Calcium-binding protein (calbindin-D28K) and parvalbumin immunocytochemistry in the normal and epileptic human hippocampus.
Abstract
The calcium‐binding proteins calbindin‐D28K (CaBP) and parvalbumin (PV) were localized in the “normal” and “epileptic” human hippocampus to address the possible relationship between the expression of these constitutive cytosolic calcium‐binding proteins and the resistance or selective vulnerability of different hippocampal neuron populations in temporal lobe epilepsy. Compared to rodents and a baboon ( Papio papio ), the pattern of CaBP‐like immunoreactivity (LI) in the “normal” human hippocampus is unique. CaBP‐LI is present in the dentate granule cells, neurons of the “resistant zone” (area CA2), and presumed interneurons of all regions. Unlike rodent and baboon CA1 pyramidal cells, human CA1 pyramidal cells appear to be devoid of CaBP‐LI. Thus, the relatively resistant dentate granule cells and CA2 pyramidal cells are the only human hippocampal principal cells that contain CaBP‐LI normally. As in lower mammals, PV‐LI is present exclusively in interneurons of all human hippocampal subregions. CaBP‐ and PV‐LI were localized in hippocampi surgically removed in the treatment of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy to determine whether surviving hippocampal cells were those that express these calcium‐binding proteins. Hippocampi removed from patients with tumors or arteriovenous malformations that were associated with complex partial seizures arising from this region appeared relatively normal histologically. CaBP‐ and PV‐LI in this patient group appeared similar to that seen in autopsy controls. Conversely, “cryptogenic” epileptics, who exhibit hippocampal sclerosis as the only lesion associated with the epilepsy, exhibited a preferential survival of hippocampal cells that were CaBP‐ or PV‐immunoreactive. In the dentate hilus, which normally contains few CaBP‐LI neurons, most of the few surviving hilar neurons were CaBP‐immunoreactive. Their number and darkness of staining suggests that CaBP synthesis may be increased in cells that survive. Despite an obvious decrease of PV‐LI specifically in the damaged parts of the sclerotic hippocampi, PV‐immunoreactive interneurons were often among the few surviving cells. Nevertheless, large expanses of the surviving granule cell layer appeared to have lost the PV‐immunoreactive axosomatic fiber plexus. These results reveal a unique and striking correlation between the human hippocampal cells that normally express these calcium‐binding proteins and those that survive in the sclerotic epileptic hippocampus.
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Analysis of post-mortem human brain tissues demonstrated reduced PV cell density and immunoreactivity at epileptic foci in the hippocampus and neocortex.
“Analysis of post-mortem human brain tissues demonstrated reduced PV cell density and immunoreactivity at epileptic foci in the hippocampus and neocortex (Sloviter et al., 1991; Ferrer et al., 1994; Andrioli et al., 2007).”
From The Perineuronal ‘Safety’ Net? Perineuronal Net Abnormalities in Neurological Disorders (2018) · cites this paper as Sloviter et al., 1991
Epilepsy and prion disease are among other disorders associated with alterations in PV-INs.
“Epilepsy [63,64] and prion disease [65] are among other disorders that are associated with alterations in PV-INs.”
From Parvalbumin interneuron vulnerability and brain disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
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- Authors
- Sloviter, R. S., Sollas, A. L., Barbaro, N. M., & Laxer, K. D.
- Affiliations
- New York State Department of Health (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1991-06-15
- Volume
- 308
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 381-396
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- OpenAlex
- W2072648531
- Semantic Scholar
- f5fd95ae0f455c333152f81068245b21495c2179
- Cited by
- 349
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 16.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS18201, R01NS018201)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Keywords
- calbindin-D28k, parvalbumin, calcium-binding proteins, human hippocampus, temporal lobe epilepsy, hippocampal sclerosis, dentate gyrus granule cells, interneurons, neuronal survival, immunoreactivity, complex partial seizures, arteriovenous malformation, dentate hilus
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Epilepsy, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parvalbumins, Calbindins, S100 Calcium Binding Protein G, Calbindin 1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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