Cited by 249Frailty in Older AdultsInflammatory Biomarkers in Disease PrognosisNutrition and Health in Aging

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Interleukin‐6, C‐Reactive Protein, and Tumor Necrosis Factor‐Alpha as Predictors of Mortality in Frail, Community‐Living Elderly Individuals

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Giovannini, Silvia, Onder, Graziano, Liperoti, Rosa, Russo, Andrea, Carter, Christy, Capoluongo, Ettore, Pahor, Marco, Bernabei, Roberto, Landi, Francesco·2011·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03570.xPMC PMC4321727

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), C‐reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) protein levels predict all‐cause mortality in older persons living in the community. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Data were from the Aging and Longevity Study in the Sirente Geographic Area, a prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged 80 and older living in an Italian mountain community (N=362). MEASUREMENTS: Participants were classified according to the median value of the three inflammation markers (IL‐6, 2.08 pg/mL; TNF‐α, 1.43 pg/mL; CRP, 3.08 mg/L). A composite summary score of inflammation was also created. The main outcome was risk of death after 4 years of follow‐up. RESULTS: One hundred fifty deaths occurred during 4 years of follow‐up. In the unadjusted model, high levels of each of the three markers were associated with greater mortality. After adjusting for potential confounders, high levels of IL‐6 (hazard ratio (HR)=2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.29–3.69) and CRP (HR=2.58, 95% CI=1.52–4.40) were associated with a significantly greater risk of death, whereas the association between TNF‐α protein levels and mortality was no longer significant (HR=1.26, 95% CI=0.74–2.15). The composite summary score of inflammation was strongly associated with mortality, with the highest risk estimated for individuals with all three inflammatory markers above the median. CONCLUSION: Low levels of inflammatory markers are associated with better survival in older adults, independent of age and other clinical and functional variables.

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Authors: Giovannini, S., Onder, G., Liperoti, R., Russo, A., Carter, C., Capoluongo, E., Pahor, M., Bernabei, R., & Landi, F.
Affiliations: Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
ORCID: Giovannini, Silvia
Onder, Graziano
Liperoti, Rosa
Russo, Andrea
Carter, Christy
Capoluongo, Ettore
Bernabei, Roberto
Landi, Francesco
Venue: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2011-08-24
Volume: 59
Issue: 9
Pages: 1679-1685
ISSN: 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
1532-5415
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03570.x
PMC: PMC4321727
OpenAlex: W1562509057
Cited by: 249
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 3.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (R01AG017994, R01AG021042, P30AG028740)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Keywords: interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, TNF-α, inflammatory markers, all-cause mortality, frail elderly, community-dwelling older adults
MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over, C-Reactive Protein, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Mortality, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Residence Characteristics, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Biomarkers, Interleukin-6, Frail Elderly

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Interleukin‐6, C‐Reactive Protein, and Tumor Necrosis Factor‐Alpha as Predictors of Mortality in Frail, Community‐Living Elderly Individuals

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