The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 105 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Prevalence of autism according to maternal immigrant status and ethnic origin: Autism, maternal immigrant status and ethnic origin
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the rates of autism separately according to maternal immigrant status and ethnic origin in respect to the vitamin D insufficiency hypothesis. METHOD: Articles were identified by electronic searches. Studies were selected when they analysed autism rates according to maternal immigrant status and/or ethnic origin using multivariate techniques. RESULTS: This review gave further support to the association between maternal immigrant status and an increased risk of autism. The relationship with ethnic origin was more complex. Although the crude rates did not differ, multivariate analyses taking into account confounding factors found that black ethnicity was associated with an increased risk for autism. The risk was highly significant when considering the strict definition of autistic disorders as opposed to the large definition of other pervasive developmental disorders. The risk was also very significant for autism associated with mental retardation. CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with the maternal vitamin D insufficiency hypothesis. Neurobiological studies are warranted to document the effect of maternal vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy on the foetal brain and the window of vulnerability. This review stresses the importance of monitoring vitamin D levels in pregnant women, especially those who are immigrant, dark-skinned or veiled, and the urgency of randomized controlled trials.
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“An alternative explanation, not linked to stress, is reduced vitamin D levels in dark skinned migrants moving to the northern hemisphere [224].”
From The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (2019) · cites this paper as [224]
Citations
Cites
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Epidemiology of Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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Schizophrenia and migration: A meta-analysis and review
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The Epidemiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Newschaffer, C. J., Croen, L. A., Daniels, J., Giarelli, E., Grether, J. K., Levy, S. E., Mandell, D. S., Miller, L. A., Pinto-Martin, J., Reaven, J., et al. (2007) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.28.021406.144007 · Cited by 1,228
Nesby-O’Dell, S., Scanlon, K. S., Cogswell, M. E., Gillespie, C., Hollis, B. W., Looker, A. C., Allen, C., Doughertly, C., Gunter, E. W., & Bowman, B. A. (2002) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/76.1.187 · Cited by 1,001
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Research works printed but not linked: 3
- American Psychiatric Association, 2000, Diagnostic and statistical manuel of mental disorders
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/209850
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/180500
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Items 101–101 of 101
Gele, A. A., & Duale, H. A. (2026) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-026-06765-y
Metadata
- Authors
- Dealberto, M.-J.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Dealberto, M.-J.
- Venue
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-01-11
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 339-348
- ISSN
- 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1633054845
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 105
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, ethnicity, prenatal vitamin D deficiency, autism prevalence, Black ethnicity, pervasive developmental disorders, intellectual disability, pregnancy, veiled women, dark skin pigmentation
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Calcifediol, Child, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Intellectual Disability, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Vitamin D Deficiency, Vitamins, Prevalence, Emigrants and Immigrants
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