Modification of high saturated fat diet with n-3 polyunsaturated fat improves glucose intolerance and vascular dysfunction
Open accessAbstract
AIMS: The ability of dietary enrichment with monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), n-3 or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to reverse glucose intolerance and vascular dysfunction resulting from excessive dietary saturated fatty acids is not resolved. We hypothesized that partial replacement of dietary saturated fats with n-3 PUFA-enriched menhaden oil (MO) would provide greater improvement in glucose tolerance and vascular function compared to n-6 enriched safflower oil (SO) or MUFA-enriched olive oil (OO). METHODS: We fed mice a high saturated fat diet (HF) (60% kcal from lard) for 12 weeks before substituting half the lard with MO, SO or OO for an additional 4 weeks. At the end of 4 weeks, we assessed glucose tolerance, insulin signalling and reactivity of isolated pressurized gracilis arteries. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of saturated fat diet, body weights were elevated and glucose tolerance was abnormal compared to mice on control diet (13% kcal lard). Diet substituted with MO restored basal glucose levels, glucose tolerance and indices of insulin signalling (phosphorylated Akt) to normal, whereas restoration was limited for SO and OO substitutions. Although dilation to acetylcholine was reduced in arteries from mice on HF, OO and SO diets compared to normal diet, dilation to acetylcholine was fully restored and constriction to phenylephrine was reduced in MO-fed mice compared to normal. CONCLUSION: We conclude that short-term enrichment of an ongoing high fat diet with n-3 PUFA rich MO, but not MUFA rich OO or n-6 PUFA rich SO, reverses glucose tolerance, insulin signalling and vascular dysfunction.
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PUFAs may ameliorate the adipose tissue inflammatory responses, with beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity.
“As shown in animal model studies [46,47,48], PUFAs may ameliorate the adipose tissue’s inflammatory responses, with beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity [49].”
From Mediterranean diet nutrients to turn the tide against insulin resistance and related diseases (2020) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Lamping, K. G., Nuno, D. W., Coppey, L. J., Holmes, A. J., Hu, S., Oltman, C. L., Norris, A. W., & Yorek, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- Iowa City VA Health Care System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lamping, K. G.
- Venue
- Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-09-30
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 144-152
- ISSN
- 1462-8902 (ISSN-L)
- 1463-1326
- PMC
- PMC3674571
- OpenAlex
- W2059005429
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2024: 10 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 5.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 BX001680, I01 BX000543, I01 BX000857)
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 073990, R01DK073990, R01DK081548, R01DK097820, R56DK073990, DK081548)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- high saturated fat diet, omega-3 fatty acids, menhaden oil, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin signaling, vascular dysfunction, monounsaturated fatty acids, olive oil, safflower oil, fat replacement, insulin resistance, endothelial function, acetylcholine-induced vasodilation, phenylephrine vasoconstriction, Akt phosphorylation
- MeSH terms
- Olive Oil, Animals, Body Weight, Energy Intake, Dietary Fats, Disease Models, Animal, Endothelium, Vascular, Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, Insulin Resistance, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Plant Oils, Safflower Oil, Triglycerides, Vascular Diseases, Signal Transduction, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Glucose Intolerance, Mice, Diet, High-Fat
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