Pharmaceutical innovation by the seven UK‐owned pharmaceutical companies (1964‐1985).
Open accessAbstract
1 A total of three hundred and nineteen new chemical entities (NCEs) were investigated in man for the first time between 1964 and 1985 by seven UK‐owned pharmaceutical companies. The majority (96.2%), were self‐originated by the UK company or one of its overseas subsidiaries. 2 There was an increase in the number of NCEs investigated each year in man, doubling from an average of 12 per year up to 1980, to over 20 per year between 1981 and 1985. The majority of first drug evaluations in human volunteers were carried out in the UK (92.2%), in contrast to evaluation of new medicines in patients, where 42.9% were first tested outside the UK. 3 The majority of NCEs evaluated in man (78%), were in four therapeutic classes: anti‐infectives (32%), anti‐allergics (22%), drugs acting on the central nervous system (13%) and cardiovascular system agents (11%). 4 By the end of 1985, 49 (15.4%) of these NCEs had been marketed in the UK and 198 (62.0%) discontinued from further development. The main reasons for termination were inappropriate pharmacokinetics in man (39.4%), and lack of clinical efficacy (29.3%). 5 Average development times increased from less than 2 years between 1964 and 1965, to around 8 years in the 1980s with a consequent reduction in the effective patent life.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Inappropriate pharmacokinetic properties in humans are one of the main reasons associated with termination of drug development.
“One of the main reasons associated with the termination of drug development is inappropriate pharmacokinetic (PK) properties in humans [1].”
From Interpretation of Non-Clinical Data for Prediction of Human Pharmacokinetic Parameters: In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation and Allometric Scaling (2019) · cites this paper as [1]
Cites
New drug development in the United States, 1963 through 1984
Mattison, N., Trimble, A. G., & Lasagna, L. C. (1988) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1038/clpt.1988.35 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Drug innovation—what's slowing it down?
Steward, F., & Wibberley, G. (1980) · Nature · doi:10.1038/284118a0 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
The rate of development of new drugs in the United States, 1963 through 1975
Wardell, W. M., Hassar, M., & Anavekar, S. N. (1978) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/cpt1978242133 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A survey of products licensed in the United Kingdom from 1971‐1981.
Griffin, J. L., & Diggle, G. E. (1981) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01251.x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The Measurement of Pharmaceutical Innovation
Wardell, W. M., & DiRaddo, J. (1980) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1980.tb01660.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Pharmaceuticals in seven nations
Chew, R., Smith, G. T., & Wells, N. E. J. (1985) · Monographs · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Trends in the development of new medicines by UK‐owned pharmaceutical companies (1964‐1980).
Prentis, R., & Walker, S. (1986) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05219.x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationSpeirs, C., & Griffin, J. P. (1983) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb01545.x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Wardell, W. M., & Le, S. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The development of self-originated new drugs by Swiss pharmaceutical firms, 1960–1980
Mattison, N., Thomas, E., Trimble, A. G., & Wardell, W. M. (1984) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0273-2300(84)90038-2 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Griffin, J. L., & Stewart, A. (1982) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01374.x · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Treatment. A Handbook of Drug Therapy
(1979) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.55.648.774 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fluorine in medicinal chemistry
Purser, S., Moore, P. R., Swallow, S., & Gouverneur, V. (2007) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b610213c · Cited by 7,616 · see citing works
Concordance of the toxicity of pharmaceuticals in humans and in animals
Olson, H., Betton, G., Robinson, D., Thomas, K., Monro, A., Kolaja, G., Lilly, P., Sanders, J., Sipes, G., Bracken, W., et al. (2000) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1006/rtph.2000.1399 · Cited by 2,050 · see citing works
Cyclodextrin-based pharmaceutics: past, present and future
Davis, M. E., & Brewster, M. E. (2004) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd1576 · Cited by 2,002 · see citing works
Prediction of Drug Absorption Using Multivariate Statistics
Egan, W. J., Merz, K. M., & Baldwin, J. J. (2000) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm000292e · Cited by 2,015 · see citing works
Cyclodextrins as pharmaceutical solubilizers
Brewster, M. E., & Loftsson, Þ. (2007) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2007.05.012 · Cited by 1,892 · see citing works
The Prediction of Human Pharmacokinetic Parameters from Preclinical and in Vitro Metabolism Data
Obach, R. S., Baxter, J. G., Liston, T. E., Silber, B. M., Jones, B. C., Macintyre, F., Rance, D. J., & Wastall, P. (1997) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(24)36999-x · Cited by 987 · see citing works
Role of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Drug Discovery and Development
Lin, J. H., & Lu, A. Y. H. (1997) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(24)01340-1 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Property-Based Design: Optimization of Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics
Waterbeemd, H. V. D., Smith, D. A., Beaumont, K. C., & Walker, D. K. (2001) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm000407e · Cited by 600 · see citing works
A Comparison of Physiochemical Property Profiles of Development and Marketed Oral Drugs
Wenlock, M. C., Austin, R. P., Barton, P., Davis, A. M., & Leeson, P. D. (2003) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm021053p · Cited by 552 · see citing works
Polymorphic human cytochrome P450 enzymes: an opportunity for individualized drug treatment
Ingelman‐Sundberg, M., Oscarson, M., & McLellan, R. A. (1999) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(99)01363-2 · Cited by 539 · see citing works
The role of solid nanoparticle technology in the parenteral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs
Kipp, J. (2004) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.07.019 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Sinha, B., Müller, R. H., & Möschwitzer, J. P. (2013) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.019 · Cited by 527 · see citing works
Alavijeh, M. S., Chishty, M., Qaiser, M. Z., & Palmer, A. M. (2005) · NeuroRx · doi:10.1602/neurorx.2.4.554 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Wohnsland, F., & Faller, B. (2001) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm001020e · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Delivery of Neurotrophic Factors to the Central Nervous System: Pharmacokinetic Considerations
Thorne, R. G., & Frey, W. H. (2001) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200140120-00003 · Cited by 487 · see citing works
Astashkina, A. I., Mann, B. K., & Grainger, D. W. (2012) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.01.001 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Kramer, J. A., Sagartz, J. E., & Morris, D. L. (2007) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd2378 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Drug research: myths, hype and reality
Kubinyi, H. (2003) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd1156 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
High throughput physicochemical profiling for drug discovery
Kerns, E. H. (2001) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1002/jps.1134 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
The importance of the domain of applicability in QSAR modeling
Weaver, S., & Gleeson, M. P. (2008) · Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.jmgm.2008.01.002 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Amorphous Drug Delivery Systems: Molecular Aspects, Design, and Performance
Kaushal, A. M., Gupta, P., & Bansal, A. K. (2004) · Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems · doi:10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.v21.i3.10 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Verreck, G., Chun, I., Peeters, J., Rosenblatt, J., & Brewster, M. E. (2003) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1023450006281 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Fan, J., & de Lannoy, I. A. M. (2014) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2013.09.007 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
In silico prediction of drug‐binding strengths to human serum albumin
Colmenarejo, G. (2003) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.10039 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Pharmaceutical profiling in drug discovery
Kerns, E. H. (2003) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/s1359-6446(03)02649-7 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Cytochromes P450 as useful biocatalysts: addressing the limitations
O’Reilly, E., Köhler, V., Flitsch, S. L., & Turner, N. J. (2011) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c0cc03165h · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Big physics, small doses: the use of AMS and PET in human microdosing of development drugs
Lappin, G., & Garner, R. C. (2003) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd1037 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Charman, S. A., Segrave, A. M., Edwards, G. A., & Porter, C. J. H. (2000) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6017(200002)89:2 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Experimental and Computational Screening Models for the Prediction of Intestinal Drug Absorption
Stenberg, P., Norinder, U., Luthman, K., & Artursson, P. (2001) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm001101a · Cited by 253 · see citing works
ADME/PK as part of a rational approach to drug discovery
Eddershaw, P. J., Beresford, A. P., & Bayliss, M. K. (2000) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/s1359-6446(00)01540-3 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Liu, D., Zhang, H., Fontana, F., Hirvonen, J. J., & Santos, H. A. (2017) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2017.08.003 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Cheng, A., & Merz, K. M. (2003) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm020266b · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Physicochemical Properties of Pharmaceutical Co-Crystals: A Case Study of Ten AMG 517 Co-Crystals
Stanton, M. K., & Bak, A. (2008) · Crystal Growth & Design · doi:10.1021/cg800173d · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Applying Mechanisms of Chemical Toxicity to Predict Drug Safety
Guengerich, F. P., & MacDonald, J. S. (2007) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/tx600260a · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Comparison of Electrospun and Extruded Soluplus®-Based Solid Dosage Forms of Improved Dissolution
Nagy, Z. K., Balogh, A., Vajna, B., Farkas, A., Patyi, G., Kramarics, Á., & Marosi, G. (2011) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1002/jps.22731 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Metabolism and Toxicity of Drugs. Two Decades of Progress in Industrial Drug Metabolism
Baillie, T. A. (2007) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/tx7002273 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Perrut, M., Jung, J., & Leboeuf, F. (2004) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.09.007 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
High speed electrospinning for scaled-up production of amorphous solid dispersion of itraconazole
Nagy, Z. K., Balogh, A., Démuth, B., Pataki, H., Vígh, T., Szabó, B., Molnár, K., Schmidt, B. T., Horák, P., Marosi, G., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.01.025 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Miners, J. O., Smith, P. A., Sorich, M. J., McKinnon, R. A., & Mackenzie, P. I. (2004) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121546 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Drug permeation in biomembranes
Mälkiä, A., Murtomäki, L. S., Urtti, A. O., & Kontturi, K. (2004) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2004.05.009 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Pharmaceutical Amorphous Nanoparticles
Jog, R., & Burgess, D. J. (2016) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2016.09.014 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Toxicogenomics and drug discovery: will new technologies help us produce better drugs?
Ulrich, R. G., & Friend, S. H. (2002) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd710 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
The pivotal role of hepatocytes in drug discovery
Soars, M. G., McGinnity, D. F., Grime, K., & Riley, R. J. (2006) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2006.11.002 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Nanocrystals as a master key to deliver hydrophobic drugs via multiple administration routes
McGuckin, M. B., Wang, J., Ghanma, R., Qin, N., Palma, S. D., Donnelly, R. F., & Paredes, A. J. (2022) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.012 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Prediction of intestinal absorption: comparative assessment of gastroplus™ and idea™
Parrott, N., & Lavé, T. (2002) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0928-0987(02)00132-x · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics in drug research
Panchagnula, R. (2000) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00344-6 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Nanoformulation and encapsulation approaches for poorly water-soluble drug nanoparticles
Wais, U., Jackson, A. W., He, T., & Zhang, H. (2015) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/c5nr07161e · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Vandecruys, R., Peeters, J., Verreck, G., & Brewster, M. E. (2007) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.05.006 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Lav??, T., Coassolo, P., & Reigner, B. (1999) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-199936030-00003 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic simulation modelling
Grass, G. M., & Sinko, P. J. (2002) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(02)00013-3 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
In silico prediction of ADME and pharmacokinetics
Boobis, A. R., Gundert‐Remy, U., Kremers, P. G., Macheras, P. E., & Pelkonen, O. (2002) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0928-0987(02)00185-9 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Interspecies scaling and comparisons in drug development and toxicokinetics
Ings, R. M. J. (1990) · Xenobiotica · doi:10.3109/00498259009046839 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Optimization of metabolic stability as a goal of modern drug design
Thompson, T. N. (2001) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.1017 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Drug discovery effectiveness from the standpoint of therapeutic mechanisms and indications
Shih, H.-P., Zhang, X., & Aronov, A. M. (2017) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd.2017.194 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Martins, J. P., Torrieri, G., & Santos, H. A. (2018) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1080/17425247.2018.1446936 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Rajman, I., Knapp, L., Morgan, T. M., & Masimirembwa, C. M. (2017) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.02.017 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Gao, Y., Wang, Y., Ma, Y., Yu, A., Cai, F.-H., Shao, W., & Zhai, G. (2009) · Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces · doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.03.005 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Use of Hepatocytes to Assess the Contribution of Hepatic Uptake to Clearance in Vivo
Soars, M. G., Grime, K., Sproston, J. L., Webborn, P. J. H., & Riley, R. J. (2007) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.106.014464 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Mandagere, A. K., Thompson, T. N., & Hwang, K. (2001) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm010152k · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Yang, Y., Engkvist, O., Llinàs, A., & Chen, H. (2012) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm201548z · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Applications of Epithelial Cell Culture in Studies of Drug Transport
Tavelin, S., Gråsjö, J., Taipalensuu, J., Ocklind, G., & Artursson, P. (2003) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1385/1-59259-185-x:233 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Chemoinformatics – predicting the physicochemical properties of 'drug-like' molecules
Blake, J. F. (2000) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/s0958-1669(99)00062-2 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Lau, Y. Y., Sapidou, E., Cui, X., White, R. E., & Cheng, K.-C. (2002) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.30.12.1446 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Transport Characteristics of Fexofenadine in the Caco-2 Cell Model
Petri, N., Tannergren, C., Rungstad, D., & Lennernäs, H. (2004) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/b:pham.0000036913.90332.b1 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Walker, D. K. (2004) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02194.x · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Drug Design—Past, Present, Future
Doytchinova, I. A. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27051496 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
REDUCTION OFN-HYDROXYLATED COMPOUNDS: AMIDOXIMES (N-HYDROXYAMIDINES) AS PRO-DRUGS OF AMIDINES
Clement, B. (2002) · Drug Metabolism Reviews · doi:10.1081/dmr-120005643 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
In Silico Prediction of Caco‐2 Cell Permeability by a Classification QSAR Approach
Pham‐The, H., González‐Álvarez, I., Bermejo, M., Sanjuan, V. M., Centelles, I., Garrigues, T., & Cabrera‐Pérez, M. Á. (2011) · Molecular Informatics · doi:10.1002/minf.201000118 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Development of predictive pharmacokinetic simulation models for drug discovery
Norris, D. A., Leesman, G. D., Sinko, P. J., & Grass, G. M. (2000) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00232-1 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Ansede, J. H., & Thakker, D. R. (2003) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1002/jps.10545 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Masimirembwa, C. M., Otter, C. A., Berg, M., Jönsson, M., Leidvik, B., Jonsson, E., Johansson, T., Bäckman, A., Edlund, A., & Andersson, T. B. (1999) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1016/s0090-9556(24)15034-9 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Wu, J., & Ho, P. C. (2006) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2006.05.002 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Basavaraj, S., & Betageri, G. V. (2014) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2013.12.003 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Liu, R., Sun, H., & So, S. (2001) · Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences · doi:10.1021/ci010290i · Cited by 104 · see citing works
McConnell, O. J., Bach, A., Balibar, C. J., Byrne, N., Cai, Y., Carter, G., Chlenov, M. A., Di, L., Fan, K. Y., Goljer, I., et al. (2007) · Chirality · doi:10.1002/chir.20399 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Investigating the human metabolism of acetaminophen using UPLC and exact mass oa-TOF MS
Johnson, K. A., & Plumb, R. S. (2005) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2005.04.048 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
High-throughput screening approaches for investigating drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics
Roberts, S. (2001) · Xenobiotica · doi:10.1080/00498250110060978 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Janiszewski, J. S., Rogers, K. J., Whalen, K. M., Cole, M. J., Liston, T. E., Duchoslav, E., & Fouda, H. G. (2001) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac0013251 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
A Physiologic Model for Simulating Gastrointestinal Flow and Drug Absorption in Rats
Willmann, S., Schmitt, W., Keldenich, J., & Dressman, J. (2003) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1023/b:pham.0000003373.72652.c0 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Rashid, U., Sultana, R., Shaheen, N., Hassan, S. F., Yaqoob, F., Ahmad, M. J., Iftikhar, F., Sultana, N., Asghar, S., Yasinzai, M., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.022 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Human embryonic stem cells: Current technologies and emerging industrial applications
Améen, C., Strehl, R., Björquist, P., Lindahl, A. H., Hyllner, J., & Sartipy, P. (2007) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2007.06.012 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Pharmaceutical applications of cyclodextrins and their derivatives
Dhiman, P., & Bhatia, M. (2020) · Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s10847-020-01029-3 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Niwa, T., Miura, S., & Danjo, K. (2010) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.12.013 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
ADME-Space: a new tool for medicinal chemists to explore ADME properties
Bocci, G., Carosati, E., Vayer, P., Arrault, A., Lozano, S., & Cruciani, G. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06692-0 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Xue, C., Zhang, R., Liu, H., Yao, X., Liu, M., Hu, Z., & Fan, B. (2004) · Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences · doi:10.1021/ci049820b · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Smith, N. F., Raynaud, F. I., & Workman, P. (2007) · Molecular Cancer Therapeutics · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0324 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Grime, K., Barton, P., & McGinnity, D. F. (2012) · Molecular Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1021/mp300476z · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Choi, G.-W., Lee, Y.-B., & Cho, H.-Y. (2019) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics11040168 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
“One of the main reasons associated with the termination of drug development is inappropriate pharmacokinetic (PK) properties in humans [1].”
BackgroundKhan, T., Ahmad, R., Azad, I., Raza, S., Joshi, S., & Khan, A. R. (2018) · Computational Biology and Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.05.008 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Combes, R. D., Berridge, T., Connelly, J. C., Eve, M. D., Garner, R. C., Toon, S., & Wilcox, P. (2003) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0928-0987(03)00040-x · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Okawara, M., Hashimoto, F., Todo, H., Sugibayashi, K., & Tokudome, Y. (2014) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.06.032 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Theoretical Predictions of Drug Absorption in Drug Discovery and Development
Stenberg, P., m, C. A. S. B., Luthman, K., & Artursson, P. (2002) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200241110-00005 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling of Disposition of Epiroprim in Humans
Luttringer, O., Theil, F., Poulin, P., Schmitt‐Hoffmann, A. H., Guentert, T. W., & Lavé, T. (2003) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1002/jps.10461 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Olson, H. M., Betton, G. R., Stritar, J. A., & Robinson, D. E. (1998) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00261-6 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Nano-amorphous spray dried powder to improve oral bioavailability of itraconazole
Kumar, S., Shen, J., & Burgess, D. J. (2014) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.059 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Lau, Y. Y., Chen, Y., Liu, T., Li, C., Cui, X., White, R. E., & Cheng, K. (2004) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1016/s0090-9556(24)02976-3 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Bioanalysis in drug discovery and development
Pandey, S., Pandey, P. M., Tiwari, G., & Tıwarı, R. (2010) · Pharmaceutical Methods · doi:10.4103/2229-4708.72223 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Dai, W., Pollock‐Dove, C., Dong, L. C., & Li, S. (2007) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2007.10.017 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Azad, I., Nasibullah, M., Khan, T., Hassan, F., & Akhter, Y. (2018) · Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.02.013 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
(2004) · PubMed · Cited by 66 · see citing works
- Authors
- Prentis, R., Lis, Y., & Walker, Sr.
- Venue
- British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1988-03
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 387-396
- ISSN
- 0306-5251 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2125
- PMC
- PMC1386364
- OpenAlex
- W2117753715
- Cited by
- 471
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 8.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Historical Medical Research and Treatments
- Keywords
- pharmaceutical innovation, new chemical entities, drug development, drug development time, patent life, drug discontinuation, anti-infective agents, antiallergic drugs, central nervous system drugs, cardiovascular drugs
- MeSH terms
- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical, Drug Industry, United Kingdom, Humans, Research
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review