Populations of hippocampal inhibitory neurons express different levels of cytochrome c
Abstract
Cytochrome c (CC) immunoreactivity was quantified in functionally distinct rat hippocampal inhibitory neuron populations using double immunocytochemistry and laser scanning confocal microscopy to measure the CC expression level as well as the amount of mitochondria within the cells, which is a sign of neuronal activity. The CC signal showed a similar distribution to cytochrome c oxidase histochemical staining. Strongly stained somata, dendrites and axon terminal clouds were dispersed over the low intensity neuropil staining. The staining was granular and electron microscopic investigation confirmed that the signal was localized in mitochondria. Intensively labeled neurons, showing the morphological features of inhibitory cells, were most frequently found in the principal cell layers, stratum oriens of the CA1–3 areas, stratum lucidum and hilus. These neurons contained not only a higher number of mitochondria than the principal cells but the intensity of the mitochondrial staining was evidently stronger. Among the examined interneuronal populations, parvalbumin‐immunoreactive neurons were intensively labeled for CC. Calbindin D28k‐ (CB), somatostatin‐ and cholecystokinin‐labeled cells showed heterogeneous CC levels, whereas calretinin‐immunoreactive cells never showed a strong CC signal. CB cells in stratum oriens and alveus layers, lucidum and the hilus were strongly labeled for CC. CB cells in such regions are known to project to the medial septum and contain somatostatin. We have demonstrated that the CA1 interneurons that project to the medial septum (hippocampo‐septal neurons) express a high level of CC. Thus, similar to the parvalbumin‐containing basket and axo‐axonic cells, the hippocampo‐septal neurons potentially have a high average activity level.
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A substantial amount of cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase supports the high bioenergetic needs of PV-INs, but cytochrome c is also central to apoptosis induction.
“A substantial quantity of cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase supports the high bioenergetic needs of PV-INs [81,85], but comes at a price as cytochrome c is also central to the induction of apoptosis [86].”
From Parvalbumin interneuron vulnerability and brain disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [85]
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- Authors
- Gulyás, A. I., Buzsáki, G., Freund, T. F., & Hirase, H.
- Affiliations
- HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine (HU)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Hirase, Hajime
- Venue
- European Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-05
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2581-2594
- ISSN
- 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
- 1460-9568
- OpenAlex
- W2089609935
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 0.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Hungarian Scientific Research Fund
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH054671, MH54671)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS30549)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- cytochrome c, hippocampal interneurons, mitochondrial activity, parvalbumin, calbindin-D28k, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, calretinin, medial septum, CA1, basket cells, axo-axonic cells, neuronal activity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Electron Transport Complex IV, Hippocampus, Immunohistochemistry, Interneurons, Male, Mitochondria, Microscopy, Confocal, Cytochromes c, Rats
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