Grounded theory research: literature reviewing and reflexivity
Abstract
Aim This paper is a report of a discussion of the arguments surrounding the role of the initial literature review in grounded theory. Background Researchers new to grounded theory may find themselves confused about the literature review, something we ourselves experienced, pointing to the need for clarity about use of the literature in grounded theory to help guide others about to embark on similar research journeys. Discussion The arguments for and against the use of a substantial topic-related initial literature review in a grounded theory study are discussed, giving examples from our own studies. The use of theoretically sampled literature and the necessity for reflexivity are also discussed. Reflexivity is viewed as the explicit quest to limit researcher effects on the data by awareness of self, something seen as integral both to the process of data collection and the constant comparison method essential to grounded theory. Conclusion A researcher who is close to the field may already be theoretically sensitized and familiar with the literature on the study topic. Use of literature or any other preknowledge should not prevent a grounded theory arising from the inductive-deductive interplay which is at the heart of this method. Reflexivity is needed to prevent prior knowledge distorting the researcher's perceptions of the data.
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There is an ongoing controversial debate about conducting a literature review in Grounded Theory Methodology.
“there is an ongoing controversial debate about conducting a literature review in GTM (Charmaz, 2006; McGhee et al. 2007; Dunne, 2011).”
From Dealing with Literature Review and Epistemological Underpinnings in Grounded Theory Methodology (2022) · cites this paper as McGhee et al. 2007
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- Authors
- McGhee, G., Marland, G. R., & Atkinson, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- Corresponding author
- McGhee, Gerry
- Venue
- Journal of Advanced Nursing
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-09-28
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 334-342
- ISSN
- 0309-2402 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2648
- OpenAlex
- W2162791924
- Cited by
- 374
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 41.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Advanced Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Methodologies in Health Research and Practice
- Keywords
- grounded theory, reflexivity, theoretical sampling, researcher effects, constant comparison, researcher self-awareness, nursing research methodology
- MeSH terms
- Health Services Research, Humans, Nursing Theory, Nursing Methodology Research
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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