Low serum HDL‐cholesterol levels are associated with long symptom duration in patients with major depressive disorder
Open accessAbstract
Aims: The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the association between depression and the serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) is modified by symptom duration. Methods: Depressed patients (n = 88) and an age‐ and sex‐matched group of healthy general population controls (n = 88) underwent a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID), and depressed participants reported the duration of their symptoms. The serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), HDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), triglycerides (TG) and non‐HDL, and the ratios of LDL‐C/HDL and TC/HDL‐C were assessed. Results: Major depressive disorder (MDD) subjects with a long symptom duration (≥3 years) had lower levels of HDL‐C compared with healthy controls or MDD subjects with a symptom duration <3 years. The likelihood for long symptom duration doubled for each 0.5‐mmol/L decrease in HDL‐C levels in regression models adjusted for age, gender, marital status, overweight, symptom severity, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical exercise, medication use, and non‐HDL‐C (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that a low serum HDL‐C level, a risk factor for coronary heart disease, is specifically associated with long‐term depressive symptomatology.
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Low HDL cholesterol is associated with poorer MDD prognosis.
“This is in keeping with another small case-control study which found an association between low HDL cholesterol and poorer MDD prognosis73.”
From Comorbidity between major depressive disorder and physical diseases: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, mechanisms and management (2023) · cites this paper as [73]
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- Authors
- Lehto, S. M., Niskanen, L., Tolmunen, T., Hintikka, J., Viinamäki, H., Heiskanen, T., Honkalampi, K., Kokkonen, M., & Koivumaa‐Honkanen, H.
- Affiliations
- Kuopio University Hospital (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Lehto, Soili M.
- Venue
- Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-05-18
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 279-283
- ISSN
- 1323-1316 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1819
- OpenAlex
- W1914757906
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Kuopion Yliopistollinen Sairaala
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, HDL cholesterol, serum lipids, symptom duration, long-term depression, LDL/HDL ratio, triglycerides, non-HDL cholesterol, coronary heart disease risk
- MeSH terms
- Cholesterol, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Triglycerides
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