Cited by 107Geriatric Care and Nursing HomesDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchHospital Admissions and Outcomes

Transitions in Care in a Nationally Representative Sample of Older Americans with Dementia

Open access
Callahan, Christopher M., Tu, Wanzhu, Unroe, Kathleen T., LaMantia, Michael A., Stump, Timothy E., Clark, Daniel O.·2015·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Abstract

Objectives: To describe transitions in care for older adults with dementia identified from a nationally representative cohort and to describe transition rates in those with more‐severe levels of cognitive and functional impairment. Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Setting: Health and Retirement Study ( HRS ). Participants: HRS respondents aged 65 and older whose survey data were linked with Medicare claims from 1999 to 2008 (N = 16,186). Measurements: Transitions in care between home, home with formal services, hospital, and nursing facility care; cognitive function; activities of daily living; and mortality. Results: The 3,447 (21.3%) HRS subjects who were ever diagnosed with dementia experienced frequent transitions. Of subjects transitioning from a hospital stay, 52.2% returned home without home care services, and 33.8% transitioned to a nursing facility. Of subjects transitioning from a nursing facility, 59.2% transitioned to the hospital, and 25.3% returned home without services. There were 2,139 transitions to death, and 58.7% of HRS subjects with dementia died at home. Even in persons with moderate to severe dementia, multiple transitions in care were documented, including transitions from the hospital to home and back to the hospital. Conclusion: In this nationally representative sample of older adults, subjects diagnosed with dementia experience frequent transitions. Persons with dementia who are cared for at home and who transition back to home often have moderate to severe impairments in function and cognition.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/jgs.13540

Cites

30 of 30 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Evidence shows that people with dementia receive suboptimal care coordination.

    “Despite their distinct transitional care needs and heightened vulnerability, emerging evidence documents that people with dementia receive suboptimal care coordination.13, 14”

    From Discharge Communication of Dementia-Related Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Care Management Strategies during Hospital to Skilled Nursing Facility Transitions (2021) · cites this paper as [14]

    The Introduction describes potentially preventable care transitions, and the Discussion reports that some people with substantial dementia-related impairments return home without formal services. The Discussion also identifies inefficiencies in the current system and a need to improve transitions. These findings suggest gaps in care, but the paper does not directly assess whether people with dementia receive suboptimal care coordination. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • People living with dementia experience care transitions more often and more challengingly than the general population.

    “As a result, people living with dementia experience care transitions more often and more challenging than the general population (Callahan et al., 2015; Downs & Bowers, 2014; Phelan et al., 2012).”

    From Mind the gap: a systematic review of barriers, facilitators, and experiences of care transitions for people living with dementia and their informal caregivers. (2026) · cites this paper as Callahan et al., 2015

    The Results report more care transitions among older adults with dementia than among those without dementia. The Introduction describes transitions as potentially high-risk for medical errors and patient and family burden, but the paper does not establish that transitions are more challenging for people with dementia than for the general population. Its comparison is with older adults without dementia, not the general population. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Studies have shown twofold differences between hospital use in dementia compared with non-dementia cohorts, including those that addressed differences in population characteristics using propensity score matching.

    “Studies have shown twofold differences between hospital use in dementia compared with non-dementia cohorts,5 11 31 32 including those who have addressed the differences in population characteristics using propensity score matching.3”

    From Trajectories of health system use and survival for community-dwelling persons with dementia: a cohort study (2020) · cites this paper as [11]

    The Results (page unavailable in our copy) say that older adults with dementia were more likely to be hospitalized than those without dementia, but the passages do not establish a twofold difference. The propensity-score-matching clause is attached to a different citation in the citing sentence, so it is not assessed against this paper. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Our findings are consistent with previous work that has demonstrated persons with dementia experience poorer survival and shorter time to long-term care transition than those without dementia, although the magnitude of the differences we show is not as large as in some previous work.

    “Our findings are consistent with previous work that has demonstrated persons with dementia experience poorer survival2 26 and shorter time to long-term care transition than those without dementia,11 however the magnitude of the differences we show is not as large as in some previous work.”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Callahan, C. M., Tu, W., Unroe, K. T., LaMantia, M. A., Stump, T. E., & Clark, D. O.
Affiliations
  • Regenstrief Institute (US)
  • Indiana University Indianapolis (US)
Corresponding author
Callahan, Christopher M.
Venue
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2015-07-22
Volume
63
Issue
8
Pages
1495-1502
ISSN
  • 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-5415
OpenAlex
W1511970718
Cited by
107
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5
FWCI
12.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
  • PMC
Funders
National Institute on Aging (R01 AG031222, K24 AG024078)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Hospital Admissions and Outcomes
Keywords
dementia, care transitions, older adults, nursing facilities, hospital readmission, home care, cognitive impairment, activities of daily living, mortality, end-of-life care, Medicare claims data
MeSH terms
Aged, Dementia, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Services for the Aged, Homes for the Aged, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nursing Homes, Retrospective Studies, United States

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review