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Cited by 365Sleep and related disordersObstructive Sleep Apnea ResearchSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

Sleep disturbance, psychosocial correlates, and cardiovascular disease in 5201 older adults: The cardiovascular health study

Newman, Anne B., Enright, Paul L., Manolio, Teri A., Haponik, Edward F., Wahl, Patricia W., On behalf of the Cardiovascular Health Study Research Group·1997·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb00970.x
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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence of self reported sleep disturbances in older men and women and to describe their relationships with health status and cardiovascular disease (CVD). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of sleep disturbance, CVD, general health, psychosocial factors, physical function, and use of psychotropic medications. SETTING: Participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study, 5201 adults aged 65 and older recruited from a random sample of noninstitutionalized Medicare enrollees in four US communities. MEASURES: Self-reported sleep disturbances and standardized questionnaires for cardiopulmonary symptoms and diseases, depression, social support, activities of daily living, physical activity, cognitive function, and current medications, spirometry, ECG, echocardiography, and carotid ultrasound. RESULTS: Women were twice as likely as men to report difficulty falling asleep (30% vs 14%). Daytime sleepiness, difficulty falling asleep, and frequent awakenings increased in prevalence with age. All symptoms were related strongly to depression. Symptoms of daytime sleepiness were also related strongly to poor health and limitations in activities of daily living in men and women. In multivariate analysis, men taking benzodiazepines were likely to report difficulty falling asleep and daytime sleepiness, whereas women taking benzodiazepines reported difficulty falling asleep and waking up too early. After accounting for these factors, the only cardiovascular disease independently associated with sleep disturbances was angina. Men and women with confirmed angina were 1.6 times more likely to report trouble falling asleep. Independent relationships between sleep disturbances and cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, smoking, and diabetes were relatively weak and inconsistent, though smokers were less likely to report frequent awakenings. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep disturbances are relatively common in older men and women and are associated with poor health, depression, angina, limitations in activities of daily living, and the use of benzodiazepines.

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  • The different relationships between problems with sleep onset, maintenance, and negative affect reported here stand in contrast to studies which find that both sleep onset and sleep maintenance problems are related to negative affect.

    “Indeed, the different relationships between problems with sleep onset, maintenance, and negative affect reported here stands in contrast to studies which find that both sleep onset and sleep maintenance problems are related to negative affect [96–100].”

    From A structural equation model of the relationship between insomnia, negative affect, and paranoid thinking (2017) · cites this paper as [98]

  • Sleep durations longer or shorter than 7-8 hours in a 24-hour period are associated with cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors, depression, automobile and workplace accidents, learning and memory problems, and excess mortality.

    “Sleep duration is associated with cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors, depression, automobile and workplace accidents, and prospective mortality.”

    From Sleep Duration in the United States: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study (2009) · cites this paper as [6]

  • Non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity, low levels of socioeconomic status, depression, and cardiovascular disease and diabetes are associated with both long and short sleep duration.

    “our results show that non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity (23), low levels of socioeconomic status (7,35), depression (6, 7), and cardiovascular disease and diabetes (1, 2) are associated with both long and short sleep duration.”

    From Sleep Duration in the United States: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study (2009) · cites this paper as [6]

  • Self-reported sleep duration reliably predicts prospective mortality and other health outcomes.

    “self-reported sleep duration reliably predicts prospective mortality and other health outcomes (1-7, 13-18).”

    From Sleep Duration in the United States: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study (2009) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Newman, A. B., Enright, P. L., Manolio, T. A., Haponik, E. F., Wahl, P. W., & On behalf of the Cardiovascular Health Study Research Group
Affiliations
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • University of Arizona (US)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (US)
  • Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author
Newman, Anne B.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1997-01
Volume
45
Issue
1
Pages
1-7
ISSN
  • 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-5415
DOI
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb00970.x
OpenAlex
W1980398586
Cited by
365
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 16
FWCI
16.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 6690 d)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (n01hc085079-024)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01-HC85079)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords
sleep disorders, older adults, cardiovascular disease, daytime sleepiness, difficulty falling asleep, depression, benzodiazepines, angina pectoris, activities of daily living, psychosocial factors, sex differences, cardiovascular risk factors, Cardiovascular Health Study
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Psychotropic Drugs, Surveys and Questionnaires, Random Allocation, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Sleep Wake Disorders, Social Support, United States, Geriatric Assessment, Prevalence

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