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Executive function in adolescents with Down Syndrome
Abstract
Background The present work is aimed at analysing executive function (EF) in adolescents with Down Syndrome (DS). So far, EF has been analysed mainly in adults with DS, showing a pattern of impairment. However, less is known about children and adolescents with this syndrome. Studying adolescents with DS might help us better understand whether performances on EF tasks of individuals with DS are determined by age or by Alzheimer disease, as some studies suggest, or whether their performances are directly related to DS cognitive profile. Method A battery of EF tasks assessing set shifting, planning/problem-solving, working memory, inhibition/perseveration and fluency, as well as a tasks assessing sustained attention has been administered to a group of 15 adolescents with DS and 15 typically developing children matched for mental age. All EF tasks were selected from previous studies with individuals with intellectual disabilities or from developmental literature and are thought to be useful for the samples considered. Results The present results revealed that the group of individuals with DS performed at a significantly lower level on tasks assessing set shifting, planning/problem-solving, working memory and inhibition/perseveration, but not on the tasks assessing fluency. In addition, individuals with DS demonstrated a greater number of errors and less strategy use for the sustained attention task. Conclusions The results suggest a broad impairment in EF in adolescents with DS,…
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“This is in agreement both with previous studies showing that DS children manifest learning and memory problems in late infancy which often worsen in adolescence (Koo et al., 1992; Lanfranchi et al., 2010) and with post-mortem studies that show reduced myelin content (Abraham et al., 2012; Wisniewski, 1990; Wisniewski and Schmidt-Sidor, 1989) and fewer oligodendrocytes in DS striatum (Karlsen and P”
From Down Syndrome Developmental Brain Transcriptome Reveals Defective Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelination (2016) · cites this paper as Lanfranchi et al., 2010
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“It presents as a range of impairments including predominant deficits in executive functioning and memory (Vicari et al., 2005, 2000; Lanfranchi et al., 2010; Costanzo et al., 2013; Grieco et al., 2015).”
From Neurodevelopment in Down syndrome: Concordance in humans and models (2022) · cites this paper as Lanfranchi et al., 2010
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“…studies showing that DS children manifest learning and memory problems in late infancy, which often worsen in adolescence (Koo et al., 1992; Lanfranchi et al., 2010), and with postmortem studies that show reduced myelin content (Ábrahám et al., 2012; Wisniewski, 1990; Wisniewski and…”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lanfranchi, S., Jerman, O., Dal Pont, E., Alberti, A., & Vianello, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Padua (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Lanfranchi, S.
- Venue
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-03-20
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 308-319
- ISSN
- 0964-2633 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2788
- OpenAlex
- W2132167906
- Cited by
- 308
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 13.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- executive function, Down syndrome, adolescents, set-shifting, planning and problem solving, working memory, inhibition, perseveration, fluency, sustained attention, intellectual disability, cognitive profile
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cognition Disorders, Down Syndrome, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Severity of Illness Index, Executive Function
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