The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Enemy free space and the structure of ecological communities
Abstract
We define ‘enemy free space’ as ways of living that reduce or eliminate a species' vulnerability to one or more species of natural enemies. Many aspects of species' niches, in ecological and evolutionary time have apparently been moulded by interactions with natural enemies for enemy free space. We review a large number of examples. Yet many ecologists continue to think and write as though classical resource based competition for food or space is the primary determinant of species' niches. Often it is not. The recognition that the struggle for enemy free space is an important component of many species' ecologies may have important consequences for studies of community convergence, limits to species packing, and the ratio of predator species to prey species in natural communities.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hutchinson, G. E. (1957) · Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology · doi:10.1101/sqb.1957.022.01.039 · Cited by 6,228
Exaptation—a missing term in the science of form
Gould, S. J., & Vrba, E. S. (1982) · Paleobiology · doi:10.1017/s0094837300004310 · Cited by 5,136
Brooks, J. L., & Dodson, S. I. (1965) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.150.3692.28 · Cited by 3,280
Cited by
The Roles of Harsh and Fluctuating Conditions in the Dynamics of Ecological Communities
Chesson, P., & Huntly, N. (1997) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/286080 · Cited by 873
Prey Refuges Affecting Interactions Between Piscivorous Perch and Juvenile Perch and Roach
Persson, L., & Eklov, P. (1995) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1940632 · Cited by 384
Determination of Species Composition in the Enallagma Damselfly Assemblages of Permanent Lakes
McPeek, M. A. (1990) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1940249 · Cited by 295
COMPETITION, PREDATION, AND DENSITY-DEPENDENT MORTALITY IN DEMERSAL MARINE FISHES
Hixon, M. A., & Jones, G. P. (2005) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/04-1455 · Cited by 288
Individual Behavior and Higher-Order Species Interactions
Werner, E. E. (1992) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/285395 · Cited by 226
Metadata
- Authors
- JEFFRIES, M. J., & LAWTON, J. H.
- Venue
- Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1984-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 269-286
- ISSN
- 0024-4066 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2153698084
- Cited by
- 954
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 19.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Enemy free space and the structure of ecological communities. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1984.tb00145.x
- The paper
- JEFFRIES, M. J., & LAWTON, J. H. (1984). Enemy free space and the structure of ecological communities. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1984.tb00145.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.