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Translation and measurement properties of the Swedish version of ACL‐Return to Sports after Injury questionnaire
Open accessAbstract
Psychological factors may be a hindrance for returning to sport after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The ACL‐Return to Sport after Injury scale (ACL‐RSI) measures athletes' emotions, confidence in performance, and risk appraisal in relation to return to sport. The aim of this study was to translate the ACL‐RSI scale from English to Swedish and to examine some of the measurement properties of the Swedish version. The ACL‐RSI was translated and culturally adapted. A professional expert group and five patients evaluated face validity. One hundred and eighty‐two patients completed the translated ACL‐RSI, a project‐specific questionnaire, the T ampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), the Knee‐Self‐Efficacy Scale (K‐SES), the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC‐C), the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and the Anterior Cruciate Ligament‐Quality of Life (ACL‐QoL) questionnaires. Fifty‐three patients answered the ACL‐RSI twice to examine reproducibility. The ACL‐RSI showed good face validity, internal consistency (C ronbach's alpha = 0.948), low floor and ceiling effects and high construct validity when evaluated against the TSK, K‐SES, MHLC‐C, KOOS, and ACL‐QoL scales. The reproducibility was also high (intra‐class correlation = 0.893). Therefore, the ACL‐RSI can be used to evaluate psychological factors relevant to returning to sport after ACL reconstruction surgery.
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Several papers have reported correlations between ACL-RSI and TSK-11 scores in the adult population after ACL reconstruction.
“Although psychological readiness and kinesiophobia are two unique constructs, several papers have reported correlations between ACL-RSI and TSK-11 scores in the adult population after ACLR (Kvist et al., 2013; Harput et al., 2017; Sala-Barat et al., 2020).”
From The relationship between psychological readiness to return to sport and kinesiophobia in teens and young adults after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (2025) · cites this paper as Kvist et al., 2013
Significant negative correlations have been reported between ACL-RSI and TSK-11, ranging from weak to strong, suggesting that greater psychological readiness to return to sport may be associated with lower kinesiophobia.
“Significant negative correlations have been reported between the ACL-RSI and the TSK-11, ranging from weak to strong, suggesting that greater psychological readiness to RTS may be associated with lower kinesiophobia (Kvist et al., 2013; Harput et al., 2017; Slagers et al., 2017; Sala-Barat et al., 2020).”
From The relationship between psychological readiness to return to sport and kinesiophobia in teens and young adults after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (2025) · cites this paper as Kvist et al., 2013
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Butler, L., Baez, S., Walker, C., Roman, D., Douthit, T., Kuenze, C., Ulman, S., & ARROW (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1623398 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Kvist, J., Österberg, A., Gauffin, H., Tagesson, S., Webster, K., & Ardern, C.
- Affiliations
- Linköping University (SE)
- Linköping University Hospital (SE)
- La Trobe University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Kvist, J.
- Venue
- Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-01-18
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 568-575
- ISSN
- 0905-7188 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0838
- OpenAlex
- W1571093830
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 5.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- urn.kb.se
- Licence
- Locations
- Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Keywords
- anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, return to sport, psychological factors, Swedish translation, cross-cultural adaptation, measurement properties, construct validity, reproducibility, kinesiophobia, health locus of control
- MeSH terms
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries, Adult, Athletic Injuries, Fear, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Recurrence, Sweden, Translations, Reproducibility of Results, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Recovery of Function, Self Efficacy, Young Adult, Athletes, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
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