Effects of long work hours and poor sleep characteristics on workplace injury among full-time male employees of small- and medium-scale businesses: Work hours, sleep and workplace injury
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long work hours and poor sleep characteristics on workplace injury. A total of 1891 male employees, aged 18-79 years (mean 45 years), in 296 small- and medium-scale businesses in a suburb of Tokyo were surveyed by means of a self-administered questionnaire during August-December 2002. Work hours and sleep characteristics, including daily sleep hours, subjective sleep sufficiency, sleep quality and easiness to wake up in the morning, were evaluated. Information on workplace injury in the past 1-year period was self-reported. The risk of workplace injury associated with work hours and poor sleep was estimated using multivariate logistic regression with odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals as measures of associations. Compared with those working 6-8 h day(-1) with good sleep characteristics, positive interactive effects for workplace injury were found between long work hours (>8-10 h day(-1) or >10 h day(-1) ) and short sleep duration (<6 h) [adjusted OR (aOR), 1.27-1.54], subjective insufficient sleep (aOR, 1.94-1.99), sleep poorly at night (aOR, 2.23-2.49) and difficulty waking up in the morning (aOR, 1.56-1.59). Long work hours (aOR, 1.31-1.48), subjective insufficient sleep (aOR, 1.49) and sleeping poorly at night (aOR, 1.72) were also independently associated with workplace injury. This study suggests that long work hours coupled with poor sleep characteristics are synergistically associated with increased risk of workplace injury. Greater attention should be paid to manage/treat poor sleep and reduce excessive work hours to improve safety at the workplace.
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As globalization and technology penetrate society, sleep-related beliefs and practices can change, including longer working hours, shift work, and discouraging naps.
“As globalization and technology penetrate society, sleep-related beliefs and practices can change, including the provision of longer working hours,113–120 shift work,121–124 and discouraging otherwise culturally appropriate naps.125–127”
From Sleep, Health, and Society (2017) · cites this paper as [120]
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- Authors
- NAKATA, A.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Corresponding author
- NAKATA, AKINORI
- ORCID
- NAKATA, AKINORI
- Venue
- Journal of Sleep Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-02-07
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 576-584
- ISSN
- 0962-1105 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2161505742
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sleep Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Radiological and Ultrasound Technology › Occupational Health and Safety Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Keywords
- long working hours, sleep characteristics, occupational injuries, occupational safety, sleep duration, sleep quality, male employees
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Commerce, Humans, Japan, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep Deprivation, Work Schedule Tolerance, Young Adult, Occupational Injuries
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