Cited by 414Nutrition and Health in AgingFrailty in Older AdultsBody Composition Measurement Techniques

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Do Muscle Mass, Muscle Density, Strength, and Physical Function Similarly Influence Risk of Hospitalization in Older Adults?

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Cawthon, Peggy Mannen, Fox, Kathleen M., Gandra, Shravanthi R., Delmonico, Matthew J., Chiou, Chiun‐Fang, Anthony, Mary S., Sewall, Ase, Goodpaster, Bret, Satterfield, Suzanne, Cummings, Steven R., Harris, Tamara B., for the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study·2009·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02366.xPMC PMC3269169

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between strength, function, lean mass, muscle density, and risk of hospitalization. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Two U.S. clinical centers. PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 70 to 80 (N=3,011) from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. MEASUREMENTS: Measurements were of grip strength, knee extension strength, lean mass, walking speed, and chair stand pace. Thigh computed tomography scans assessed muscle area and density (a proxy for muscle fat infiltration). Hospitalizations were confirmed by local review of medical records. Negative binomial regression models estimated incident rate ratios (IRRs) of hospitalization for race‐ and sex‐specific quartiles of each muscle and function parameter separately. Multivariate models adjusted for age, body mass index, health status, and coexisting medical conditions. RESULTS: During an average 4.7 years of follow‐up, 1,678 (55.7%) participants experienced one or more hospitalizations. Participants in the lowest quartile of muscle density were more likely to be subsequently hospitalized (multivariate IRR=1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.24–1.73) than those in the highest quartile. Similarly, participants with the weakest grip strength were at greater risk of hospitalization (multivariate IRR=1.52, 95% CI=1.30–1.78, Q1 vs. Q4). Comparable results were seen for knee strength, walking pace, and chair stands pace. Lean mass and muscle area were not associated with risk of hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Weak strength, poor function, and low muscle density, but not muscle size or lean mass, were associated with greater risk of hospitalization. Interventions to reduce the disease burden associated with sarcopenia should focus on increasing muscle strength and improving physical function rather than simply increasing lean mass.

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Authors: Cawthon, P. M., Fox, K. M., Gandra, S. R., Delmonico, M. J., Chiou, C., Anthony, M. S., Sewall, A., Goodpaster, B., Satterfield, S., Cummings, S. R., Harris, T. B., & for the Health, A. A. B. C. S.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Amgen (United States) (US)
Corresponding author: Cawthon, Peggy Mannen
ORCID: Cawthon, Peggy Mannen
Fox, Kathleen M.
Delmonico, Matthew J.
Anthony, Mary S.
Goodpaster, Bret
Satterfield, Suzanne
Cummings, Steven R.
Harris, Tamara B.
Venue: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2009-07-29
Volume: 57
Issue: 8
Pages: 1411-1419
ISSN: 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
1532-5415
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02366.x
PMC: PMC3269169
OpenAlex: W2103784531
Cited by: 414
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 9.53
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Journal of Media Literacy Education (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: Amgen
National Institutes of Health (n01ag062101-007, n01ag062103-006, n01ag062106-007)
National Institute on Aging (N01‐AG‐6–2101, N01 AG062106, N01AG62106, N01-AG-62103, N01 AG062103, N01 AG062101)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
Keywords: hospitalization risk, older adults, muscle strength, muscle density, sarcopenia, lean body mass, physical function, grip strength, quadriceps strength, walking speed, chair stand, muscle fat infiltration, health-related quality of life
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Composition, Female, Medicare, Hospitalization, Humans, Knee Joint, Male, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Risk, Thigh, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, United States, Absorptiometry, Photon, Geriatric Assessment, Poisson Distribution, Walking, Muscle, Skeletal, Hand Strength, Torque, Muscle Strength

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Do Muscle Mass, Muscle Density, Strength, and Physical Function Similarly Influence Risk of Hospitalization in Older Adults?

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