The DOI matches its Crossref record; 171 of the 171 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hypopigmenting agents: an updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects
Open accessAbstract
Summary: An overview of agents causing hypopigmentation in human skin is presented. The review is organized to put forward groups of biological and chemical agents. Their mechanisms of action cover (i) tyrosinase inhibition, maturation and enhancement of its degradation; (ii) Mitf inhibition; (iii) downregulation of MC1R activity; (iv) interference with melanosome maturation and transfer; (v) melanocyte loss, desquamation and chemical peeling. Tyrosinase inhibition is the most common approach to achieve skin hypopigmentation as this enzyme catalyses the rate‐limiting step of pigmentation. Despite the large number of tyrosinase inhibitors in vitro, only a few are able to induce effects in clinical trials. The gap between in‐vitro and in‐vivo studies suggests that innovative strategies are needed for validating their efficacy and safety. Successful treatments need the combination of two or more agents acting on different mechanisms to achieve a synergistic effect. In addition to tyrosinase inhibition, other parameters related to cytotoxicity, solubility, cutaneous absorption, penetration and stability of the agents should be considered. The screening test system is also very important as keratinocytes play an active role in modulating melanogenesis within melanocytes. Mammalian skin or at least keratinocytes/melanocytes co‐cultures should be preferred rather than pure melanocyte cultures or soluble tyrosinase.
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Cites
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Self-citationMushroom Tyrosinase: Recent Prospects
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Melanocytes and the Microphthalmia Transcription Factor Network
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The effect of niacinamide on reducing cutaneous pigmentation and suppression of melanosome transfer
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Self-citationTaieb, A., Alomar, A., Böhm, M., Dell’Anna, M. L., De Pase, A., Eleftheriadou, V., Ezzedine, K., Gauthier, Y., Gawkrodger, D. J., Jouary, T., et al. (2013) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11197.x · Cited by 450
Self-citationMechanisms regulating skin pigmentation: The rise and fall of complexion coloration
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Metadata
- Authors
- Solano, F., Briganti, S., Picardo, M., & Ghanem, G.
- Venue
- Pigment Cell Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-08-08
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 550-571
- ISSN
- 0893-5785 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0749
- OpenAlex
- W2149250648
- Cited by
- 696
- References
- 171
- FWCI
- 8.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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