Motor skills and school performance in children with daily physical education in school—A 9-year intervention study
Abstract
The aim was to study long-term effects on motor skills and school performance of increased physical education (PE). All pupils born 1990-1992 from one school were included in a longitudinal study over nine years. An intervention group (n = 129) achieved daily PE (5 × 45 min/week) and if needed one extra lesson of adapted motor training. The control group (n = 91) had PE two lessons/week. Motor skills were evaluated by the Motor Skills Development as Ground for Learning observation checklist and school achievements by marks in Swedish, English, Mathematics, and PE and proportion of pupils who qualified for upper secondary school. In school year 9 there were motor skills deficits in 7% of pupils in the intervention group compared to 47% in the control group (P < 0.001), 96% of the pupils in the intervention group compared to 89% in the control group (P < 0.05) qualified for upper secondary school. The sum of evaluated marks was higher among boys in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The sum of marks was also higher in pupils with no motor skills deficit than among pupils with motor skills deficits (P < 0.01), as was the proportion of pupils who qualified for upper secondary school (97% vs 81%, P < 0.001). Daily PE and adapted motor skills training during the compulsory school years is a feasible way to improve not only motor skills but also school performance and the proportion of pupils who qualify for upper secondary school.
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PA intensity is essential for properly elucidating the effects of exercise on cognition.
“whereas PA intensity was hardly addressed, even though it is essential for properly elucidating the effects of exercise on cognition (43).”
From Children's Physical Activity, Academic Performance, and Cognitive Functioning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [43]
Several studies advocate that physical activity improves academic and/or cognitive performance.
“Notably, several studies advocate PA to improve academic and/or cognitive performance [15,16,17,18,19].”
From The Effects of Physical Activity on Academic Performance in School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [15]
The results reported reflect those of Marques et al. [14], Ericsson and Karlsson [15], Aadland et al. [25] and Rasberry et al. [28].
“Nevertheless, the results reported reflect those of Marques et al. [14], Ericsson and Karlsson [15], Aadland et al. [25] and Rasberry et al. [28].”
From The Effects of Physical Activity on Academic Performance in School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [15]
The practice of physical activity improves academic performance.
“the practice of physical activity improves academic performance [7,8,9].”
From Lifestyle Habits Predict Academic Performance in High School Students: The Adolescent Student Academic Performance Longitudinal Study (ASAP) (2019) · cites this paper as [7]
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- Authors
- Ericsson, I., & Karlsson, M. K.
- Affiliations
- Malmö University (SE)
- Lund University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Ericsson, I.
- ORCID
- Karlsson, M. K.
- Venue
- Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-04-09
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 273-278
- ISSN
- 0905-7188 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0838
- OpenAlex
- W1938100293
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 9.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Malmö University Publications (Malmö University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Lunds Universitet
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Pedagogy
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Training Studies
- Keywords
- daily physical education, motor skills, academic performance, compulsory school, long-term intervention, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Achievement, Child, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Motor Skills, Physical Education and Training, Prospective Studies, School Admission Criteria, Sweden, Time Factors
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