Cited by 545Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchChild and Animal Learning DevelopmentVisual Attention and Saliency Detection

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Impaired disengagement of attention in young children with autism

Landry, Reginald, Bryson, Susan E.·2004·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00304.x

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Abstract

Background: The present study examined the disengage and shift operations of visual attention in young children with autism. Methods: For this purpose, we used a simple visual orienting task that is thought to engage attention automatically. Once attention was first engaged on a central fixation stimulus, a second stimulus was presented on either side, either simultaneously or successively. Latency to begin an eye movement to the peripheral stimulus served as the main dependent measure. The two stimulus conditions (simultaneous and successive) provided independent measures of disengaging and shifting attention, respectively. Performance of children with autism was compared to that of children with Down syndrome and a normal group. Results: The main finding was that relative to both comparison groups, children with autism had marked difficulty in disengaging attention. Indeed, on 20% of trials they remained fixated on the first of two competing stimuli for the entire 8‐second trial duration. Evidence is also provided for a more subtle problem in executing rapid shifts of attention. Conclusions: Our findings on disengagement in autism parallel those reported in normal 2‐month‐olds, in whom attention has been described as ‘obligatory’. Discussion focuses on the potential role of general versus domain‐specific processes in producing some of the core features of autism.

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“…the difficulties of visual exploration in ASD is related to the presence of an attention visual impairment that is present from the early stages of visual input processing (Bryson et al., 2004; Landry and Bryson, 2004; Elsabbagh and Johnson, 2007; Elsabbagh et al., 2013; Sacrey et al., 2013).”
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“…on sustained attention has been conducted on NT children, yet children with ASD have been shown to take longer to look away from an object on which they are visually engaged (Landry & Bryson, 2004; Zwaigenbaum et al., 2005), which could impact their performance on sustained attention tasks.”
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Application of Robotics in Autistic Students: A Pilot Study on Attention in Communication and Social Interaction
Lorenzo, G., Lorenzo-Lledó, A., & Cerdá, A. G. (2024) · Technology Knowledge and Learning · doi:10.1007/s10758-023-09718-x · Cited by 5
“Furthermore, the ability to pay attention to objects that were presented quickly was studied (Landry & Bryson, 2004).”
Gesture Imitation Performance and Visual Exploration in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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“Finally, their third proposition is related to difficulties in attention shifting between social and non-social stimuli that have been reported in ASD (Bryson et al., 2008; Landry & Bryson, 2004).”
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“Could a general deficit in establishing abstract categories [Dawson & Lewy, 1989; Landry & Bryson, 2004] have selectively disadvantaged the identification of animate objects in the HFA group?”
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“…1997); Ito (1993); Johnson (1994, 1995); Kagan (1981); Kanner (1943); Kolb and Whinshaw (1996); Lainer, Lainer, and Dow (1989); Lakoff (1987); Landry and Bryson (2004); Luft (1969); Mundy (1995), Ozonoff , Pennington, and Rogers (1991); Padrón 1996), Perner (1991); Piaget (1983); Pinker…”
Method
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“Research on attentional functioning in autism has revealed dif ﬁ culties in shifting attention (Landry & Bryson, 2004), widening of attention from local to global information (Mann & Walker, 2003) and processing multiple features from visual scenes (O ’ Hearn et al., 2011).”
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“For example, Landry and Bryson (2004) found that “Children with autism had marked difficulty in disengaging attention.”
Background
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“Based on previous evidence to support delayed attentional disengagement in ASC [8,14,15,27], we also predicted that the ASC group would show differences in disengagement from fixated CI-related items compared to non-CIrelated items.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Visual Processing in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from Embedded Figures and Configural Superiority Tests
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“2013), disengaging attention (Landry and Bryson 2004) or filtering out irrelevant distracters (Burack 1994; Christ et al.”
BackgroundInfluential
Joint attention revisited: examining heterogeneity among children with autism
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“…although the existing gap-overlap research in autistic populations has included individuals with intellec - tual impairments (Kawakubo et al., 2007; Landry & Bryson, 2004), few studies have recruited this group specifically, and many exclude them entirely, leaving important limita - tions in our…”
Influential
Quicker Exogenous Orienting and Slower Endogenous Orienting in Autistic People
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“Although irregular attention disengagement in ASD has previously been reported (e.g., R. Landry & Bryson, 2004), this study is the first to use non-social rule-based cues, providing strong support that inefficient disen - gagement in autistic people is related to irregular voluntary attention.”
Visual statistical learning in preverbal infants at a higher likelihood of autism and its association with later social communication skills
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“Inability to disengage attentional capacities has been frequently reported in autism (e.g., Landry & Bryson, 2004).”
Background
Difficulty of crossmodal processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: An audio-visual gap/overlap paradigm study
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The role of eye contact in young children’s judgments of others’ visibility: A comparison of preschoolers with and without autism spectrum disorder
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Impaired motor and social skill development in infancy predict high autistic traits in toddlerhood
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Authors: Landry, R., & Bryson, S. E.
Affiliations: Cape Breton Regional Hospital (CA)
Dalhousie University (CA)
Venue: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2004-07-19
Volume: 45
Issue: 6
Pages: 1115-1122
ISSN: 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
1469-7610
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00304.x
OpenAlex: W2115529264
Cited by: 545
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 39
FWCI: 7.40
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P01 HD 35466, P01HD035466)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, attentional disengagement, attentional shift, visual attention, young children, Down syndrome, visual orienting, eye movement latency
MeSH terms: Attention, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Down Syndrome, Female, Fixation, Ocular, Humans, Male, Reaction Time, Temperament, Visual Perception, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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Impaired disengagement of attention in young children with autism

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