Cited by 1,185Arsenic contamination and mitigationSilicon Effects in AgricultureChromium effects and bioremediation

Arsenic uptake and metabolism in plants

Open access
Zhao, F. J., Ma, J. F., Meharg, A. A., McGrath, S. P.·2009·New Phytologist

Abstract

Summary Arsenic (As) is an element that is nonessential for and toxic to plants. Arsenic contamination in the environment occurs in many regions, and, depending on environmental factors, its accumulation in food crops may pose a health risk to humans. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of As uptake and metabolism in plants is reviewed here. Arsenate is taken up by phosphate transporters. A number of the aquaporin nodulin26‐like intrinsic proteins (NIPs) are able to transport arsenite, the predominant form of As in reducing environments. In rice ( Oryza sativa ), arsenite uptake shares the highly efficient silicon (Si) pathway of entry to root cells and efflux towards the xylem. In root cells arsenate is rapidly reduced to arsenite, which is effluxed to the external medium, complexed by thiol peptides or translocated to shoots. One type of arsenate reductase has been identified, but its in planta functions remain to be investigated. Some fern species in the Pteridaceae family are able to hyperaccumulate As in above‐ground tissues. Hyperaccumulation appears to involve enhanced arsenate uptake, decreased arsenite‐thiol complexation and arsenite efflux to the external medium, greatly enhanced xylem translocation of arsenite, and vacuolar sequestration of arsenite in fronds. Current knowledge gaps and future research directions are also identified. Contents Summary 777 I. Introduction 777 II. Mechanisms of arsenic uptake and efflux 778 III. Rhizosphere interactions 782 IV. Arsenic metabolism in planta 783 V. Long‐distance translocation of arsenic 786 VI. Arsenic hyperaccumulation 788 VII. Conclusions 788 Acknowledgements 789 References 789

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02716.x

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  • Overexpression of NIP genes might be responsible for transporting As from roots to the xylem vessels in Pteris vitata.

    “The overexpression of NIP genes might be responsible for transporting As from roots to the xylem vessels in Pteris vitata (Zhao et al., 2009).”

    From Plant hyperaccumulators: a state-of-the-art review on mechanism of heavy metal transport and sequestration (2025) · cites this paper as Zhao et al., 2009

    The Arsenite uptake section says NIP proteins can transport arsenite, which makes the proposed mechanism plausible. But it does not report NIP-gene overexpression in Pteris vittata or implicate NIPs in transport from its roots to the xylem. The Conclusions state that transporters moving arsenite toward the xylem outside rice had yet to be identified (page numbers unavailable in our copy). (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Wenzel WW, Brandstetter A, Wutte H, Lombi E, Prohaska T, Stingeder G, Adriano DC. 2002. Arsenic in field-collected soil solutions and extracts of contaminated soils and its implication to soil standards. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science-Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernahrung und Bodenkunde 165: 221-228.

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Authors
Zhao, F. J., Ma, J. F., Meharg, A. A., & McGrath, S. P.
Affiliations
  • Rothamsted Research (GB)
  • Okayama University (JP)
  • University of Aberdeen (GB)
Corresponding author
  • Zhao, F. J.
  • Ma, J. F.
Venue
New Phytologist
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2008-12-16
Volume
181
Issue
4
Pages
777-794
ISSN
  • 0028-646X (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-8137
OpenAlex
W2111882653
Cited by
1,185
References
152
Citations by year
2026: 56 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 68 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 109 · 2020: 97 · 2019: 75 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 78 · 2016: 81 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 69 · 2013: 68 · 2012: 57
FWCI
2.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • New Phytologist (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Rothamsted Repository (Rothamsted Repository) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
  • Rothamsted Repository (Rothamsted Repository) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
  • Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
  • Directorate for Biological Sciences
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/F004184/1)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Arsenic contamination and mitigation
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Silicon Effects in Agriculture
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chromium effects and bioremediation
Keywords
arsenic uptake, arsenic metabolism, arsenate transport, phosphate transporters, arsenate reductase, xylem transport, arsenic hyperaccumulation, vacuolar sequestration, rhizosphere interactions, rice
MeSH terms
Arsenic, Biological Transport, Phosphates, Plants, Plant Roots, Aquaporins, Phloem, Rhizosphere

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