Maternal vitamin D deficiency and the risk of autism spectrum disorders: population-based study
Open accessAbstract
Background: Maternal vitamin D deficiency may increase risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but direct evidence is lacking. Aims: To clarify the relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency and offspring risk of ASD with and without intellectual disability. Method: Using a register-based total population study (N=509 639), we calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIS) of ASD with and without intellectual disability in relation to lifetime diagnoses of maternal vitamin D deficiency. Although rare, such deficiency was associated with offspring risk of ASD with, but not without, intellectual disability (aORs 2.51, 95% CI 1.22–5.16 and 1.28, 0.68–2.42). Relationships were stronger in non-immigrant children. Conclusions: If reflecting associations for prenatal hypovitaminosis, these findings imply gestational vitamin D substitution as a means of ASD prevention.
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A Swedish whole population register-based study found vitamin D deficiency was associated with offspring risk of ASD with, but not without, intellectual disability (ORs 2.51 and 1.28, 95% CI 1.22-5.16 and 0.68-2.42).
“A later Swedish whole population register-based study found, that although rare, vitamin D deficiency was associated with offspring risk of ASD with, but not without, intellectual disability (ORs 2.51 and 1.28, 95% CI 1.22–5.16 and 0.68–2.42) [162].”
From The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (2019) · cites this paper as [162]
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Self-citationAutism Spectrum Disorders in the Stockholm Youth Cohort: Design, Prevalence and Validity
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Self-citationFamily History of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder as Risk Factors for Autism
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Self-citationMigration and autism spectrum disorder: population-based study
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Self-citationAutism Spectrum Disorder and low vitamin D at birth: A sibling control study
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The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder
Bölte, S., Girdler, S., & Marschik, P. B. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-018-2988-4 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
The familial risk of autism spectrum disorder with and without intellectual disability
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- Authors
- Magnusson, C., Kosidou, K., Dalman, C., Lundberg, M., Lee, B. K., Rai, D., Karlsson, H., Gardner, R., & Arver, S.
- Affiliations
- Region Stockholm (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Magnusson, Cecilia
- ORCID
- Venue
- BJPsych Open
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 170-172
- ISSN
- 2056-4724 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4998950
- OpenAlex
- W2322244478
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 8.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BJPsych Open (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Vetenskapsrådet (523‐2010‐1052)
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R21ES023760)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Keywords
- maternal vitamin D deficiency, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, offspring risk
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