The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Comparison of Frailty Indexes for the Prediction of Falls, Disability, Fractures, and Mortality in Older Men
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To compare the validity of a parsimonious frailty index (components: weight loss, inability to rise from a chair, and poor energy (Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) index)) with that of the more complex Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) index (components: unintentional weight loss, low grip strength, poor energy, slowness, and low physical activity) for prediction of adverse outcomes in older men. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Six U.S. centers. PARTICIPANTS: Three thousand one hundred thirty‐two men aged 67 and older. MEASUREMENTS: Frailty status categorized as robust, intermediate stage, or frail using the SOF index and criteria similar to those used in CHS index. Falls were reported three times for 1 year. Disability (≥1 new impairments in performing instrumental activities of daily living) ascertained at 1 year. Fractures and deaths ascertained during 3 years of follow‐up. Analysis of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) statistics compared for models containing the SOF index versus those containing the CHS index. RESULTS: Greater evidence of frailty as defined by either index was associated with greater risk of adverse outcomes. Frail men had a higher age‐adjusted risk of recurrent falls (odds ratio (OR)=3.0–3.6), disability (OR=5.3–7.5), nonspine fracture (hazard ratio (HR)=2.2–2.3), and death (HR=2.5–3.5) ( P <.001 for all models). AUC comparisons revealed no differences between models with the SOF index and models with the CHS index in discriminating falls (AUC=0.63, P =.97), disability (AUC=0.68, P =.86), nonspine fracture (AUC=0.63, P =.90), or death (AUC=0.71 for model with SOF index and 0.72 for model with CHS index, P =.19). CONCLUSION: The simple SOF index predicts risk of falls, disability, fracture, and mortality in men as well as the more‐complex CHS index.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Obesity is inversely related to BMD and fractures313 but might increase the fracture risk through bone quality314,315 or frailty132,316 independent of BMD.”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies (2018) · cites this paper as [316]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An Introduction to the Bootstrap
Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1994) · doi:10.1201/9780429246593 · Cited by 40,500
Frailty in Older Adults: Evidence for a Phenotype
Fried, L. P., Tangen, C. M., Walston, J., Newman, A. B., Hirsch, C., Gottdiener, J., Seeman, T., Tracy, R., Kop, W. J., Burke, G., et al. (2001) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146 · Cited by 24,907
An Introduction to the Bootstrap
Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1993) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-4541-9 · Cited by 21,230
Fried, L. P., Ferrucci, L., Darer, J., Williamson, J. D., & Anderson, G. (2004) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/59.3.m255 · Cited by 4,032
Risk Factors for Hip Fracture in White Women
Cummings, S. R., Nevitt, M. C., Browner, W. S., Stone, K., Fox, K. M., Ensrud, K. E., Cauley, J., Black, D., & Vogt, T. M. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199503233321202 · Cited by 3,595
Self-citation(1987) · PubMed · Cited by 2,657
Walston, J., Hadley, E. C., Ferrucci, L., Guralnik, J. M., Newman, A. B., Studenski, S. A., Ershler, W. B., Harris, T., & Fried, L. P. (2006) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00745.x · Cited by 1,605
Kanis, J. A., Odén, A., Johnell, O., Johansson, H., Laet, C. E. D. H. D., Brown, J. P., Burckhardt, P., Cooper, C. C., Christiansen, C., Cummings, S. R., et al. (2007) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-007-0343-y · Cited by 1,231
Self-citationPhenotype of frailty: characterization in the women's health and aging studies
Bandeen-Roche, K., Xue, Q.-L., Ferrucci, L., Walston, J., Guralnik, J. M., Chaves, P., Zeger, S. L., & Fried, L. P. (2006) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/61.3.262 · Cited by 1,215
Fugate Woods, N., LaCroix, A. Z., Gray, S. L., Aragaki, A., Cochrane, B. B., Brunner, R. L., Masaki, K., Murray, A., & Newman, A. B. (2005) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53405.x · Cited by 1,040
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 634
Lilamand, M., Kelaiditi, E., Cesari, M., Raynaud-Simon, A., Ghisolfi, A., Guyonnet, S., Vellas, B. J., & van Kan, G. A. (2015) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-015-0457-4 · Cited by 89
Misra, D., Felson, D. T., Silliman, R. A., Nevitt, M. C., Lewis, C. E., Torner, J. C., & Neogi, T. (2014) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glu102 · Cited by 89
Mulasso, A., Roppolo, M., Gobbens, R. J. J., Mosso, C. O., & Rabaglietti, E. (2015) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s92328 · Cited by 89
Sustained Attention and Frailty in the Older Adult Population
O’Halloran, A. M., Finucane, C., Savva, G. M., Robertson, I. H., & Kenny, R. A. (2013) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbt009 · Cited by 85
Association between chronic diseases and falls among a sample of older people in Finland
Immonen, M., Haapea, M., Similä, H., Enwald, H., Keränen, N., Kangas, M., Jämsä, T. J., & Korpelainen, R. (2020) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01621-9 · Cited by 84
“A modified SOF Frailty Index (Study of Osteoporotic Fractures) [44] described in our earlier study [45] was used to identify those with frailty symptoms.”
MethodVeronese, N., Stubbs, B., Noale, M., Solmi, M., Rizzoli, R., Vaona, A., Demurtas, J., Crepaldi, G., & Maggi, S. (2018) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2017.08.028 · Cited by 80
“In agreement with the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture (SOF) index [30,31] frailty was defined as the presence of at least 2 out of three of the following criteria: (i) weight loss 5% taking place between baseline and the follow-up examinations (at the baseline examination a bodymass index, BMI, of less than 20 kg/m2, a…”
MethodWoolford, S. J., D’Angelo, S., Curtis, E. M., Parsons, C. M., Ward, K. A., Dennison, E. M., Patel, H. P., Cooper, C. C., & Harvey, N. C. (2020) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-020-01653-6 · Cited by 81
Romero‐Ortuño, R. (2012) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/j.1447-0594.2012.00948.x · Cited by 78
Promoting higher blood pressure targets for frail older adults: A consensus guideline from Canada
Mallery, L. H., Allen, M., Fleming, I., Kelly, K., Bowles, S. K., Duncan, J., & Moorhouse, P. A. (2014) · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3949/ccjm.81a.13110 · Cited by 81
Dentition status and frailty in community‐dwelling older adults: A 5‐year prospective cohort study
Iwasaki, M., Yoshihara, A., Sato, M., Minagawa, K., Shimada, M., Nishimuta, M., Ansai, T., YOSHITAKE, Y., & Miyazaki, H. (2017) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/ggi.13170 · Cited by 78
Transplanting cells from old but not young donors causes physical dysfunction in older recipients
Wang, B., Liu, Z., Chen, V. P., Wang, L., Inman, C. L., Zhou, Y., Guo, C., Tchkonia, T., Rowe, D. W., Kuchel, G. A., et al. (2020) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.13106 · Cited by 76
“Overall, these findings suggest that ADSCs from old donors can induce physical frailty, which is highly associated with morbidity and loss of independence(Ensrud et al., 2009).”
BackgroundRosenberg, T. (2012) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.03965.x · Cited by 77
“A large proportion of the decedents are frail elderly adults, who have been variably described as having multiple comorbidities, dependency in function (activities of daily living and mobility), and less physiological reserve.(9,10) Even a minor deterioration in their health status (e.”
BackgroundSleep quality, depression and frailty among Chinese community-dwelling older adults
Liu, X., Wang, C., Qiao, X., Si, H., & Jin, Y. (2021) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.02.020 · Cited by 76
Mordarska, K., & Godziejewska-Zawada, M. (2017) · Menopause Review/Przegląd Menopauzalny · doi:10.5114/pm.2017.68589 · Cited by 75
“That is why in elderly patients with cardiovascular complications, more liberal goals of blood glucose levels have been established with target glycated haemoglobin A 1c ≤ 8% [16].”
BackgroundViña, J., Tarazona‐Santabalbina, F. J., Pérez‐Ros, P., Martínez‐Arnau, F. M., Borrás, C., González, G. O., Salvador‐Pascual, A., & Gómez‐Cabrera, M. C. (2016) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2016.04.005 · Cited by 79
“This is the most frequently used index and its prognostic capacity has been extensively validated (Ensrud et al., 2009).”
Zhang, Q., Zhao, X., Liu, H., & Ding, H. (2020) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01798-z · Cited by 73
“That discrepancy could be attributed to the respondents in the present study were relatively younger, as the samples in most of the previous studies documenting a significant positive association between frailty and worsening ADL/IADL had a higher mean age (higher than 70 year-old) [2, 8].”
BackgroundResultRitt, M., Schwarz, C., Kronawitter, V., Delinic, A., Bollheimer, L. C., Gaßmann, K., & Sieber, C. C. (2015) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-015-0667-9 · Cited by 76
Validation of the FRAIL scale in Mexican elderly: results from the Mexican Health and Aging Study
de León‐González, E. D., Hermosillo, H. G., Martínez-Beltran, J., Medina-Chávez, J. H., Corona, R. P., Garza, D. P. S., & Rodríguez-Quintanilla, K. A. (2015) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-015-0497-y · Cited by 72
“Therefore, our results are consistent with those published by other authors in different populations, and operative definitions of frailty [4, 19, 20].”
Lee, J. S. W., Auyeung, T. W., Leung, J. C. S., Chan, D. C.-C., Kwok, T. C. Y., Woo, J., & Wing, Y. K. (2014) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2014.05.006 · Cited by 76
Relationship between lower-limb muscle strength and frailty among elderly people
Batista, F. S., Gomes, G. A. D. O., Neri, A. L., Guariento, M. E., Cintra, F. A., de Sousa, M. D. L. R., & D’Elboux, M. J. (2012) · Sao Paulo Medical Journal · doi:10.1590/s1516-31802012000200006 · Cited by 72
Frailty Is a Major Related Factor for at Risk of Malnutrition in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults
Chang, S. (2016) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12258 · Cited by 71
“Because of the need to develop a simple, convenient, and reliable tool for assessing frailty and for screening people living in communities, Ensrud et al. (2008) proposed the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) index to identify frailty.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialBilotta, C., Casè, A., Nicolini, P., Mauri, S., Castelli, M., & Vergani, C. (2010) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2010.508772 · Cited by 71
“…which have been recently proposed and recognised to be just as effective as the frailty criteria of Fried et al. (2001) in predicting adverse health outcomes (i.e. falls, functional decline, overnight hospital stay and death) but are easier to apply (Ensrud et al., 2008, 2009; Kiely et al., 2009).”
BackgroundThe frailty syndrome in general practitioner care
Drey, M., Wehr, H., Wehr, G., Uter, W. J. C., Lang, F. R., Rupprecht, R., Sieber, C. C., & Bauer, J. M. (2010) · Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie · doi:10.1007/s00391-010-0136-3 · Cited by 69
“This vulnerability leads to a decline in homeostatic reserve and resiliency, and implies an increased risk for multiple adverse health-related outcomes like functional decline, dependence in activities of daily living (ADL), hospitalization, institutionalization, and death [12, 15, 25].”
BackgroundResultRecognizing Degenerative Aging as a Treatable Medical Condition: Methodology and Policy
Stambler, I. (2017) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2017.0130 · Cited by 71
“For example, in the widely used “Study of Osteoporotic Fractures” (SOF) frailty index, there are 3 main diagnostic parameters: 1) “Weight loss,” 2) “Inability to rise from a chair,” and 3) “Poor energy” as identified by an answer “yes” or “no” to the question “Do you feel full of energy?” on the Geriatric Depression S…”
MethodEkram, A. S., Woods, R. L., Britt, C. J., Espinoza, S. E., Ernst, M. E., & Ryan, J. L. (2021) · The Journal of Frailty & Aging · doi:10.14283/jfa.2021.20 · Cited by 73
“PRISMA 2009 Flow Diagram(50): Frailty Status and All-Cause Mortality in Community-Dwelling Older Individuals: An Umbrella Review THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FRAILTY AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER INDIVIDUALS between frailty and mortality according to age groups (26, 46).”
MethodIf my muscle could talk: Myokines as a biomarker of frailty
Coelho‐Júnior, H. J., Picca, A., Calvani, R., Uchida, M. C., & Marzetti, E. (2019) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2019.110715 · Cited by 71
Development of a Frailty Index for Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Freiheit, E., Hogan, D. B., Eliasziw, M., Meekes, M. F., Ghali, W. A., Partlo, L. A., & Maxwell, C. J. (2010) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02961.x · Cited by 67
Black, A. A., Wood, J. M., & Lovie‐Kitchin, J. E. (2011) · Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics · doi:10.1111/j.1475-1313.2010.00811.x · Cited by 67
“The findings of this study are important, as the development of frailty increases the likelihood of serious adverse health outcomes, particularly falls, fractures, institutionalisation and mortality.(1,2,5,33,56) Declines in physical function, functional limitations and frailty have been linked to central vision loss…”
BackgroundCruz-Jentoft, A. J., Franco, A., Sommer, P., Baeyens, J., Jankowska, E. A., Maggi, A. C., Ponikowski, P. P., Ryś, A., Szczerbińska, K. E., Michel, J., et al. (2009) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/bf03327452 · Cited by 66
A comparison of frailty indexes for prediction of adverse health outcomes in an elderly cohort
Forti, P., Rietti, E., Pisacane, N., Olivelli, V., Maltoni, B., & Ravaglia, G. (2011) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2011.01.007 · Cited by 67
Costenoble, A., Knoop, V., Vermeiren, S., Vella-Azzopardi, R., Debain, A., Rossi, G. M. P., Bautmans, I., Verté, D., Gorus, E., & VRIENDT, P. D. (2019) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnz147 · Cited by 69
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Aging Frailty
Schulman, I. H., Balkan, W., & Hare, J. M. (2018) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2018.00108 · Cited by 65
“A number of other instruments to assess frailty have been developed and validated, including the “FRAIL (Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, Loss of weight)” frailty scale by the International Academy of Nutrition and Aging (17), the “Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF)” frailty scale (18), the “Frailty Inst…”
To Be Frail or Not to Be Frail: This Is the Question—A Critical Narrative Review of Frailty
Sciacchitano, S., Carola, V., Nicolais, G., Sciacchitano, S., Napoli, C., Mancini, R., Rocco, M., & Coluzzi, F. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13030721 · Cited by 74
Si, H., Jin, Y., Qiao, X., Tian, X., Liu, X., & Wang, C. (2021) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103875 · Cited by 64
Falls among hemodialysis patients: potential opportunities for prevention?
Kutner, N. G., Zhang, R., Huang, Y., & Wasse, H. (2014) · Clinical Kidney Journal · doi:10.1093/ckj/sfu034 · Cited by 64
Li, G., Ioannidis, G., Pickard, L. E., Kennedy, C. C., Παπαϊωάννου, Α., Thabane, L., & Adachi, J. D. (2014) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-15-185 · Cited by 66
“Compared with the phenotypic model [14-17,38-41], even though the FI approach to measure frailty has been less widely used [21], a FI could predict risk of adverse outcomes more precisely than a phenotypic model did [8,42].”
MethodResultThe Relationship Between Body Weight, Frailty, and the Disablement Process
Bowen, M. E. (2012) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbs067 · Cited by 63
Lu, T.-Y., Chen, J., Du, J., Lin, Y., Ho, P., Lee, C., Hu, C., & Huang, H. (2020) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01901-4 · Cited by 72
Aaldriks, A. A., Maartense, E., Nortier, H. J. W. R., van der Geest, L. G., le Cessie, S., Tanis, B. C., Portielje, J. E. A., Ypma, P. F., & Giltay, E. J. (2015) · Acta Oncologica · doi:10.3109/0284186x.2015.1068446 · Cited by 62
“The study of osteoporotic fractures (SOF) index was developed from frequently cited physiologic domains in the frailty literature [11,12] and appeared accurate in comparison with CGA for the detection of frailty in cancer patients [13].”
MethodIs frailty associated with short-term outcomes for elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome?
Kang, L., Zhang, S., Zhu, W.-L., Pang, H., Zhang, L., Zhu, M., Liu, X., & Liu, Y. (2015) · PubMed Central · doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2015.06.010 · Cited by 63
Managing an Older Adult with Cancer: Considerations for Radiation Oncologists
Chang, S., Goldstein, N. E., & Dharmarajan, K. V. (2017) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2017/1695101 · Cited by 66
Fracture Incidence in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients
Naylor, K. L., Jamal, S. A., Zou, G., McArthur, E., Lam, N. N., Leslie, W. D., Hodsman, A. B., Kim, S., Knoll, G. A., Fraser, L.-A., et al. (2015) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000000808 · Cited by 61
The role of frailty in geriatric cranial neurosurgery for primary central nervous system neoplasms
Shahrestani, S., Lehrich, B. M., Tafreshi, A. R., Brown, N. J., Lien, B. V., Ransom, S. C., Ransom, R. C., Ballatori, A. M., Ton, A. T., Chen, X. T., et al. (2020) · Neurosurgical FOCUS · doi:10.3171/2020.7.focus20426 · Cited by 61
The Association between Frailty and Healthcare Expenditure among Chinese Older Adults
Jin, H., Liu, X., Xue, Q., Chen, S., & Wu, C. (2020) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2020.03.008 · Cited by 59
Coelho‐Júnior, H. J., Uchida, M. C., Picca, A., Bernabei, R., Landi, F., Calvani, R., Cesari, M., & Marzetti, E. (2021) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-021-01802-5 · Cited by 66
Zhang, J., Wang, Q., Hao, W., & Zhu, D. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14204279 · Cited by 57
“It is often associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes, such as mortality, hospitalization, falls, disability, fractures, and high health expenditure among the elderly [5,6].”
BackgroundLu, Z., & Zreiqat, H. (2010) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.178 · Cited by 56
Operationalizing frailty among older residents of assisted living facilities
Freiheit, E., Hogan, D. B., Strain, L. A., Schmaltz, H. N., Patten, S. B., Eliasziw, M., & Maxwell, C. J. (2011) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-11-23 · Cited by 56
Age, gender and disability predict future disability in older people: the Rotterdam Study
Taş, Ü., Steyerberg, E. W., Bierma‐Zeinstra, S., Albert Hofman, D., Koes, B. W., & Verhagen, A. P. (2011) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-11-22 · Cited by 56
“In a recent study a compact frailty index with three components performed as well as a more complex frailty index with five components in predicting falls, disability and mortality [17].”
MethodThe prevalence of sleep loss and sleep disorders in young and old adults
Jha, V. M. (2022) · Aging Brain · doi:10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100057 · Cited by 67
“Frailty is the primary cause of increased hospitalization, falls, disability, and mortality rates among the elderly [32,52].”
BackgroundSubclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Frailty Among Older Men
Virgini, V. S., Rodondi, N., Cawthon, P. M., Harrison, S. L., Hoffman, A. R., ORWOLL, E. S., Ensrud, K. E., & Bauer, D. C. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2015-3191 · Cited by 55
“It hasbeen shownthat frailty increases the risk for falls, nonspine fractures (21), disability, institutionalization, and death (19, 22).”
BackgroundSelf-citationÁvila‐Funes, J. A., Aguilar-Navarro, S. G., Amieva, H., & Gutiérrez‐Robledo, L. M. (2015) · Salud Pública de México · doi:10.21149/spm.v57s1.7591 · Cited by 55
Prevalencia de quedas de idosos em situacao de fragilidade
Fhon, J. R. S., Rosset, I., Freitas, C. P., Silva, A. O., Santos, J. L. F., & Rodrigues, R. A. P. (2013) · Revista de Saúde Pública · doi:10.1590/s0034-8910.2013047003468 · Cited by 56
Zupo, R., Castellana, F., Bortone, I., Griseta, C., Sardone, R., Lampignano, L., Lozupone, M., Solfrizzi, V., Castellana, M., Giannelli, G., et al. (2020) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101148 · Cited by 59
Biology of frailty: Implications for clinical pharmacology and drug therapy in frail older people
Hilmer, S. N., Wu, H. C., & Zhang, M. (2019) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2019.111119 · Cited by 58
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Bone Fractures
Leontiadis, G. I., & Moayyedi, P. (2014) · Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s11938-014-0030-y · Cited by 52
Association Between Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Frailty Among Older Adults
Doi, T., Makizako, H., Tsutsumimoto, K., Hotta, R., Nakakubo, S., Makino, K., Suzuki, T., & Shimada, H. (2017) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0916-1 · Cited by 51
“Frailty is a recognized common course of disability (3, 25-27), and lower IGF-1 levels also increase the risk of disability (15, 16).”
Boutin, E., Natella, P.-A., Schott, A., Bastuji‐Garin, S., David, J., Paillaud, É., Rolland, Y., & Canouï‐Poitrine, F. (2017) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2017.07.023 · Cited by 56
Wu, T., Chie, W., Yang, R., Kuo, K., Wong, W.-K., & Liaw, C. (2013) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.07.012 · Cited by 51
Fragilidade em idosos no município de São Paulo: prevalência e fatores associados
Duarte, Y. A. D. O., Nunes, D. P., de Andrade, F. B., Corona, L. P., de Brito, T. R. P., Santos, J. L. F., & Lebrão, M. L. (2018) · Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia · doi:10.1590/1980-549720180021.supl.2 · Cited by 51
Frailty Syndrome among oldest old Individuals, aged ≥80 years: Prevalence & Correlates
Sharma, P. K., Reddy, B. M., & Ganguly, E. (2020) · Journal of Frailty Sarcopenia and Falls · doi:10.22540/jfsf-05-092 · Cited by 53
Prefrailty and Chronic Morbidity in the Youngest Old: An Insight from the Lausanne Cohort Lc65+
Danon‐Hersch, N., Rodondi, N., Spagnoli, J., & Santos‐Eggimann, B. (2012) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04113.x · Cited by 49
Armstrong, J. J., Zhu, M., Hirdes, J. P., & Stolee, P. (2012) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2012.05.026 · Cited by 55
Lauzé, M., Martel, D., & Aubertin‐Leheudre, M. (2017) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2017.06.030 · Cited by 50
Bindawas, S. M., Vennu, V. S., & Stubbs, B. (2017) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnx296 · Cited by 53
Association of Brain Atrophy and Masseter Sarcopenia With 1-Year Mortality in Older Trauma Patients
Tanabe, C., Reed, M. J., Pham, T. N., Penn, K., Bentov, I., & Kaplan, S. J. (2019) · JAMA Surgery · doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.0988 · Cited by 52
A crosswalk of commonly used frailty scales
Sison, S. D. M., Shi, S., Kim, K. M., Steinberg, N., Jeong, S., McCarthy, E. P., & Kim, D. H. (2023) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.18453 · Cited by 49
Quality of life in older outpatients living alone in the community in Italy
Bilotta, C., Bowling, A., Nicolini, P., Casè, A., & Vergani, C. (2011) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2524.2011.01011.x · Cited by 49
“…subjects was evaluated according to the recent Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) criteria, which have turned out to be just as effective as the frailty criteria of Fried et al. (2001) in predicting adverse health outcomes but are easier to apply (Ensrud et al. 2008, 2009, Kiely et al. 2009).”
MethodThe fall rate of older community-dwelling cancer patients
Puts, M. T. E., Monette, J., Girre, V., Wolfson, C. M., Monette, M., Batist, G., & Bergman, H. (2012) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-012-1579-4 · Cited by 49
Controlling for Frailty in Pharmacoepidemiologic Studies of Older Adults
Cuthbertson, C. C., Kucharska‐Newton, A., Faurot, K. R., Stürmer, T., Funk, M. J., Palta, P., Windham, B. G., Thai, S., & Lund, J. L. (2018) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0000000000000833 · Cited by 49
“Home oxygen 59 (2) 4 (0) 30 (4) 25 (18) 14 (1) 35 (2) 10 (5)”
InfluentialHip Fracture in Men—Survival and Subsequent Fractures: A Cohort Study with 22‐Year Follow‐Up
von Friesendorff, M., McGuigan, F. E., Besjakov, J., & Åkesson, K. (2011) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03399.x · Cited by 48
“70–74 45 8 (18) 11 (24) 17 (38) 24 (53) 34 (76) 41 (93) 44 (98) 44 (98) 5.”
Osteoporosis in men: findings from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS)
Cawthon, P. M., Shahnazari, M., ORWOLL, E. S., & Lane, N. E. (2015) · Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease · doi:10.1177/1759720x15621227 · Cited by 48
Self-citationFrailty Quantified by the “Valencia Score” as a Potential Predictor of Lifespan in Mice
de Toda, I. M., Garrido, A., Vida, C., Gómez‐Cabrera, M. C., Viña, J., & la Fuente, M. D. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/gly064 · Cited by 48
García‐Peña, C., Ávila‐Funes, J. A., Dent, E., Gutiérrez‐Robledo, L. M., & Pérez‐Zepeda, M. U. (2016) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2016.03.016 · Cited by 47
“Literature has been mainly focused in the prediction capacity of adverse outcomes, both to the FFP and FI and also with different variations of FFP (At et al., 2015; Blodgett et al., 2015; Rodriguez-Manas and Fried, 2015; Ensrud et al., 2008; Ensrud et al., 2009).”
BackgroundSchoufour, J. D., Mitnitski, A., Rockwood, K. J., Hilgenkamp, T. I. M., Evenhuis, H. M., & Echteld, M. A. (2014) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.05.022 · Cited by 46
Cystatin C and the Risk of Frailty and Mortality in Older Men
Hart, A., BLACKWELL, T. L., Paudel, M. L., Taylor, B. C., ORWOLL, E. S., Cawthon, P. M., Ensrud, K. E., & for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group (2016) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glw223 · Cited by 46
Self-citationWu, C., Geldhof, G. J., Xue, Q.-L., Kim, D. H., Newman, A. B., & Odden, M. C. (2018) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwy041 · Cited by 45
The Relationships Between Physical Performance, Activity Levels, and Falls in Older Men
ORWOLL, E. S., Fino, N. F., Gill, T. M., Cauley, J. A., Strotmeyer, E. S., Ensrud, K. E., Kado, D. M., Barrett-Connor, E. L., Bauer, D. C., Cawthon, P. M., et al. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/gly248 · Cited by 45
Self-citationDNA methylation signatures of illicit drug injection and hepatitis C are associated with HIV frailty
Zhang, X., Hu, Y., Justice, A. C., Li, B., Wang, Z., Zhao, H., Krystal, J. H., & Xu, K. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-017-02326-1 · Cited by 44
Huang, C., Martins, B. A., Okada, K., Matsushita, E., Uno, C., Satake, S., & Kuzuya, M. (2020) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.05.013 · Cited by 49
Han, T. S., Yeong, K., Lisk, R., Fluck, D. S., & Fry, C. H. (2020) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-020-00774-5 · Cited by 45
Frailty and Hip Osteoarthritis in Men in the MrOS Cohort
Wise, B. L., Parimi, N., Zhang, Y., Cawthon, P. M., Barrett-Connor, E. L., Ensrud, K. E., Lane, N. E., & the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Group (2013) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glt126 · Cited by 44
“A frailty index similar to that developed in the Cardiovascular Health Study predicted risk of incident disability, falls, fracture, and mortality in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) cohort, a longitudinal study of older men examining risk factors for osteoporosis and aging (6,7).”
MethodSelf-citationChang, S., Yang, R., Lin, T., Chiu, S., Chen, M., & Lee, H. (2014) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12068 · Cited by 44
Krebs, E. E., Paudel, M. L., Taylor, B. C., Bauer, D. C., Fink, H. A., Lane, N. E., & Ensrud, K. E. (2016) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-015-3579-9 · Cited by 44
“Participants were categorized as robust, intermediate, or frail using the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures frailty index.(28) Baseline values were included in models, except where specified otherwise.”
MethodSelf-citationFrailty as a Predictor of Future Fracture in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Chen, K., Chang, S., & Lin, P. (2017) · Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing · doi:10.1111/wvn.12222 · Cited by 44
Ding, Y. Y., Kuha, J., & Murphy, M. (2017) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.08.029 · Cited by 44
“…(Espinoza & Walston, 2005; Lally & Crome, 2007; Pel-Littel et al., 2009), such as death, disability, falls, hospitalization, and institutionalization (Daniels et al., 2012; Ensrud et al., 2009; Ensrud et al., 2008; Jones et al., 2005; Kiely et al., 2009; Pilotto et al., 2012; Woo et al., 2012).”
Furtado, G. E., Carvalho, H. M., Loureiro, M., Patrício, M., Chupel, M. U., Colado, J. C., Hogervorst, E., Ferreira, J. P., & Teixeira, A. M. (2019) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2019.110790 · Cited by 48
Ruff, K., Morrison, D., Duncan, S. A., Back, M., Aydogan, C., & Theodosakis, J. (2018) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s153782 · Cited by 43
“6,7 Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of exercise in relieving osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms, 8 particularly for weight-bearing joints such as the knees or hips, and exercise is recommended by the American College of Rheumatology as a nonpharmacologic therapy for OA.”
Cardiac autonomic modulation in non-frail, pre-frail and frail elderly women: a pilot study
Katayama, P. L., Dias, D. P. M., Silva, L. E. V., Júnior, J. S. V., & Marocolo, M. (2015) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-015-0320-9 · Cited by 43
Chen, Z., Jiang, X., Shi, G., Wang, Y., Chu, X., Wang, Z., Guo, J., Zhu, Y., Chen, J., Wang, X., et al. (2021) · Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1111/psyg.12696 · Cited by 42
Ten‐year mortality in older patients attending the emergency department after a fall
Tan, M. P., Kamaruzzaman, S. B., Zakaria, M. I., Chin, A., & Poi, P. J. H. (2015) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/ggi.12446 · Cited by 42
Frailty: A Common Pathway in Aging and Cancer
Balducci, L. (2013) · Interdisciplinary topics in gerontology and geriatrics · doi:10.1159/000343586 · Cited by 42
Detecting Frailty in Primary Care: A Major Challenge for Primary Care Physicians
Bugat, M.-È. R., Cestac, P., Oustric, S., Vellas, B. J., & Nourhashémi, F. (2012) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.07.015 · Cited by 43
Bilotta, C., Bergamaschini, L. C., Nicolini, P., Casè, A., Pina, G., Rossi, S. V., & Vergani, C. (2011) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.609534 · Cited by 45
“…by Fried et al. (2001), cases of moderate to severe cognitive decline (i.e. those subjects with a MMSE score less than 18 out of 30) were excluded, whereas in the studies validating the SOF index, no threshold was set in the MMSE score (Ensrud et al., 2008, 2009; Kiely, Cupples, & Lipsitz, 2009).”
BackgroundResultChoe, Y., Joh, J., & Kim, Y. (2017) · Journal of Geriatric Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.jgo.2017.02.002 · Cited by 42
Falck, R. S., Percival, A. G., Tai, D., & Davis, J. C. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-03466-w · Cited by 44
“The long-term consequences of functional independence limitations include adverse health events such as falls, declines in physical and cognitive function, transition to resource-intensive acute and longterm care facilities, and increased mortality risk [8].”
BackgroundAre Performance Measures Necessary to Predict Loss of Independence in Elderly People?
Pedone, C., Costanzo, L., Cesari, M., Bandinelli, S., Ferrucci, L., & Incalzi, R. A. (2015) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glv096 · Cited by 41
Medications and Patient Characteristics Associated With Falling in the Hospital
O’Neil, C. A., Krauss, M. J., Bettale, J., Kessels, A., Costantinou, E., Dunagan, W. C., & Fraser, V. J. (2015) · Journal of Patient Safety · doi:10.1097/pts.0000000000000163 · Cited by 41
“Underweight patients may be at increased risk due to frailty 23, 24 .”
Askari, M., Eslami, S., Scheffer, A. C., Medlock, S. K., de Rooij, S. E., van der Velde, N., & Abu–Hanna, A. (2013) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.1007/s40266-013-0110-z · Cited by 41
“Since recurrent fallers are less likely to have sustained an accidental fall [22], they can benefit from targeted treatment and are in need of more stringent follow-up.”
BackgroundImpact of Health Literacy on Frailty among Community-Dwelling Seniors
Huang, C., Lai, Y., Lee, Y. C., Teong, X. T., Kuzuya, M., & Kuo, K.-M. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm7120481 · Cited by 41
Metadata
- Authors
- Ensrud, K. E., Ewing, S. K., Cawthon, P. M., Fink, H. A., Taylor, B. C., Cauley, J. A., Dam, T., Marshall, L. M., Orwoll, E. S., Cummings, S. R., & for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Research Group
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-03
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 492-498
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- PMC
- PMC2861353
- OpenAlex
- W1525398982
- Cited by
- 636
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 42
- FWCI
- 24.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (U01-AG-18197, U01AG018197, U01AG027810, U01AG042140)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U01AR45614, U01-AR45632, U01 AR45647, U01AR045583, U01 AR-45583, U01-AR-45654, U01AR045580, U01AR045632, U01AR045654, U01AR045614, U01AR045647, U01AR066160, U01AR45580)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024140)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Keywords
- frailty index, older men, falls, disability, fracture, mortality, frailty assessment, instrumental activities of daily living, weight loss, grip strength, energy status, physical activity
- MeSH terms
- Accidental Falls, Activities of Daily Living, Aged, 80 and over, Disability Evaluation, Follow-Up Studies, Fractures, Spontaneous, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk, Weight Loss, Geriatric Assessment, Proportional Hazards Models, Survival Analysis, Frail Elderly, Hand Strength, Mobility Limitation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
