Review series on helminths, immune modulation and the hygiene hypothesis: Mechanisms underlying helminth modulation of dendritic cell function
Open accessAbstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in activating CD4 T (T helper, Th) cells. As a component of their response to pathogen-associated stimuli, DCs produce cytokines and express surface molecules that provide important cues to modulate the effector functions of responding Th cells. Much is known of how DCs respond to, and influence immune response outcome to, bacterial and viral pathogens. However, relatively little is understood about how DCs respond to helminth parasites. This is an area of considerable interest since it impacts our understanding of the initiation of Th2 responses, which are stereotypically associated with helminth infections, and the regulation of allergic and autoimmune pathologies which evidence suggests are less severe or absent in individuals infected with helminths. This review attempts to summarize our understanding of the effects of helminth products on dendritic cell biology.
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Th1 and Th2 phenotypes are predominantly related to susceptibility and protection, respectively.
“In the case of Th1 and Th2 phenotypes, they are predominantly related to susceptibility and protection, respectively [56].”
From Emergent and Neglected Equine Filariosis in Egypt: Species Diversity and Host Immune Response (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
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Emergent and Neglected Equine Filariosis in Egypt: Species Diversity and Host Immune Response
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- Authors
- Carvalho, L., Sun, J., Kane, C., Marshall, F., Krawczyk, C., & Pearce, E. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Virginia (US)
- Merck Canada Inc. (Canada) (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Carvalho, Lucas
- Venue
- Immunology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-12-08
- Volume
- 126
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 28-34
- ISSN
- 0019-2805 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2567
- PMC
- PMC2632707
- OpenAlex
- W1977906608
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI053825, AI53825)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Keywords
- helminths, dendritic cells, immunomodulation, hygiene hypothesis, Th2 immune response, CD4+ T cells, allergic diseases, autoimmune disease, cytokine production, helminthiasis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antigens, Helminth, Dendritic Cells, Helminthiasis, Helminths, Host-Parasite Interactions, Humans, Hygiene, Th2 Cells, Toll-Like Receptors, Mice
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