The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A systematic review of the clinimetric properties of neuromotor assessments for preterm infants during the first year of life
Open accessAbstract
This systematic review evaluates assessments used to discriminate, predict, or evaluate the motor development of preterm infants during the first year of life. Eighteen assessments were identified; nine met the inclusion criteria. The Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development ‐ Version III, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales ‐ Version 2, Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP), and Toddler and Infant Motor Examination have good discriminative validity when examined in large populations. The AIMS, Prechtl's Assessment of General Movements (GMs), Neuro Sensory Motor Development Assessment (NSMDA), and TIMP were designed for preterm infants and are able to detect more subtle changes in movement quality. The best predictive assessment tools are age dependent: GMs, the Movement Assessment of Infants, and TIMP are strongest in early infancy (age 4mo or less) and the AIMS and NSMDA are better at older ages (8‐12mo). The TIMP is the only tool that has demonstrated a difference between groups in response to intervention in two randomized controlled trials. The AIMS, TIMP, and GMs demonstrated the highest levels of overall reliability (interrater and intrarater intraclass correlation coefficient or κ>0.85). Selection of motor assessment tools during the first year of life for infants born preterm will depend on the intended purpose of their use for discrimination, prediction, and/or evaluation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“New international clinical practice guidelines exist for identifying infants at high risk of cerebral palsy (CP) earlier: between 12 to 24 weeks corrected age, significantly earlier than previous diagnosis windows in Australia at 19 months.”
From Early Parenting Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ‘Early PACT’ for parents of infants with cerebral palsy: a study protocol of a randomised controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as [4]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires
McDowell, I., & Newell, C. (1987) · Cited by 4,207
Measuring change over time: assessing the usefulness of evaluative instruments.
Guyatt, G., Walter, S. D., & Norman, G. (1987) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(87)90069-5 · Cited by 1,997
A methodological framework for assessing health indices
Kirshner, B., & Guyatt, G. (1985) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(85)90005-0 · Cited by 1,538
Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires
Anderson, J. C. (1997) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199711000-00018 · Cited by 1,534
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Lennon, E. M., Gardner, J. M., Karmel, B. Z., & Flory, M. J. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012370877-9.00018-9 · Cited by 1,011
An early marker for neurological deficits after perinatal brain lesions
Prechtl, H. F. R., Einspieler, C., Cioni, G., Bos, A. F., Ferrari, F., & Sontheimer, D. (1997) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)10182-3 · Cited by 719
Battelle Developmental Inventory
Berls, A. T., & McEwen, I. R. (1999) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/79.8.776 · Cited by 708
Motor Assessment of the Developing Infant
Hurran, C. (1995) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/s0031-9406(05)67120-9 · Cited by 540
Motor Assessment of the Developing Infant
Piper, M. C., & Darrah, J. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 477
Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development
Grymes, J. M. (2016) · The SAGE Encyclopedia of Contemporary Early Childhood Education · doi:10.4135/9781483340333.n34 · Cited by 364
Construction and validation of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS).
Piper, M. C., Pinnell, L., Darrah, J., Maguire, T. O., & Byrne, P. J. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 346
Darrah, J., Piper, M., & Watt, M. (1998) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1998.tb15399.x · Cited by 314
Qualitative changes of general movements in preterm infants with brain lesions
Ferrari, F., Cioni, G., & Prechtl, H. F. R. (1990) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/0378-3782(90)90013-9 · Cited by 290
Cioni, G., Ferrari, F., Bos, A. F., Prechtl, H. F. R., & Einspieler, C. (2008) · Mac Keith Press eBooks · Cited by 249
Patterns of motor disability in very preterm children
Bracewell, M. A., & Marlow, N. (2002) · Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/mrdd.10049 · Cited by 227
Early gross motor development of preterm infants according to the Alberta Infant Motor Scale
van Haastert, I. C., de Vries, L. S., Helders, P. J. M., & Jongmans, M. J. (2006) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.07.025 · Cited by 196
Construct Validity of the Test of Infant Motor Performance
Campbell, S. K., Kolobe, T. H. A., Osten, E. T., Lenke, M. C., & Girolami, G. L. (1995) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/75.7.585 · Cited by 189
Cioni, G., Ferrari, F., Einspieler, C., Paolicelli, P. B., Barbani, T., & Prechtl, H. F. R. (1997) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(97)80010-8 · Cited by 182
Developmental screen or developmental testing?
Johnson, S. J., & Marlow, N. (2006) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.01.008 · Cited by 160
Neurodevelopmental follow-up after preterm birth: follow up after two years
Salt, A., & Redshaw, M. (2006) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2005.12.015 · Cited by 158
History and description of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Lester, B. M., & Tronick, E. Z. (2004) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.113.s2.634 · Cited by 154
Alberta Infant Motor Scale: Reliability and Validity When Used on Preterm Infants in Taiwan
Jeng, S., Yau, K. T., Chen, L., & Hsiao, S.-F. (2000) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/80.2.168 · Cited by 149
Effect of a developmental program on motor performance in infants born preterm
Lekskulchai, R., & Cole, J. H. (2001) · Australian Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60264-6 · Cited by 145
General Movements Detect Early Signs of Hemiplegia in Term Infants with Neonatal Cerebral Infarction
Guzzetta, A., Mercuri, E. M., Rapisardi, G., Ferrari, F., Roversi, M., Cowan, F. M., Rutherford, M., Paolicelli, P. B., Einspieler, C., Boldrini, A., et al. (2003) · Neuropediatrics · doi:10.1055/s-2003-39597 · Cited by 141
Campbell, S. K., Kolobe, T. H. A., Wright, B. D., & Linacre, J. M. (2002) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1017/s0012162201002043 · Cited by 139
Intra-individual stability of rate of gross motor development in full-term infants
Darrah, J., Redfern, L., Maguire, T. O., Beaulne, A. P., & Watt, J. M. (1998) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/s0378-3782(98)00028-0 · Cited by 127
Reliability of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI)
Berg, M., Jahnsen, R. B., Frøslie, K. F., & Hussain, A. (2004) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics · doi:10.1300/j006v24n03_05 · Cited by 126
Cioni, G., Prechtl, H. F. R., Ferrari, F., Paolicelli, P. B., Einspieler, C., & Roversi, M. F. (1997) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/s0378-3782(97)00094-7 · Cited by 124
Wang, C.-H. J., McGlynn, E. A., Brook, R. H., Leonard, C. H., Piecuch, R. E., Hsueh, S. I., & Schuster, M. A. (2006) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2005-1904 · Cited by 119
Early Neurological Signs in Preterm Infants with Unilateral Intraparenchymal Echodensity
Cioni, G., Bos, A. F., Einspieler, C., Ferrari, F., Martijn, A., Paolicelli, P. B., Rapisardi, G., Roversi, M. F., & Prechtl, H. F. R. (2000) · Neuropediatrics · doi:10.1055/s-2000-9233 · Cited by 107
Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics
STOCKMAN, J. A. (2000) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-200004000-00008 · Cited by 106
Cameron, E., Maehle, V., & Reid, J. E. (2005) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/01.pep.0000163073.50852.58 · Cited by 102
Assessment of motor development and function in preschool children
Tieman, B. L., Palisano, R. J., & Sutlive, A. C. (2005) · Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/mrdd.20074 · Cited by 102
Spontaneous motility in preterm, small-forgestational age infants II. Qualitative aspects
Bos, A. F., van Loon, A. J., Hadders‐Algra, M., Martijn, A., Okken, A., & Prechtl, H. F. R. (1997) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/s0378-3782(97)00098-4 · Cited by 99
Campbell, S. K., Kolobe, T. H. A., Wright, B. D., et al. (2002) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00802.x · Cited by 90
Girolami, G. L., & Campbell, S. K. (1994) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/00001577-199400640-00002 · Cited by 78
Kolobe, T. H. A., Bulanda, M., & Susman, L. (2004) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/84.12.1144 · Cited by 76
Examination of the Item Structure of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale
Liao, P.-J. M., & Campbell, S. K. (2004) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/01.pep.0000114843.92102.98 · Cited by 67
Quality of general movements in preterm infants with transient periventricular echodensities
Bos, A. F., Martijn, A., Okken, A., & Prechtl, H. F. R. (1998) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01447.x · Cited by 66
Injury and repair in developing brain: Figure 1
Vaccarino, F. M., & Ment, L. R. (2004) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/adc.2003.043661 · Cited by 64
The Neuro-sensory Motor Developmental Assessment Part 1: Development and Administration of the Test
BURNS, Y. R., ENSBEY, R. M., & Norrie, M. A. (1989) · Australian Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60503-1 · Cited by 64
How normal is variable, or how variable is normal?
Touwen, B. C. L. (1993) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/0378-3782(93)90035-s · Cited by 63
Flegel, J., & Kolobe, T. H. A. (2002) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/82.8.762 · Cited by 63
Barbosa, V. M., Campbell, S. K., Sheftel, D., Singh, J., & Beligere, N. (2003) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics · doi:10.1080/j006v23n03_02 · Cited by 61
The neuromotor examination of the preschool child and its prognostic significance
Hadders‐Algra, M. (2005) · Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/mrdd.20069 · Cited by 59
Hadders‐Algra, M. (2001) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/00001577-200104000-00005 · Cited by 57
Neurologic evaluation of the newborn infant: definition and psychometric properties
Majnemer, A., & Mazer, B. L. (1998) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1998.tb12332.x · Cited by 55
Bartlett, D. J., & Fanning, J. E. K. (2003) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics · doi:10.1080/j006v23n04_03 · Cited by 55
Test-Retest Reliability of the Test of Infant Motor Performance
Campbell, S. K. (1999) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/00001577-199901120-00002 · Cited by 52
Reliability of Observational Measures of the Movement Assessment of Infants
Harris, S. R., Haley, S. M., Tada, W. L., & Swanson, M. W. (1984) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/64.4.471 · Cited by 51
The Ecological Relevance of the Test of Infant Motor Performance Elicited Scale Items
Murney, M. E., & Campbell, S. K. (1998) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/78.5.479 · Cited by 50
Zuk, L., Harel, S., Leitner, Y., & Fattal‐Valevski, A. (2004) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/088307380401900103011 · Cited by 47
Interrater Reliability of Early Intervention Providers Scoring the Alberta Infant Motor Scale
Blanchard, Y., Neilan, E., Busanich, J., Garavuso, L., & Klimas, D. (2004) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/01.pep.0000113272.34023.56 · Cited by 47
Predictive Validity of the ???Movement Assessment of Infants???
Harris, S. R., Swanson, M. W., Andrews, M. S., Sells, C. J., Robinson, N. M., Bennett, F. C., & Chandler, L. S. (1984) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-198412000-00009 · Cited by 42
Swanson, M. W., Bennett, F. C., Shy, K. K., & Whitfield, M. F. (1992) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1992.tb11436.x · Cited by 41
Concurrent Validity of the Test of Infant Motor Performance with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale
Campbell, S. K., & Kolobe, T. H. A. (2000) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/00001577-200001210-00002 · Cited by 40
Persson, K., & Strömberg, B. (1995) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/0378-3782(95)01678-3 · Cited by 37
Early detection of cerebral palsy: sensitivity and specificity of two motor assessment tools.
Harris, S. R. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 33
The Neuro-Sensory Motor Developmental Assessment Part II: Predictive and Concurrent Validity
BURNS, Y. R., ENSBEY, R. M., & Norrie, M. A. (1989) · Australian Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60504-3 · Cited by 31
Concurrent Validity of the Test of Infant Motor Performance with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale
Campbell, S. K., & Kolobe, T. H. A. (2000) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/00001577-200012010-00002 · Cited by 28
Connors, J., O'Callaghan, M. J., BURNS, Y. R., Gray, P. H., Tudehope, D., Mohay, H. A., & Rogers, Y. (1999) · Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1754.1999.00309.x · Cited by 26
de Kleine, M. J. K., der Sanden, M. W. G. N., & den Ouden, A. L. (2006) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1080/08035250500525301 · Cited by 26
van Kranen-Mastenbroek, V. H. J. M., van Oostenbrugge, R. J., Palmans, L. J., Stevens, A., Kingma, H., Blanco, C. E., Hasaart, T. H. M., & Vles, J. S. H. (1992) · Brain and Development · doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(12)80145-8 · Cited by 26
Analysis of Current Motor Development Theory and Recently Published Infant Motor Assessments
Case‐Smith, J. (1996) · Infants & Young Children · doi:10.1097/00001163-199607000-00005 · Cited by 26
Waters, E. B., & Maher, E. (2004) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470987384.ch11 · Cited by 24
Variation and “abnormality”: Recognizing the differences
Rosenbaum, P. (2006) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.08.030 · Cited by 23
The Neurological Assessment of the Preterm & Full-Term Newborn Infant
Dubowitz, L. M. S., Dubowitz, V., & Mercuri, E. M. (1999) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 21
Jacobs, R. R., Cabral, H., Beeghly, M., Brown, E. R., & Frank, D. A. (2004) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/01.pep.0000145931.87152.co · Cited by 19
Bartlett, D. J., & Fanning, J. K. (2003) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics · doi:10.1300/j006v23n04_03 · Cited by 17
Review of Two Recently Published Measurement Tools
Long, T. M., & Tieman, B. L. (1998) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/00001577-199801020-00004 · Cited by 15
Rahlin, M., Rheault, W., & Cech, D. J. (2003) · Pediatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/01.pep.0000083080.76458.78 · Cited by 12
Posture and Fine Motor Assessment of Infants
Case‐Smith, J., & Bigsby, R. (2000) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t15151-000 · Cited by 12
Screening for Movement Dysfunction in Infancy
Chandler, L. S. (1986) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics · doi:10.1080/j006v06n03_08 · Cited by 3
DeGangi, G. A. (1995) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics · doi:10.1080/j006v14n03_06 · Cited by 2
Hussey, R. G. (2002) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/82.11.1144 · Cited by 2
Screening for Movement Dysfunction in Infancy
Chandler, L. S. (1986) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics · doi:10.1300/j006v06n03_08 · Cited by 2
DeGangi, G. A. (1995) · Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics · doi:10.1300/j006v14n03_06 · Cited by 1
Research works printed but not linked: 11
- Folio MR, 2000, Peabody Developmental Scales
- Campbell SK., 2001, The Test of Infant Motor Performance: Test User's Manual Version 1.4
- Miller LJ, 1994, The TIME Toddler and Infant Motor Evaluation: A Standardized Assessment
- Chandler LS, 1980, Movement Assessment of Infants: A Manual
- Campbell SK., 2005, The Test of Infant Motor Performance
- Knobloch H, 1987, Manual of Developmental Diagnosis: the Adminstration and Interpretation of the Revised Gesell and Amartuda Developmental and Neurologic Examination
- Griffiths R., 1970, The Abilities of Young Children: A Comprehensive System of Mental Measurement for the First Eight Years
- Frankenburg WK, 1990, Denver II
- Swanson M W., 1989, Neuromotor assessment of low‐birth weight infants with normal developmental outcome, Dev Med Child Neurol, 31, 27
- Bayley N., 1969, Bayley Scales of Infant Development
- Bayley N., 1993, The Bayley Scales of Infant Development
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Novak, I., Morgan, C., Adde, L., Blackman, J., Boyd, R. N., Brunstrom-Hernandez, J., Cioni, G., Damiano, D., Darrah, J., Eliasson, A.-C., et al. (2017) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.1689 · Cited by 1,721
Self-citationClinical Prognostic Messages from a Systematic Review on Cerebral Palsy
Novak, I., Hines, M., Goldsmith, S., & Barclay, R. (2012) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2012-0924 · Cited by 608
A systematic review of tests to predict cerebral palsy in young children
Bosanquet, M., Copeland, L., Ware, R., & Boyd, R. (2013) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.12140 · Cited by 518
Self-citationMcIntyre, S., Morgan, C., Walker, K., & Novak, I. (2011) · Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/ddrr.1106 · Cited by 304
The complex aetiology of cerebral palsy
Korzeniewski, S. J., Slaughter‐Acey, J., Lenski, M., Haak, P., & Paneth, N. (2018) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-018-0043-6 · Cited by 272
Metadata
- Authors
- Spittle, A. J., Doyle, L. W., & Boyd, R. N.
- Affiliations
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute (AU)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Venue
- Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-01-08
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 254-266
- ISSN
- 0012-1622 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8749
- OpenAlex
- W2095499440
- Cited by
- 372
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2008-09-17)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council (284512)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Keywords
- preterm infants, neuromotor assessment, motor development, clinimetric properties, discriminant validity, predictive validity, inter-rater reliability, Alberta Infant Motor Scale, Test of Infant Motor Performance, General Movements Assessment, Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, first year of life
- MeSH terms
- Brain Damage, Chronic, Cerebral Palsy, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Diseases, Male, Movement Disorders, Neurologic Examination, Prognosis, Psychomotor Disorders, Reproducibility of Results
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
