The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Private Benefits of Control: An International Comparison
Open accessAbstract
We estimate private benefits of control in 39 countries using 393 controlling blocks sales. On average the value of control is 14 percent, but in some countries can be as low as −4 percent, in others as high a +65 percent. As predicted by theory, higher private benefits of control are associated with less developed capital markets, more concentrated ownership, and more privately negotiated privatizations. We also analyze what institutions are most important in curbing private benefits. We find evidence for both legal and extra‐legal mechanisms. In a multivariate analysis, however, media pressure and tax enforcement seem to be the dominating factors.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
La Porta, R., Lopez‐de‐Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. W. (1998) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/250042 · Cited by 18,025
A Survey of Corporate Governance
Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. W. (1997) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb04820.x · Cited by 16,243
Legal Determinants of External Finance
LA PORTA, R., LOPEZ‐DE‐SILANES, F., SHLEIFER, A., & VISHNY, R. W. (1997) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb02727.x · Cited by 9,783
Investor protection and corporate governance
La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (2000) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/s0304-405x(00)00065-9 · Cited by 6,848
The Value of the Voting Right: A Study of the Milan Stock Exchange Experience
Zingales, L. (1994) · Review of Financial Studies · doi:10.1093/rfs/7.1.125 · Cited by 970
Self-citation
Cited by
The Economic Consequences of Legal Origins
Porta, R. L., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Shleifer, A. (2008) · Journal of Economic Literature · doi:10.1257/jel.46.2.285 · Cited by 3,220
Chapter 12 Finance and Growth: Theory and Evidence
Levine, R. (2005) · Handbook of Economic Growth · doi:10.1016/s1574-0684(05)01012-9 · Cited by 2,889
Why Do Family Firms Strive for Nonfinancial Goals? An Organizational Identity Perspective
Zellweger, T. M., Nason, R. S., Nordqvist, M., & Brush, C. G. (2013) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00466.x · Cited by 734
Legal protection of investors, corporate governance, and the cost of equity capital
Chen, K. C. W., Chen, Z., & Wei, K. C. J. (2009) · Journal of Corporate Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2009.01.001 · Cited by 669
The Value of Financial Statement Verification in Debt Financing: Evidence from Private U.S. Firms
MINNIS, M. (2011) · Journal of Accounting Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-679x.2011.00411.x · Cited by 616
Metadata
- Authors
- Dyck, A., & Zingales, L.
- Venue
- The Journal of Finance
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-03-25
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 537-600
- ISSN
- 0022-1082 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-6261
- OpenAlex
- W3123748565
- Cited by
- 2,509
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 507.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Private Benefits of Control: An International Comparison. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00642.x
- The paper
- Dyck, A., & Zingales, L. (2004). Private Benefits of Control: An International Comparison. The Journal of Finance. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00642.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.