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Cited by 905Gender and Feminist StudiesSocial and Intergroup PsychologyGender Roles and Identity Studies

Hostile and Benevolent Sexism: Measuring Ambivalent Sexist Attitudes Toward Women

Glick, Peter, Fiske, Susan T.·1997·Psychology of Women Quarterly
DOI 10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00104.x
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Abstract

A theory of sexism as ambivalence, not just hostility, toward women is presented. Ambivalent Sexism Theory distinguishes between hostile and “ benevolent” sexism (each addresses issues of power, gender differentiation, and sexuality). Benevolent sexism encompasses subjectively positive (for the sexist) attitudes toward women in traditional roles: protective paternalism, idealization of women, and desire for intimate relations. Hostile sexism encompasses the negative equivalents on each dimension: dominative paternalism, derogatory beliefs, and heterosexual hostility. Both forms of sexism serve to justify and maintain patriarchy and traditional gender roles. The validity of a measure of these constructs, the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), is reviewed. Comparisons are offered between the ASI and other measures of sexist attitudes (e.g., the AWS), with suggestions for the proper domains of different scales.

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  • The normative protection of women from men is sometimes described as chivalry and other times as benevolent sexism or paternalism.

    “The normative protection of women from men is sometimes described as chivalry and other times described as benevolent sexism or paternalism (e.g.,Felson, 2002;Glick & Fiske, 1996).”

    From Rape or Homicide: Which Is Worse? (2024) · cites this paper as Glick & Fiske, 1996

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Authors
Glick, P., & Fiske, S. T.
Affiliations
  • Lawrence University (US)
  • University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
Corresponding author
Glick, Peter
ORCID
Venue
Psychology of Women Quarterly
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
1997-03
Volume
21
Issue
1
Pages
119-135
ISSN
  • 0361-6843 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-6402
DOI
10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00104.x
OpenAlex
W1560493239
Cited by
905
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 47 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 105 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 15
FWCI
18.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
Psychology of Women Quarterly (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Roles and Identity Studies
Keywords
ambivalent sexism, hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, patriarchy, gender roles, idealization of women, gender attitudes

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