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Cited by 1,001Vitamin D Research StudiesNutrition and Health StudiesBone health and osteoporosis research

Hypovitaminosis D prevalence and determinants among African American and white women of reproductive age: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994

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Nesby-O’Dell, Shanna, Scanlon, Kelley S, Cogswell, Mary E, Gillespie, Cathleen, Hollis, Bruce W, Looker, Anne C, Allen, Chris, Doughertly, Cindy +2 more·2002·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1093/ajcn/76.1.187
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Abstract

Background Recent reports of rickets among African American children drew attention to the vitamin D status of these infants and their mothers. African American women are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency than are white women, but few studies have examined determinants of hypovitaminosis D in this population. Objective We examined the prevalence and determinants of hypovitaminosis D among African American and white women of reproductive age. Design We examined 1546 African American women and 1426 white women aged 15-49 y who were not pregnant and who participated in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994). Hypovitaminosis D was defined as a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration < or =37.5 nmol/L. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the independent association of dietary, demographic, and behavioral determinants of hypovitaminosis D. Results The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 42.4 +/- 3.1% ( +/- SE) among African Americans and 4.2 +/- 0.7% among whites. Among African Americans, hypovitaminosis D was independently associated with consumption of milk or breakfast cereal <3 times/wk, no use of vitamin D supplements, season, urban residence, low body mass index, and no use of oral contraceptives. Even among 243 African Americans who consumed the adequate intake of vitamin D from supplements (200 IU/d), 28.2 +/- 2.7% had hypovitaminosis D. Conclusions The high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among African American women warrants further examination of vitamin D recommendations for these women. The determinants of hypovitaminosis D among women should be considered when these women are advised on dietary intake and supplement use.

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Authors
Nesby-O’Dell, S., Scanlon, K. S., Cogswell, M. E., Gillespie, C., Hollis, B. W., Looker, A. C., Allen, C., Doughertly, C., Gunter, E. W., & Bowman, B. A.
Affiliations
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
ORCID
Venue
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-07
Volume
76
Issue
1
Pages
187-192
ISSN
0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/76.1.187
OpenAlex
W1948742032
Cited by
1,001
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 85
FWCI
24.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Keywords
vitamin D deficiency, African American women, white women, women of reproductive age, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D supplements, dietary intake, milk consumption, breakfast cereals, seasons, urban residence, body mass index, oral contraceptives, rickets, racial disparities
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Animals, Black or African American, Calcifediol, Edible Grain, Contraceptives, Oral, Diet, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Milk, Nutrition Surveys, Reproduction, Seasons, Urban Population, Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Body Mass Index, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Dietary Supplements, Black People, White People

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