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Cited by 236Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentHeart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlAttachment and Relationship Dynamics

ABSTRACT

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Mona El‐Sheikh, Chrystyna D. Kouros, Stephen Andrew Erath, Edward Mark Cummings, Peggy Sue Keller, Lori Elmore‐Staton·2009·Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development
DOI 10.1111/j.1540-5834.2009.00501.xPMC PMC2918238
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Abstract

Toward greater specificity in the prediction of externalizing problems in the context of interparental conflict, interactions between children's parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system (PNS and SNS) activity were examined as moderators. PNS activity was indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and RSA reactivity (RSA-R) to lab challenges. SNS activity was indexed by skin conductance level (SCL) and SCL reactivity (SCL-R) to lab challenges. Moderation hypotheses were examined in 3 multi-informant studies with children ranging in age between 7 and 9 in Studies 1 and 2 and between 6 and 12 in Study 3. Findings are robust across studies and provide the first reported evidence of interactions between PNS and SNS activity as moderators of the association between children's exposure to marital conflict and externalizing behaviors. More specifically, opposing action of the PNS and SNS (i.e., coactivation and coinhibition) operated as a vulnerability factor for externalizing behavior in the context of marital conflict. Conversely, coordinated action of the PNS and SNS (i.e., reciprocal PNS or SNS activation) operated as a protective factor. Results are supportive of the authors' proposed biopsychosocial framework in which individual differences in the coordination of the activity of the PNS and SNS can function as vulnerability or protective factors in the context of family risk. Findings extend current theory indicating the importance of multisystem investigations for clarifying inconsistencies and discrepancies in the literature linking environmental stress, physiological responses, and child adjustment.

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  • Low sympathetic activation was a protective factor in infants whose concurrent parasympathetic activation was elevated (reciprocal parasympathetic activation).

    “In contrast, low sympathetic activation was a protective factor in infants whose concurrent parasympathetic activation was elevated (reciprocal parasympathetic activation).”

    From A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ON THE IMPACT OF EXPOSURE TO INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH (2014) · cites this paper as El-Sheikh et al., 2009

    The Introduction defines reciprocal parasympathetic activation as sympathetic inhibition alongside parasympathetic activation, and the Study 1 Results say this pattern appeared protective in the context of high marital conflict. But the Study 1 Methods identify the participants as third-grade children (mean age 8.69 years), not infants. The protective finding concerns children’s externalizing behavior under marital conflict, so it does not establish the claim for infants. (LLM, conf=0.91)

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  • Low sympathetic activation in children aged 6 to 12 was a vulnerability factor for problem behaviours measured in the context of decreased parasympathetic activation (co-inhibition).

    “More specifically, low sympathetic activation in children (aged 6 to 12 years) was a vulnerability factor for problem behaviours measured in the context of decreased parasympathetic activation (co-inhibition).”

    From A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ON THE IMPACT OF EXPOSURE TO INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH (2014) · cites this paper as El-Sheikh et al., 2009

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Authors
El‐Sheikh, M., Kouros, C. D., Erath, S. A., Cummings, E. M., Keller, P. S., & Elmore‐Staton, L.
ORCID
Venue
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2009-03-18
Volume
74
Issue
1
Pages
vii-vii
ISSN
  • 0037-976X (ISSN-L)
  • 1540-5834
DOI
10.1111/j.1540-5834.2009.00501.x
PMC
PMC2918238
OpenAlex
W4244218310
Cited by
236
References
10
Citations by year
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Type
conference abstract
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (0339115)
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station (ALA080-001)
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R29AA010591)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD046795)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Keywords
parental conflict, externalizing problems, autonomic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, skin conductance, moderation, biopsychosocial framework, child adjustment, familial risk
MeSH terms
Child, Child Behavior, Child Behavior Disorders, Female, Galvanic Skin Response, Humans, Male, Parasympathetic Nervous System, Parent-Child Relations, Stress, Psychological, Sympathetic Nervous System, Family Conflict

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