The relationship between childhood depressive symptoms and problem alcohol use in early adolescence: Findings from a large longitudinal population-based study
Abstract
AIMS: Depressive symptomatology can increase risk of development of alcohol problems in young people. Tension reduction and family interactional theories may explain the relationship between depression and problematic alcohol use in youth. This study addresses the nature of the longitudinal relationship between these two behaviours. The available literature is currently inconclusive about whether there are gender differences in these relationships; this is also examined. DESIGN: The association between childhood depressive behaviours and adolescence problematic alcohol use was examined using ordered logistic regression models. Evidence of gender differences and the impact of relevant covariates on these relations were examined. Missing data were imputed using a Multiple Imputation by Chained Equation (MICE) approach. SETTINGS: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a large UK population-based birth cohort. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 4220 British boys and girls. MEASUREMENTS: Depressive symptomatology was assessed in childhood (mean age = 10.6, SD = 0.2) using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ). Problematic alcohol use was assessed from several questions queried in adolescence (mean age = 13.8, SD = 0.2). FINDINGS: Childhood depressive symptoms were associated with increased risk of problematic alcohol use in early adolescence for girls [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14, P = 0.016] but not boys. This association for girls weakened (OR = 1.12, P = 0.058) when a priori selected covariates were taken into account, particularly the family and greater social environment. CONCLUSIONS: Problematic alcohol use in girls (but not boys) is associated with prior depressive symptoms. This association may be attributable to several family and social environment factors, suggesting that a family interactional theoretical model may explain these findings.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Depressive symptoms in middle childhood predict substance use in adolescence as well as aggression, lower self-esteem, poorer functioning in social relationships and education, and less job success in young adulthood.
“Depressive symptoms in middle childhood have been found to predict substance use in adolescence (Prinstein & La Greca, 2009;Saraceno et al., 2012) as well as aggression, lower selfesteem, poorer functioning in social relationships and education, and less job success in young adulthood (Aronen & Soininen, 2000).”
From Effects of the Big Brothers Big Sisters of America Community-Based Mentoring Program on social-emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes of participating youth: A randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as Saraceno et al., 2012
Cites
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note
Goodman, R. (1997) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x · Cited by 14,908 · see citing works
Detection of Postnatal Depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
Cox, J. L., Holden, J. M., & Sagovsky, R. (1987) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.150.6.782 · Cited by 14,183 · see citing works
Sterne, J. A. C., White, I. R., Carlin, J. B., Spratt, M., Royston, P., Kenward, M. G., Wood, A. M., & Carpenter, J. R. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2393 · Cited by 7,299 · see citing works
Regression Models for Categorical Dependent Variables Using Stata
Guzmán, J. (2013) · Puerto Rico health sciences journal · Cited by 5,333 · see citing works
Regression Models for Categorical Dependent Variables Using Stata
Long, J. S., & Freese, J. (2014) · Cited by 4,655 · see citing works
Motivations for alcohol use among adolescents: Development and validation of a four-factor model.
Cooper, M. L. (1994) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.6.2.117 · Cited by 2,399 · see citing works
Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment-21
Lansford, J. E., Odgers, C. L., Bradley, R. H., Godwin, J. W., Copeland, W., Rothenberg, W. A., & Dodge, K. A. (2022) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t86918-000 · Cited by 2,249 · see citing works
The emergence of gender differences in depression during adolescence.
Nolen–Hoeksema, S., & Girgus, J. S. (1994) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.115.3.424 · Cited by 2,215 · see citing works
Generalized Ordered Logit/Partial Proportional Odds Models for Ordinal Dependent Variables
Williams, R. A. (2006) · The Stata Journal Promoting communications on statistics and Stata · doi:10.1177/1536867x0600600104 · Cited by 2,136 · see citing works
Bucholz, K. K., Cadoret, R. J., Cloninger, C. R., Dinwiddie, S. H., HESSELBROCK, V. M., Nürnberger, J. I., Reich, T., Schmidt, I., & Schuckit, M. A. (1994) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1994.55.149 · Cited by 1,758 · see citing works
ALSPAC–The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
Golding, Pembrey, Jones, & The Alspac Study Team (2001) · Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00325.x · Cited by 1,549 · see citing works
(1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.7.979 · Cited by 1,485 · see citing works
Psychological theories of drinking and alcoholism
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-3064 · Cited by 1,377 · see citing works
Gender and Health: An Update on Hypotheses and Evidence
Verbrugge, L. M. (1985) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2136750 · Cited by 1,240 · see citing works
Age at first alcohol use: a risk factor for the development of alcohol disorders
DeWit, D. J., Adlaf, E. M., Offord, D. R., & Ogborne, A. C. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.5.745 · Cited by 1,187 · see citing works
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Polychoric Correlation Coefficient
Olsson, U. (1979) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02296207 · Cited by 1,127 · see citing works
Multiple Imputation of Missing Values: Update of Ice
Royston, P. J. (2005) · The Stata Journal Promoting communications on statistics and Stata · doi:10.1177/1536867x0500500404 · Cited by 1,038 · see citing works
Gender differences in risk factors and consequences for alcohol use and problems
Nolen–Hoeksema, S. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.08.003 · Cited by 1,005 · see citing works
Using the outcome for imputation of missing predictor values was preferred
Moons, K. G. M., Donders, R. A. R. T., Stijnen, T., & Harrell, F. E. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.01.009 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Modern Approaches
Rutter, M. L., Taylor, E. A., & Hersov, L. (1987) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 653 · see citing works
Adolescent Depressive Symptoms as Predictors of Adult Depression: Moodiness or Mood Disorder?
Pine, D. S., Cohen, E., Cohen, P., & Brook, J. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.1.133 · Cited by 619 · see citing works
Handbook of Depression in Children and Adolescents
Reynolds, W. M., & Johnston, H. F. (1994) · Issues in clinical child psychology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1510-8 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
Childhood externalizing and internalizing psychopathology in the prediction of early substance use
King, S. M., Iacono, W. G., & McGue, M. K. (2004) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00893.x · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Wood, A., White, I. R., & Thompson, S. G. (2004) · Clinical Trials · doi:10.1191/1740774504cn032oa · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Modern Approaches
Garralda, M. E. (1995) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.72.3.277-b · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Chassin, L., Pitts, S. C., DeLucia, C., & Todd, M. (1999) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.108.1.106 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Gender differences in factors influencing alcohol use and drinking progression among adolescents
Schulte, M. T., Ramo, D. E., & Brown, S. A. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.06.003 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Wallace, J. M., Bachman, J. G., O’Malley, P. M., Schulenberg, J. E., Cooper, S. M., & Johnston, L. D. (2003) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00282.x · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Greeley, J. D., & Oei, T. P. S. (1999) · Cited by 293 · see citing works
A New Framework for Managing and Analyzing Multiply Imputed Data in Stata
Carlin, J., Galati, J., & Royston, P. (2008) · The Stata Journal Promoting communications on statistics and Stata · doi:10.1177/1536867x0800800104 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Gender and Comorbid Psychopathology in Adolescents With Alcohol Dependence
Clark, D. B., Pollock, N. K., Bukstein, O. G., Mezzich, A. C., Bromberger, J. T., & Donovan, J. E. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199709000-00011 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Thapar, A., & McGuffin, P. (1998) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00073-0 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Buydens‐Branchey, L. (1989) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810030031004 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Bukstein, O. G., GLANCY, L. J., & Kaminer, Y. (1992) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199211000-00007 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Loeber, R., Stouthamer‐Loeber, M., van Kammen, W. B., & Farrington, D. P. (1989) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1001-0_10 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Marmorstein, N. R. (2009) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00810.x · Cited by 219 · see citing works
A developmental perspective on interpersonal theories of youth depression.
Rudolph, K. D., Flynn, M. E., & Abaied, J. L. (2008) · Issues in clinical child psychology · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Shelton, K. H., & Harold, G. T. (2008) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013515 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Predictors of smoking development in a population-based sample of adolescents: A prospective study
van den Bree, M. B. M., Whitmer, M. D., & Pickworth, W. B. (2004) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2003.09.021 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Rhew, I. C., Simpson, K., Tracy, M., Lymp, J. F., McCauley, E., Tsuang, D. W., & Stoep, A. V. (2010) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/1753-2000-4-8 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Kuo, P., Gardner, C. O., Kendler, K. S., & Prescott, C. A. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706007860 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Stice, E. M., Manuel, J. B., & Chassin, L. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.107.4.616 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Substance Use Among Early Adolescent Girls: Risk and Protective Factors
Schinke, S. P., Fang, L., & Cole, K. (2008) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.12.014 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Life event scales for obstetric groups
Barnett, B. E. W., Hanna, B. A., & Parker, G. B. (1983) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(83)90054-5 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Cleveland, H. H., Wiebe, R. P., & Rowe, D. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315096278-11 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Stice, E., Barrera, M., & Chassin, L. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.4.616 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Kumpfer, K. L., Smith, P., & Summerhays, J. F. (2008) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826080801914261 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Depression and heavy alcohol use among adolescents: Concurrent and prospective relations
Windle, M. T., & Davies, P. T. (1999) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579499002345 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Fisher, S. L., Bucholz, K. K., Reich, W., Fox, L. W., Samuel Kuperman, C., Kramer, J., HESSELBROCK, V. M., Dick, D. M., Nürnberger, J. I., Edenberg, H. J., et al. (2006) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00205.x · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Mason, W. A., Kosterman, R., Haggerty, K. P., Hawkins, J. D., Redmond, C. R., Spoth, R. L., & Shin, C. (2009) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.03.032 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Brook, J. S., Brook, D. W., Rosa, M. R. D. L., Duque, L. F., Rodríguez, E. A. R., Montoya, I. D., & Whiteman, M. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199807000-00016 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Ethnic differences and the closing of the sex gap in alcohol use among college-bound students.
Corbin, W. R., Vaughan, E. L., & Fromme, K. (2008) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.22.2.240 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Saraceno, L., Munafo, M. R., Heron, J., Craddock, N. J., & van den Bree, M. B. M. (2009) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02571.x · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationON POLYCHORIC COEFFICIENTS OF CORRELATION
PEARSON, K., & PEARSON, E. S. (1922) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/14.1-2.127 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Computer-delivered, parent-involvement intervention to prevent substance use among adolescent girls
Schinke, S. P., Fang, L., & Cole, K. (2009) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.08.001 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Current comorbidity among consecutive adolescent psychiatric outpatients with DSM-IV mood disorders
Karlsson, L., Pelkonen, M. U. I., Ruuttu, T., Kiviruusu, O. H., Heilä, H., Holi, M. M., Kettunen, K., Tuisku, V., Tuulio‐Henriksson, A., Törrönen, J., et al. (2006) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-006-0526-7 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Substance use among late adolescent urban youths: Mental health and gender influences
Schwinn, T. M., Schinke, S. P., & Trent, D. N. (2009) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.08.005 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Comorbid Psychiatric Factors Contributing to Adolescent Alcohol and Other Drug Use
Deas, D., & Thomas, S. (2002) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Araya, R., Hu, X., Heron, J., Enoch, M., Evans, J., Lewis, G., Nutt, D., & Goldman, D. A. (2008) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30888 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationZatzick, D., Russo, J. E., Grossman, D. C., Jurkovich, G. J., Sabin, J., Berliner, L., & Rivara, F. P. (2005) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsj056 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Indicators for Measuring Mental Health: Towards Better Surveillance
Tannenbaum, C., Lexchin, J., Tamblyn, R. M., & Romans, S. E. (2009) · Healthcare policy · doi:10.12927/hcpol.2013.21180 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Kalodner, C. R., DeLucia, J. L., & Ursprung, A. W. (1989) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/0306-4603(89)90007-5 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Hahesy, A. L., Wilens, T. E., Biederman, J., Patten, S. L. V., & Spencer, T. J. (2002) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00015-x · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Shelton, K. H., & van den Bree, M. V. D. (2010) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00643.x · Cited by 44 · see citing works
van Lier, P. A. C., Huizink, A. C., & Crijnen, A. A. M. (2008) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.10.004 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Alcohol use and depression among African-American and Caucasian adolescents.
Maag, J. W., & Irvin, D. M. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Granero, R., Ezpeleta, L., & Domenech, J. M. (2007) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-006-0155-y · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Prevention for Children of Alcoholics and Other High Risk Groups
Zucker, R. A., & Wong, M. M.-H. (2005) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-306-48626-1_14 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Correlates of Adolescent Drug Use by Gender and Geographic Location
Johnson, R. E., & Marcos, A. C. (1988) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.3109/00952998809001535 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Schuckit, M. A., Smith, T. L., Trim, R. S., et al. (2008) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02325.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Balon, R. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.4.753 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Identifying potential heavy drinkers in early adolescence
Lintonen, T., Konu, A., & Rimpelä, M. (2001) · Health Education · doi:10.1108/09654280110398734 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Notaro, C. (1976) · Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.3109/01460867609074887 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ongoing study examines links between genes and environment
Wise, J. (2001) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/gb-spotlight-20010613-01 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Childhood Psychiatric Disorders as Risk Factor for Subsequent Substance Abuse: A Meta-Analysis.
Groenman, A. P., Janssen, T. W. P., & Oosterlaan, J. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2017.05.004 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Hussong, A. M., Ennett, S. T., Cox, M. J., & Haroon, M. (2017) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000247 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Herrera, C., DuBois, D. L., Heubach, J., & Grossman, J. B. (2023) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106742 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
- Authors
- Saraceno, L., Heron, J., Munafò, M., Craddock, N., & van den Bree, M. B. M.
- Affiliations
- Cardiff University (GB)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Venue
- Addiction
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-02-08
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 567-577
- ISSN
- 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0443
- OpenAlex
- W2129031424
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Addiction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (publishedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (092731)
- Cardiff University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- alcohol abuse, early adolescence, gender differences, family environment, social environment, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Depression, England, Family Relations, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress, Psychological, Prevalence, Sex Distribution, Alcohol-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review