Cited by 2,862Immune Response and InflammationImmune responses and vaccinationsInvertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms

Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune response

Medzhitov, Ruslan·2007·Nature

Abstract

The mammalian immune system has innate and adaptive components, which cooperate to protect the host against microbial infections. The innate immune system consists of functionally distinct 'modules' that evolved to provide different forms of protection against pathogens. It senses pathogens through pattern-recognition receptors, which trigger the activation of antimicrobial defences and stimulate the adaptive immune response. The adaptive immune system, in turn, activates innate effector mechanisms in an antigen-specific manner. The connections between the various immune components are not fully understood, but recent progress brings us closer to an integrated view of the immune system and its function in host defence.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nature06246

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Authors
Medzhitov, R.
Affiliations
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Medzhitov, Ruslan
Venue
Nature
Published
2007-10-17
Volume
449
Issue
7164
Pages
819-826
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2114216755
Cited by
2,862
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 79 · 2025: 102 · 2024: 123 · 2023: 132 · 2022: 156 · 2021: 161 · 2020: 157 · 2019: 145 · 2018: 146 · 2017: 144 · 2016: 151 · 2015: 134 · 2014: 177 · 2013: 173 · 2012: 192
FWCI
13.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
Keywords
innate immunity, adaptive immunity, pattern recognition receptors, microbial identification, antimicrobial defense, immune activation, innate-adaptive immune interaction
MeSH terms
Animals, Bacteria, Humans, Immunity, Active, Immunity, Innate, Host-Pathogen Interactions

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