Cited by 123Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNursing care and researchFamily Caregiving in Mental Illness

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Caring for Individuals with Dementia and Cognitive Impairment, Not Dementia: Findings from the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To compare the characteristics and outcomes of caregivers of adults with dementia with those of caregivers of adults with cognitive impairment, not dementia (CIND). DESIGN: Cross‐sectional. SETTING: In‐home assessment for cognitive impairment and self‐administered caregiving questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred sixty‐nine primary family caregivers of participants in the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS). ADAMS participants were aged 71 and older drawn from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study. MEASUREMENTS: Neuropsychological testing, neurological examination, clinical assessment, and medical history were used to assign a diagnosis of normal cognition, CIND, or dementia. Caregiving measures included caregiving time, functional limitations, depressive symptoms, physical and emotional strain, caregiving rewards, caregiver health, and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Dementia caregivers spent approximately 9 hours per day providing care, compared with 4 hours per day for CIND caregivers ( P =.001). Forty‐four percent of dementia caregivers exhibited depressive symptoms, compared with 26.5% of CIND caregivers ( P =.03). Physical and emotional strains were similar in both groups of caregivers. Regardless of the strains, nearly all caregivers reported some benefits from providing care. Behavioral problems ( P =.01) and difficulty with instrumental activities of daily living ( P =.01) in persons with CIND partially explained emotional strain experienced by CIND caregivers. For those with dementia, behavioral problems predicted caregiver emotional strain ( P <.001) and depressive symptoms ( P =.01). CONCLUSION: Although support services are available to dementia caregivers, CIND caregivers also expend considerable time and experience strains. The real caregiver burden of cognitive impairment in the U.S. population may therefore be greatly underestimated if people who have reached the diagnostic threshold for dementia are focused on exclusively.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03304.x

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Welsh KA, 1993, Detection of dementia in the elderly using telephone screening of cognitive status, Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol, 6, 103
  2. OfstedalMB FisherGG HerzogAR.2005. Documentation of cognitive functioning measures in the Health and Retirement Study. HRS/AHEAD Documentation Report DR‐006. Survey Research Center at the Institute for Social Research University of Michigan [on‐line]. Available athttp://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu/sitedocs/userg/dr‐006.pdfAccessed February 19 2010. · DOI · Paper page
  3. American Psychiatric Association, 1994, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fourth Edition
  4. Schneider LS, 2001, NIMH‐CATIE, Alzheimer's disease clinical trial methodology, 9, 346

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Metadata

Authors
Fisher, G. G., Franks, M. M., Plassman, B. L., Brown, S. L., Potter, G. G., Llewellyn, D., Rogers, M. A. M., & Langa, K. M.
Affiliations
Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Venue
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2011-03
Volume
59
Issue
3
Pages
488-494
ISSN
  • 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-5415
OpenAlex
W1480900123
Cited by
123
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
FWCI
5.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Aging (R01AG030155, U01AG009740, R01AG027010)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH087741)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing care and research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
Keywords
dementia, family caregivers, caregiver burden, depressive symptoms, caregiving time, behavioral problems, instrumental activities of daily living, older adults
MeSH terms
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Cognition Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dementia, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Time Factors, United States, Linear Models, Caregivers

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