Subjective Response to Alcohol Among Alcohol‐Dependent Individuals: Effects of the Mu‐Opioid Receptor (OPRM1) Gene and Alcoholism Severity
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BACKGROUND: Subjective response to alcohol has been examined as a marker of alcoholism risk. The A118G single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) gene has been previously associated with subjective response to alcohol in heavy drinkers. This study seeks to extend the literature by examining the effect of OPRM1 genotype on responses to alcohol in a sample of alcohol-dependent individuals. A secondary aim of this study is to examine alcoholism severity as a predictor of subjective responses to alcohol. METHODS: Nontreatment seeking problem drinkers (n = 295) were assessed in the laboratory for clinical dimensions of alcohol dependence. Following prospective genotyping, 43 alcohol-dependent individuals across the 2 genotype conditions (AA, n = 23 and AG/GG, n = 20) were randomized to 2 intravenous infusion sessions: 1 of alcohol (target breath alcohol concentration = 0.06 g/dl) and 1 of saline. Measures of subjective responses to alcohol were administered in both infusion sessions. RESULTS: Alcohol-dependent G-allele carriers reported greater alcohol-induced stimulation, vigor, and positive mood, as compared to A-allele homozygotes. There was no genotype effect on alcohol-induced sedation or craving. There was a statistical trend-level severity × alcohol interaction such that individuals at higher levels of severity reported greater alcohol-induced tension reduction. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that OPRM1 genotype moderates the hedonic effects of alcohol, but not the sedative and unpleasant effects of alcohol, in a sample of alcohol-dependent patients. Results are discussed in light of a clinical neuroscience framework to alcoholism.
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The results support prior work showing high alcohol-induced stimulation, reward, and craving in heavy drinkers or alcoholics as well as low alcohol-induced sedation and cortisol in other at-risk drinkers.
“The results support prior work showing high alcohol-induced stimulation, reward, and craving in heavy drinkers or alcoholics(33, 79, 80) as well as low alcohol-induced sedation and cortisol in other at-risk drinkers(81).”
From A Prospective 5-Year Re-examination of Alcohol Response in Heavy Drinkers Progressing in Alcohol Use Disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Ray, L. A., Bujarski, S., MacKillop, J., Courtney, K. E., Monti, P. M., & Miotto, K.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Georgia (US)
- Brown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ray, Lara A.
- Venue
- Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-12-14
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- s1
- Pages
- E116-24
- ISSN
- 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-0277
- PMC
- PMC3548029
- OpenAlex
- W2134187282
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 4.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R03AA019569, K23AA016936, K05AA019681)
- National Center for Research Resources ((M01 RR00865), M01RR000865)
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, Los Angeles
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- subjective response to alcohol, mu-opioid receptor, OPRM1, A118G polymorphism, alcoholism, alcoholism severity, alcohol craving, tension reduction, genetic susceptibility to alcoholism, problem drinkers
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Alcoholism, Female, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, Severity of Illness Index, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Young Adult
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