Scavenger receptors: role in innate immunity and microbial pathogenesis
Open accessAbstract
Accumulating evidence shows that many scavenger receptors (SR), including SR-A, MARCO and CD36, represent an important part of the innate immune defence by acting as pattern-recognition receptors, in particular against bacterial pathogens. Several SR are expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells, where they act as phagocytic receptors mediating non-opsonic phagocytosis of pathogenic microbes. Another important function of some SR is to act as co-receptors to Toll-like receptors (TLR), modulating the inflammatory response to TLR agonists. On bacteria, the SR ligands have commonly been reported to be lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid, but recent advances in the field indicate that bacterial surface proteins play a more important role as target molecules for SR than previously thought. Interestingly, recent data show that major pathogens, including Streptococcus pyogenes and the group B streptococcus, have evolved mechanisms to evade SR-mediated recognition. Moreover, intracellular pathogens, such as hepatitis C virus and Plasmodium falciparum, utilize the SR to gain entry into host cells, focusing interest on the importance of SR also in the molecular pathogenesis of infectious diseases. This review highlights the complex interactions between SR and pathogenic microbes, and discusses the role of these interactions in host defence and microbial pathogenesis.
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Microglia express receptors that enable phagocytosis or endocytosis of apoptotic cells, protein aggregates, and lipoprotein particles, including scavenger receptors, LDL receptor family members, and TAM receptors.
“Microglia also express several families of receptors that enable phagocytosis or endocytosis of apoptotic cells, protein aggregates, and lipoprotein particles. These receptors include scavenger receptors, such as CD36, SR1, and MARCO (20); LDL receptor family members, such as LDLR, ApoER2, and VLDL (21); and three receptor tyrosine kinases, Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk (TAM) (22).”
From Microglia Function in the Central Nervous System During Health and Neurodegeneration (2017) · cites this paper as [20]
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- Authors
- Areschoug, T., & Gordon, S.
- Affiliations
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Areschoug, Thomas
- Gordon, Siamon
- ORCID
- Gordon, Siamon
- Venue
- Cellular Microbiology
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2009-08
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1160-1169
- ISSN
- 1462-5814 (ISSN-L)
- 1462-5822
- OpenAlex
- W1980213997
- Cited by
- 317
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 9.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cellular Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Anna-Greta Crafoords Stiftelse för Reumatologisk Forskning
- Svenska Sällskapet för Medicinsk Forskning
- Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapet i Lund
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Biomarkers in Disease Mechanisms
- Keywords
- scavenger receptors, innate immunity, pattern recognition receptors, macrophages, dendritic cells, lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid, bacterial surface proteins, pathogen evasion, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, hepatitis C virus, Plasmodium falciparum, intracellular pathogens, microbial pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacterial Proteins, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Mononuclear Phagocyte System, Streptococcal Infections, Streptococcus, Virulence, Receptors, Scavenger, Host-Pathogen Interactions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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