van Agteren et al., 2021).”

    From Pilot study of a well-being app to support New Zealand young people during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as Schache et al., 2019

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Authors
Schache, K. R., Hofman, P. L., & Serlachius, A. S.
Affiliations
University of Auckland (NZ)
Corresponding author
Serlachius, A. S.
ORCID
Venue
Diabetic Medicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2019-08-04
Volume
37
Issue
8
Pages
1352-1356
ISSN
  • 0742-3071 (ISSN-L)
  • 1464-5491
DOI
10.1111/dme.14078
OpenAlex
W2959028919
Cited by
28
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2
FWCI
1.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Diabetic Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
Keywords
type 1 diabetes, adolescents, psychosocial interventions, glycemic control, HbA1c, psychological well-being, diabetes self-care, depression, stress, quality of life
MeSH terms
Psychosocial Intervention, Adolescent, Child, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Male, Pilot Projects, Quality of Life, Stress, Psychological

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