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Prognostic Significance of Potential Frailty Criteria
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the independent prognostic effect of seven potential frailty criteria, including five from the Fried phenotype, on several adverse outcomes. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Greater New Haven, Connecticut. PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred fifty‐four initially nondisabled, community‐living persons aged 70 and older. MEASUREMENTS: An assessment of seven potential frailty criteria (slow gait speed, low physical activity, weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms) was completed at baseline and every 18 months for 72 months. Participants were followed with monthly telephone interviews for up to 96 months to determine the occurrence of chronic disability, long‐term nursing home (NH) stays, injurious falls, and death. RESULTS: In analyses adjusted for age, sex, race, education, number of chronic conditions, and the presence of the other potential frailty criteria, three of the five Fried criteria (slow gait speed, low physical activity, and weight loss) were independently associated with chronic disability, long‐term NH stays, and death. Slow gait speed was the strongest predictor of chronic disability (hazard ratio (HR)=2.97, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.32–3.80) and long‐term NH stay (HR=3.86, 95% CI=2.23–6.67) and was the only significant predictor of injurious falls (HR=2.19, 95% CI=1.33–3.60). Cognitive impairment was also associated with chronic disability (HR=1.82, 95% CI=1.40–2.38), long‐term NH stay (HR=2.64, 95% CI=1.75–3.99), and death (HR=1.54, 95% CI=1.13–2.10), and the magnitude of these associations was comparable with that of weight loss. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide strong evidence to support the use of slow gait speed, low physical activity, weight loss, and cognitive impairment as key indicators of frailty while raising concerns about the value of self‐reported exhaustion and muscle weakness.
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“Nonetheless, despite these criticisms, the general approach of clusters of variables to define a frailty phenotype has been independently validated (73, 74).”
From Frailty in elderly people (2013) · cites this paper as [74]
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BackgroundInfluentialThe Identification of Frailty: A Systematic Literature Review
Sternberg, S. A., Schwartz, A. W., Karunananthan, S., Bergman, H., & Mark Clarfield, A. (2011) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03597.x · Cited by 703
“When disability is left out of the measure of frailty, a tool emerges that aims to identify risk in a population that is functionally independent.(6) Designing interventions to delay the onset of frailty in this population would be analogous to primary prevention (Figure 4).”
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“Nine studies were based on six separate cohort studies that only included participants free of ADL disability at baseline [18,19,23,25,28,29,31,35,42].”
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García-Hermoso, A., Cavero-Redondo, I., Ramírez-Vélez, R., Ruiz, J. R., Ortega, F. B., Lee, D.-C., & Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. (2018) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01.008 · Cited by 609
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“Although some studies have shown a higher risk of institutionalization among frail people [51-53], regarding sarcopenia specifically, no study has currently assessed the relationship between sarcopenia and nursing home admissions [54].”
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Bouillon, K., Mika Kivimaki, B., Hamer, M., Sabia, S., Fransson, E. I., Singh‐Manoux, A., Galé, C. R., & Batty, G. D. (2013) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-13-64 · Cited by 489
“Use of subjective, objective and mixed frailty instruments by type and publication year [68,147,148,174-239].”
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Rethinking the Association of High Blood Pressure With Mortality in Elderly Adults
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“25 HDL-C, mean (SD), mg/dL 54 (16) 54 (18) 53 (17) .”
The Assessment of Frailty in Older Adults
van Kan, G. A., Rolland, Y., Houles, M., Guyonnet, S., Soto, M. E., & Vellas, B. J. (2010) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.cger.2010.02.002 · Cited by 353
“Although the recent analyses, using adapted criteria, predicted similarly poor clinical outcomes like death, hip fracture, disability, and hospitalization, the independent contribution of the 5 frailty items, with the exception of gait speed, to subsequent poor clinical outcomes has not been rigorously evaluated and t…”
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A Prospective Study of Frailty in Nephrology-Referred Patients With CKD
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“Current dialysis access 100 16 (5) 12 (4) 4 (9)”
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Agreement Between 35 Published Frailty Scores in the General Population
Aguayo, G., Donneau, A., Vaillant, M., Schritz, A., Franco, O. H., Stranges, S., Malisoux, L., Guillaume, M., & Witte, D. R. (2017) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwx061 · Cited by 273
“Rothman, 2008 (27) Modified Phenotype of Frailty United States POF CD Continuous 7 7 15.”
BackgroundOxidative stress and frailty: A systematic review and synthesis of the best evidence
Soysal, P., Isik, A. T., Carvalho, A. F., Fernandes, B. S., Solmi, M., Schofield, P., Veronese, N., & Stubbs, B. (2017) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.01.006 · Cited by 252
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“Although there is empirical evidence to suggest that diminished gait speed has greater predictive power in relation to classification of the condition (Purser et al., 2006; Rothman et al., 2008; van Kan et al., 2008), it nonetheless remains the case that reduced grip strength is the most common first manifestation of…”
BackgroundRoshanravan, B., Gamboa, J. L., & Wilund, K. R. (2017) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.01.051 · Cited by 237
An overview of osteoporosis and frailty in the elderly
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Frailty and Chronic Diseases in Older Adults
Weiss, C. O. (2010) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.cger.2010.08.003 · Cited by 228
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Identifying Common Characteristics of Frailty Across Seven Scales
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“Further specific health deficits have been proposed as part of a phenotypic frailty scale, including affect or cognition,(4,5) and some have proposed reducing the phenotype to three or fewer measures.(6) Conversely, the frailty index is based on the cumulative deficit approach.”
Kim, H., Suzuki, T., Kim, M., Kojima, N., Ota, N., Shimotoyodome, A., Hase, T., Hosoi, E., & Yoshida, H. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0116256 · Cited by 219
“Many previous studies have indicated that mobility is a major item in many frailty definitions and appears to predict incident frailty [20].”
BackgroundThe Association Between Geriatric Syndromes and Survival
Kane, R. L., Shamliyan, T., Talley, K. M., & Pacala, J. T. (2012) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.03942.x · Cited by 219
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Epidemiology of Frailty in Older People
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“(8) emphasize the physical condition of the individual as a phenotypic manifestation of frailty (31,32).”
BackgroundGait Variability Is Associated With Frailty in Community-dwelling Older Adults
Montero‐Odasso, M., Muir, S. W., Hall, M., Doherty, T. J., Kloseck, M., Beauchet, O., & Speechley, M. R. (2011) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glr007 · Cited by 195
Frailty and cardiac rehabilitation: A call to action from the EAPC Cardiac Rehabilitation Section
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The Frailty Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review
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“Previous studies have shown that frailty is associated with increased long-term stays in nursing home and increased number of bedridden days before death in community-dwelling older adults [21, 22]; however, data on associations between frailty and use of specific health and community services are lacking in community…”
BackgroundKaeppeli, T., Rueegg, M., Dreher‐Hummel, T., Brabrand, M., Nissen, S. K., Carpenter, C. R., Bingisser, R. M., & Nickel, C. H. (2020) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.03.028 · Cited by 171
Cognitive aspects of frailty: Mechanisms behind the link between frailty and cognitive impairment
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“A study proposed to determine the prognostic effect of different frailty criteria by Rothman et al, showed that using of low physical activity, weight loss, slow gait speed and cognitive impairment were the key indicators for frailty (19).”
Testing an integral conceptual model of frailty
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“It may be that the activities captured on the questionnaire are not appropriate for an older geriatric out-patient clinic population, and another method of assessing activity level, such as the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) may be more appropriate [42].”
MethodDepression and Frailty in Late Life: Evidence for a Common Vulnerability
Lohman, M. C., Dumenci, L., & Mezuk, B. R. (2015) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbu180 · Cited by 158
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“It is recognized, too, as a potentially modifiable vulnerability state and therefore as a major clinical and research focus in geriatric medicine.(2) At this early stage in understanding, several operational definitions of frailty have emerged.”
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Frailty syndrome and associated factors in community-dwelling elderly in Northeast Brazil
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Use of health resources and healthcare costs associated with frailty: The FRADEA study
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“Frailty is a prevalent condition (1, 2) independently associated with relevant adverse healthcare outcomes (3) including mortality (4-10), disability in basic and instrumental activities of daily living (4, 6-7, 9-12), mobility impairment (4, 10), falls (13, 14), hip fracture (6, 13, 14), hospitalization (4, 6, 11, 15…”
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“There is an ongoing discussion about the inclusion of cognitive status in Fried’s phenotype, which has been found to be associated with adverse outcomes of frailty.(17) These results raise some concerns about the validity of Fried’s criteria and suggest that the inclusion of alternative criteria such as cognitive impa…”
The relationship between intervening hospitalizations and transitions between frailty states
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“These modified criteria have strong predictive validity (19).”
BackgroundSelf-citationVulnerability: The Crossroads of Frailty and Delirium
Quinlan, N., Marcantonio, E. R., Inouye, S. K., Gill, T. M., Kamholz, B. A., & Rudolph, J. L. (2011) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03674.x · Cited by 141
“Frailty has been operationalized as a disorder of physical function,(7) but several groups have proposed including cognitive impairment as a frailty criterion.(16,17) Delirium is an acute disorder of cognitive function and may be a cognitive manifestation of frailty, in which the brain is unable to compensate in the s…”
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“The effect of each frailty indicator is adjusted for all of the others, in models also c or DSM-IV dementia diagnosis, ICD-10 depression, number of physical impairments R, Pooled random effect (estimated only in the presence of statistically significant studies that did seek to do this, the effect of handgrip strength…”
BackgroundResultMedication Use and Functional Status Decline in Older Adults: A Narrative Review
Peron, E. P., Gray, S. L., & Hanlon, J. T. (2011) · The American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.amjopharm.2011.10.002 · Cited by 136
Frailty and health related quality of life in older Mexican Americans
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Multimorbidity Patterns, Frailty, and Survival in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
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Frailty among HIV-infected persons in an urban outpatient care setting
Önen, N. F., Agbebi, A., Shacham, E., Stamm, K. E., Önen, A. R., & Overton, E. T. (2009) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2009.08.008 · Cited by 136
Outcomes of hospital admissions among frail older people: a 2-year cohort study
Keeble, E., Roberts, H. C., Williams, C. D., Van Oppen, J., & Conroy, S. P. (2019) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp19x704621 · Cited by 132
Abizanda, P., Romero, L., Sánchez‐Jurado, P. M., Martínez-Reig, M., Gómez-Arnedo, L., & Alfonso, S. A. (2012) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.09.018 · Cited by 129
Strandberg, T. E., Pitkälä, K. H., & Tilvis, R. S. (2011) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.eurger.2011.08.003 · Cited by 134
“Of the Fried phenotype components, shrinking, exhaustion and muscle weakness have been reported to be of less value [54], while slow gait speed (‘‘bradypedia’’) alone may be quick and inexpensive measure of frailty [55].”
Backgroundvan Abbema, R., de Greef, M., Crajé, C., Krijnen, W. P., Hobbelen, H. J. S. M., & van der Schans, C. P. (2015) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-015-0061-9 · Cited by 138
“Background Preferred gait speed has proven to be a strong predictor for adverse health related events in older adults [1].”
BackgroundWang, S., Shamliyan, T., Talley, K. M., Ramakrishnan, R., & Kane, R. L. (2013) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2013.03.007 · Cited by 135
“Slow gait speed and cognitive impairment were the strongest predictors with HR 3.9 and 2.6, respectively (Rothman et al., 2008).”
BackgroundInfluentialMultidimensional structure of the Groningen Frailty Indicator in community-dwelling older people
Bielderman, A., van der Schans, C. P., van Lieshout, M.-R. J., de Greef, M. H., Boersma, F., Krijnen, W. P., & Steverink, N. (2013) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-13-86 · Cited by 127
“A number of frailty assessment instruments have emerged in the last decade [1,9-23].”
BackgroundAnd mortality in older Chinese adults: Results from the Beijing longitudinal study of aging
Fang, X., Shi, J. C., Song, X., Mitnitski, A., Tang, Z., Wang, C., Yu, P., & Rockwood, K. J. (2012) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-012-0368-6 · Cited by 127
Bortone, I., Sardone, R., Lampignano, L., Castellana, F., Zupo, R., Lozupone, M., Moretti, B., Giannelli, G., & Panza, F. (2021) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.12667 · Cited by 132
“especially in co-occurrence of MCI(67,69,70) and long-term hospital stay.(36) Four studies showed that there was a main effect of gait impairment for predicting mortality and dependence in different settings.”
BackgroundFallah, N., Mitnitski, A., Searle, S. D., Gahbauer, E. A., Gill, T. M., & Rockwood, K. J. (2011) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03300.x · Cited by 125
“Mobility is a major item in many frailty definitions and appears to predict incident frailty.(28) The objective of the current study was to investigate how changes in frailty status and mortality risk depend on baseline mobility performance, age, and sex.”
BackgroundSelf-citationPatient frailty: the elephant in the operating room
Hubbard, R. E., & Story, D. (2013) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/anae.12490 · Cited by 124
“Nevertheless, slow gait speed has been used in isolation as a marker of frailty, is the strongest predictor among Fried’s criteria of chronic disability and institutionalisation, and is the only significant predictor of injury from falls [25].”
BackgroundIs Frailty a Prodromal Stage of Vascular Dementia? Results From the T hree‐ C ity S tudy
Ávila‐Funes, J. A., Carcaillon‐Bentata, L., Helmer, C., Carrière, I., Ritchie, K. A., Rouaud, O., Tzourio, C., Dartigues, J., & Amieva, H. (2012) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04142.x · Cited by 126
Musculoskeletal health, frailty and functional decline
Milte, R., & Crotty, M. (2014) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1016/j.berh.2014.07.005 · Cited by 125
Impairments in mobility and balance in relation to frailty
Davis, D. H. J., Rockwood, M. R. H., Mitnitski, A. B., & Rockwood, K. J. (2010) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2010.06.013 · Cited by 123
“It is consistent with the finding that mobility impairment and frailty are highly associated and that the former may be part of a useful screen for the latter (Rothman et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2009).”
BackgroundConceptual Models of Frailty: Accumulation of Deficits
Rockwood, K. J. (2016) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2016.03.020 · Cited by 118
The predictive properties of frailty-rating scales in the acute medical unit
Wou, F., Gladman, J. R. F., Bradshaw, L. E., Franklin, M. K., Edmans, J., & Conroy, S. (2013) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/aft055 · Cited by 116
“Five frailty-rating scales were tested, including the models proposed by Fried (CHS model) [8], Ensrud (SOF model) [14], Rothman [15], Ávila-Funes [16] and a frailty index (FI) [17].”
MethodLiu, Y., Zhang, G., Tarolli, C. G., Hristov, R., Jensen-Roberts, S., Waddell, E. M., Myers, T. L., Pawlik, M. E., Soto, J., Wilson, R. M., et al. (2022) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adc9669 · Cited by 116
Aliberti, M. J. R., Cenzer, I. S., Smith, A. K., Lee, S. J., Yaffe, K. S., & Covinsky, K. E. (2018) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.15683 · Cited by 117
“Some have suggested that if the frailty syndrome is a vulnerability state in a stress setting (marked by decreased reserve), then a reduced cognitive reserve should confer a risk beyond that identified by a decreased physical reserve.(8,11,12) This has led investigators to include cognitive elements of risk in some fr…”
BackgroundBiological, Clinical, and Psychosocial Correlates at the Interface of Cancer and Aging Research
Dale, W., Mohile, S. G., Eldadah, B. A., Trimble, E. L., Schilsky, R. L., Cohen, H. J., Muss, H. B., Schmader, K. E., FERRELL, B. R., Extermann, M., et al. (2012) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djs145 · Cited by 114
Amblàs-Novellas, J., Martori, J. C., Molist‐Brunet, N., Oller, R., Gómez‐Batiste, X., & Panicot, J. E. (2016) · Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología · doi:10.1016/j.regg.2016.09.003 · Cited by 133
Crimmins, E. M., Kim, J. K., & Vasunilashorn, S. M. (2010) · Demography · doi:10.1353/dem.2010.0005 · Cited by 114
“Assessments of physical functioning ability include performance on a timed walk, chair stands, ability to lock/unlock with a key, and a timed-tandem stand (Rothman et al. 2008).”
BackgroundPhysiologic Frailty and Fragility Fracture in HIV-Infected Male Veterans
Womack, J. A., Goulet, J. L., Gibert, C. L., Brandt, C., Skanderson, M., Gulanski, B., Rimland, D., Rodriguez‐Barradas, M. C., Tate, J., Yin, M. T., et al. (2013) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cit056 · Cited by 110
“It is associated with important outcomes such as disability, hospitalization, and mortality [2].”
BackgroundFrailty and Short-Term Outcomes in Patients With Hip Fracture
Kistler, E. A., Nicholas, J. A., Kates, S. L., & Friedman, S. M. (2015) · Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/2151458515591170 · Cited by 106
“While low physical activity has been independently associated with chronic disability, long-term nursing home stay and death, weakness as measured by grip strength, may not be a strong frailty criterion.(11) With the goal of generating a clinically useful frailty index, we developed the 3-criteria frailty index.”
BackgroundFrailty and cardiovascular mortality in more than 3 million US Veterans
Shrauner, W. R., Lord, E. M., Nguyen, X. T., Song, R. J., Galloway, A., GAGNON, D. R., Driver, J. A., Gaziano, J. M., Wilson, P. W. F., Djoussé, L., et al. (2021) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab850 · Cited by 108
“Fortunately, quick and cost-effective tests such as gait speed and grip strength have proven to be excellent markers of frailty and can be implemented into almost any clinical practice.(21,22) This study represents one of the largest and most contemporary evaluations of the interplay between CVD and frailty.”
Exploring the efficiency of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator: a review
Gobbens, R. J. J., Schols, J. M. G. A., & van Assen, M. A. L. M. (2017) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s130686 · Cited by 112
“For example, Rothman et al 95 showed that slow gait speed and cognitive impairment were the strongest predictors for disability and institutionalization, compared to five other frailty components including depressive symptoms, while Gobbens et al 31 reported that depressive symptoms were the most…”
Schoufour, J. D., Mitnitski, A., Rockwood, K. J., Evenhuis, H. M., & Echteld, M. A. (2013) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.01.029 · Cited by 111
Sleep–Wake Disturbances and Frailty in Community‐Living Older Persons
Fragoso, C. A. V., Gahbauer, E. A., Ness, P. H. V., & Gill, T. M. (2009) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02522.x · Cited by 100
“Comparable modifications have been successfully implemented in the Women’s Health and Aging Studies,(43) and it has previously been shown that each of the modified criteria are independently associated with chronic disability, long-term nursing home stays, and death, providing evidence of their validity.(25) To addres…”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationFrailty syndrome and pre-operative risk evaluation: A systematic review
Buigues, C., Juarros-Folgado, P., Garrido, J. F., Navarro-Martínez, R., & Cauli, O. (2015) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2015.08.002 · Cited by 105
Frailty: Identifying elderly patients at high risk of poor outcomes.
Lee, L. S., Heckman, G. A., & Molnar, F. (2015) · PubMed Central · Cited by 98
Screening for frailty in primary care: Accuracy of gait speed and hand-grip strength.
Lee, L. S., Patel, T., Costa, A. P., Bryce, E., Hillier, L. M., Slonim, K., Hunter, S. W., Heckman, G. A., & Molnar, F. (2017) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 101
Liao, Y.-Y., Chen, I.-H., & Wang, R. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45767-y · Cited by 101
Blain, H., Carrière, I., Sourial, N., Berard, C., Favier, F., Colvez, A., & Bergman, H. (2010) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-010-0111-0 · Cited by 99
“In the present study and in a recent study, low muscle strength was not an independent predictor of subsequent mortality, suggesting that measuring muscle strength could be less useful than measuring mobility and balance to assess prognosis in non-disabled women (35).”
Aguayo, G., Vaillant, M., Donneau, A., Schritz, A., Stranges, S., Malisoux, L., Chioti, A., Guillaume, M., Muller, M., & Witte, D. R. (2018) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002543 · Cited by 99
Different models of frailty in predementia and dementia syndromes
Panza, F., Solfrizzi, V., Frisardi, V., Maggi, S., Sancarlo, D., Addante, F., D’Onofrio, G., Seripa, D., & Pilotto, A. (2011) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-011-0126-1 · Cited by 102
“…least twenty frailty instruments have been described (21), and cognition was present in only 40% of them (31, 51, 77, 78, 80, 81-87). all these frailty instruments are multidimensional in nature, and mostly based on a standardized comprehensive geriatric assessment (cga) (81, 82, 85, 86, 88, 89).”
Implementing Frailty Into Clinical Practice: A Cautionary Tale
Sourial, N., Bergman, H., Karunananthan, S., Wolfson, C. M., Payette, H., Gutiérrez‐Robledo, L. M., Béland, F., Fletcher, J. D., & Guralnik, J. M. (2013) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glt053 · Cited by 97
Ávila‐Funes, J. A., Piña‐Escudero, S. D., Aguilar-Navarro, S. G., Gutiérrez‐Robledo, L. M., Ruiz-Arreguí, L., & Amieva, H. (2011) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-011-0111-8 · Cited by 102
“However, walking speed has been found to be associated with disability in several studies (11, 18, 23, 53, 54). in the present study, slowness was initially associated with disability, but the association was attenuated and no longer significant after adjustment for the presence of the other…”
InfluentialPrevalence and factors associated with frailty among Peruvian older adults
Runzer-Colmenares, F. M., Samper‐Ternent, R., Snih, S. A., Ottenbacher, K. J., Parodi, J. F., & Wong, R. (2013) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2013.07.005 · Cited by 96
Zaslavsky, O., Cochrane, B. B., Thompson, H. J., Woods, N. F., Herting, J. R., & LaCroix, A. Z. (2012) · Biological Research For Nursing · doi:10.1177/1099800412462866 · Cited by 94
“However, despite mounting evidence on the effect of mood disorder on aging-related outcomes, findings regarding an independent effect of depressive symptoms on frailty have been inconsistent (Rothman et al., 2008).”
BackgroundResultDrubbel, I., Bleijenberg, N., Kranenburg, G., Eijkemans, M. J. C., Schuurmans, M. J., de Wit, N. J., & Numans, M. E. (2013) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/1471-2296-14-64 · Cited by 92
Effectiveness of a geriatric intervention in primary care: a randomized clinical trial
Monteserín, R., Brotons, C., Moral, I., Altimir, S., San‐José, A., Santaeugènia, S., Sellarés, J., & Padros, J. (2010) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmp101 · Cited by 91
Metadata
- Authors
- Rothman, M. D., Leo‐Summers, L., & Gill, T. M.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rothman, Marc D.
- ORCID
- Gill, Thomas M.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2211-2216
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- PMC
- PMC2782664
- OpenAlex
- W2111326370
- Cited by
- 428
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 8.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG022993, R37AG017560, K24AG021507, T32 AG1934, T32AG019134, P30AG021342)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Keywords
- frailty, Fried criteria, slow walking, physical activity, weight loss, cognitive impairment, exhaustion, muscle weakness, chronic disability, falls, mortality, older adults, prognostic factors
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Geriatric Assessment, Frail Elderly
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