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Cited by 560Cardiovascular and exercise physiologySports Performance and TrainingHeart rate and cardiovascular health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A comparison between three rating scales for perceived exertion and two different work tests

Borg, E., Kaijser, L.·2006·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.00448.x
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Abstract

In the present article, three scales developed by Borg are compared on bicycle ergometer work. In the first study, comparing the Borg Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) and Category scales with Ratio properties (CR10) scales, 40 healthy subjects (12 men and eight women for each scale) with a mean age of about 30 years (SD approximately 6) participated. A work-test protocol with step-wise increase of work loads every minute was used (20 W increase for men and 15 W for women). Ratings and heart rates (HRs) were recorded every minute and blood lactates every third minute. Data obtained with the RPE scale were described with linear regressions, with individual correlations of about 0.98. Data obtained with the CR10 scale could also be described by linear regressions, but when described by power functions gave exponents of about 1.2 (SD approximately 0.4) (with one additional constant included in the power function). This was significantly lower than the exponent of between 1.5 and 1.9 that has previously been observed. Mean individual correlations were 0.98. Blood lactate concentration grew with monotonously increasing functions that could be described by power functions with a mean exponent of about 2.6 (SD approximately 0.6) (with two additional constants included in the power functions). In the second study, where also the more recently developed Borg CR100 scale (centiMax) was included, 24 healthy subjects (12 men and 12 women) with a mean age of about 29 years (SD approximately 3) participated in a work test with a step-wise increase of work loads (25 W) every third minute. Ratings and HRs were recorded. RPE values were described by linear regressions with individual correlations of about 0.97. Data from the two CR scales were described by power functions with mean exponents of about 1.4 (SD approximately 0.5) (with a-values in the power functions). Mean individual correlations were about 0.98. In both studies, a tendency for a deviation from linearity between RPE values and HRs was observed. The obtained deviations from what has previously been obtained for work of longer duration (4-6 min) points to a need for standardization of work-test protocols and to the advantage of using CR scales.

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 15

  1. Bauman M, 2004, Fechner day 2004, 304
  2. Borg G., 1961, Interindividual scaling and perception of muscular force, K Fysiogr Saellsk Lund Foerh, 31, 117
  3. Borg G., 1962, Physical performance and perceived exertion (Studia Psychologica et Paedagogica. Series altera, Investigationes XI)
  4. Borg G., 1982, Psychophysical judgment and the process of perception, 25
  5. Borg G., 1985, An introduction to Borg's RPE scale
  6. Borg G, 2001, A new generation of scaling methods, level-anchored ratio scaling, 28, 15
  7. Borg G, 1987, Relationships between perceived exertion, HR and HLa in cycling, running and walking, Scand J Sports Sci, 9, 69
  8. Buckworth J, 2002, Exercise psychology
  9. HassménP.Perceived exertion: applications in sports and exercise [dissertation]. Department of Psychology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden 1991.
  10. Jorfeldt L, 2003, Det kliniska arbetsprovet, 63
  11. Keul J, 1979, Bestimmung der individuellen anaeroben Schwelle zur Leistungsbewertung und Trainingsgestaltung, Deut Z Sportmed, 30, 212
  12. Löllgen H., 2002, Kardiopulmonale Funktionsdiagnostik
  13. Marks LE., 1994, Sensory processes
  14. Noble BJ, 1996, Perceived exertion
  15. Wahlund H., 1948, Determination of the physical working capacity, Acta Med Scand, 215

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Metadata

Authors
Borg, E., & Kaijser, L.
Affiliations
  • Stockholm University (SE)
  • Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Corresponding author
Borg, E.
ORCID
Borg, E.
Venue
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2005-03-02
Volume
16
Issue
1
Pages
57-69
ISSN
  • 0905-7188 (ISSN-L)
  • 1600-0838
DOI
10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.00448.x
OpenAlex
W2074023979
Cited by
558
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 13
FWCI
9.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart rate and cardiovascular health
Keywords
rating of perceived exertion, Borg CR-10 scale, Borg RPE scale, heart rate, blood lactate, power function relationship, sex differences
MeSH terms
Adult, Bicycling, Exercise Test, Physical Exertion, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Perception, Sweden, Work

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