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Cited by 135Diabetes and associated disordersPancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes Management and Research

C‐peptide determination in the diagnosis of type of diabetes and its management: A clinical perspective

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Maddaloni, Ernesto, Bolli, Geremia B., Frier, Brian M., Little, Randie R., Leslie, Richard D., Pozzilli, Paolo, Buzzetti, Raffaela·2022·Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
DOI 10.1111/dom.14785PMC PMC9543865
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Abstract

Impaired beta‐cell function is a recognized cornerstone of diabetes pathophysiology. Estimates of insulin secretory capacity are useful to inform clinical practice, helping to classify types of diabetes, complication risk stratification and to guide treatment decisions. Because C‐peptide secretion mirrors beta‐cell function, it has emerged as a valuable clinical biomarker, mainly in autoimmune diabetes and especially in adult‐onset diabetes. Nonetheless, the lack of robust evidence about the clinical utility of C‐peptide measurement in type 2 diabetes, where insulin resistance is a major confounder, limits its use in such cases. Furthermore, problems remain in the standardization of the assay for C‐peptide, raising concerns about comparability of measurements between different laboratories. To approach the heterogeneity and complexity of diabetes, reliable, simple and inexpensive clinical markers are required that can inform clinicians about probable pathophysiology and disease progression, and so enable personalization of management and therapy. This review summarizes the current evidence base about the potential value of C‐peptide in the management of the two most prevalent forms of diabetes (type 2 diabetes and autoimmune diabetes) to address how its measurement may assist daily clinical practice and to highlight current limitations and areas of uncertainties to be covered by future research.

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  • Pancreatic autoantibodies, low levels of C-peptide and insulin requirement at the time of diagnosis are all suggestive of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

    “Pancreatic autoantibodies, low levels of C-peptide and insulin requirement at the time of diagnosis are all suggestive of T1DM66,67.”

    From The epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus in older adults (2025) · cites this paper as [66]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Maddaloni, E., Bolli, G. B., Frier, B. M., Little, R. R., Leslie, R. D., Pozzilli, P., & Buzzetti, R.
Affiliations
  • Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
  • University of Perugia (IT)
  • The Queen's Medical Research Institute (GB)
  • University of Missouri (US)
  • Queen Mary University of London (GB)
  • Università Campus Bio-Medico (IT)
  • Experimental Medicine Department Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
Corresponding author
Pozzilli, Paolo
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2022-06-28
Volume
24
Issue
10
Pages
1912-1926
ISSN
  • 1462-8902 (ISSN-L)
  • 1463-1326
DOI
10.1111/dom.14785
PMC
PMC9543865
OpenAlex
W4281656540
Cited by
135
References
21
Citations by year
2026: 31 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 4
FWCI
4.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords
C-peptide, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, autoimmune diabetes, beta-cell function, insulin secretion, diabetes classification, diabetes management, insulin resistance, assay standardization, clinical biomarkers, disease progression
MeSH terms
Insulin Secretion, Adult, C-Peptide, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Insulin, Biomarkers

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