Compatible solute biosynthesis in cyanobacteria
Abstract
Compatible solutes are a functional group of small, highly soluble organic molecules that demonstrate compatibility in high amounts with cellular metabolism. The accumulation of compatible solutes is often observed during the acclimation of organisms to adverse environmental conditions, particularly to salt and drought stress. Among cyanobacteria, sucrose, trehalose, glucosylglycerol and glycine betaine are used as major compatible solutes. Interestingly, a close correlation has been discovered between the final salt tolerance limit and the primary compatible solute in these organisms. In addition to the dominant compatible solutes, many strains accumulate mixtures of these compounds, including minor compounds such as glucosylglycerate or proline as secondary or tertiary solutes. In particular, the accumulation of sucrose and trehalose results in an increase in tolerance to general stresses such as desiccation and high temperatures. During recent years, the biochemical and molecular basis of compatible solute accumulation has been characterized using cyanobacterial model strains that comprise different salt tolerance groups. Based on these data, the distribution of genes involved in compatible solute synthesis among sequenced cyanobacterial genomes is reviewed, and thereby, the major compatible solutes and potential salt tolerance of these strains can be predicted. Knowledge regarding cyanobacterial salt tolerance is not only useful to characterize strain-specific adaptations to ecological niches, but it can also be used to generate cells with increased tolerance to adverse environmental conditions for biotechnological purposes.
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Low molecular weight carbohydrates (trehalose and glucosyl-glycerol) are found in A. platensis and are part of the total carbohydrates.
“Additionally, some low molecular weight carbohydrates (trehalose and glucosyl-glycerol) can be found [58] and are also part of the total carbohydrates.”
From Arthrospira platensis as a Feasible Feedstock for Bioethanol Production (2021) · cites this paper as [58]
In A. platensis, one of the main solutes produced to mitigate osmotic pressure is trehalose, glucosyl-glycerol, and glucosyl-glycerate.
“In Arthrospira platensis, one of the main solutes produced to mitigate osmotic pressure is the production of trehalose, glucosyl-glycerol, and glucosyl-glycerate.”
From Arthrospira platensis as a Feasible Feedstock for Bioethanol Production (2021) · cites this paper as [58]
High salt concentrations generate two major problems for living systems: low water potential results in loss of water accumulating osmotically-active compounds, and high ionic strength results in continuous influx of inorganic ions (mainly Na+ and Cl−).
“High salt concentrations generate two major problems for living systems: first, low water potential results in a loss of water accumulating osmotically-active compounds, and second, the high ionic strength of the surrounding medium results in a continuous influx of inorganic ions (mainly Na + and Cl -) [58].”
From Arthrospira platensis as a Feasible Feedstock for Bioethanol Production (2021) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Klähn, S., & Hagemann, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Rostock (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hagemann, Martin
- Venue
- Environmental Microbiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-11-05
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 551-562
- ISSN
- 1462-2912 (ISSN-L)
- 1462-2920
- OpenAlex
- W1882272649
- Cited by
- 268
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Keywords
- osmolytes, cyanobacteria, salt tolerance, trehalose, sucrose, betaine, glucosylglycerol, proline, desiccation tolerance, drought stress, salt stress, stress acclimation, cyanobacterial genome
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Cyanobacteria, Betaine, Glucosides, Proline, Sucrose, Trehalose, Salt Tolerance
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