Survival Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation (SOFT) Score: A Novel Method to Predict Patient Survival Following Liver Transplantation
Open accessAbstract
It is critical to balance waitlist mortality against posttransplant mortality. Our objective was to devise a scoring system that predicts recipient survival at 3 months following liver transplantation to complement MELD-predicted waitlist mortality. Univariate and multivariate analysis on 21,673 liver transplant recipients identified independent recipient and donor risk factors for posttransplant mortality. A retrospective analysis conducted on 30,321 waitlisted candidates reevaluated the predictive ability of the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. We identified 13 recipient factors, 4 donor factors and 2 operative factors (warm and cold ischemia) as significant predictors of recipient mortality following liver transplantation at 3 months. The Survival Outcomes Following Liver Transplant (SOFT) Score utilized 18 risk factors (excluding warm ischemia) to successfully predict 3-month recipient survival following liver transplantation. This analysis represents a study of waitlisted candidates and transplant recipients of liver allografts after the MELD score was implemented. Unlike MELD, the SOFT score can accurately predict 3-month survival following liver transplantation. The most significant risk factors were previous transplantation and life support pretransplant. The SOFT score can help clinicians determine in real time which candidates should be transplanted with which allografts. Combined with MELD, SOFT can better quantify survival benefit for individual transplant procedures.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Rana and coworkers developed the SOFT score that integrates recipient and donor characteristics to predict liver transplant 3-month prognosis.
“Similarly, Rana and coworkers used the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN)/Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) data to develop the Survival Outcome Following Liver Transplant (SOFT) score that integrates recipient and donor characteristics to predict liver transplant 3-month prognosis (13).”
From Artificial Intelligence: Present and Future Potential for Solid Organ Transplantation (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Hanley, J. A., & McNeil, B. J. (1982) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.143.1.7063747 · Cited by 21,856 · see citing works
A Model to Predict Survival in Patients With End–Stage Liver Disease
Kamath, P. S., Wiesner, R. H., Malinchoc, M., Kremers, W. K., Therneau, T. M., Kosberg, C. L., D’Amico, G., Dickson, R. E., & Kim, W. R. (2001) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/jhep.2001.22172 · Cited by 4,989 · see citing works
Malinchoc, M., Kamath, P. S., Gordon, F. D., Peine, C. J., Rank, J., & ter Borg, P. C. J. (2000) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/he.2000.5852 · Cited by 2,893 · see citing works
Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and allocation of donor livers
Wiesner, R. H., Edwards, E. B., Freeman, R. B., Harper, A., Kim, W. R., Kamath, P. S., Kremers, W. K., Lake, J. R., Howard, T. K., Merion, R. M., et al. (2003) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2003.50016 · Cited by 2,524 · see citing works
Characteristics Associated with Liver Graft Failure: The Concept of a Donor Risk Index
Feng, S., Goodrich, N. P., Bragg‐Gresham, J. L., Dykstra, D. M., Punch, J. D., DebRoy, M. A., Greenstein, S., & Merion, R. M. (2006) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01242.x · Cited by 1,959 · see citing works
The Survival Benefit of Liver Transplantation
Merion, R. M., Schaubel, D. E., Dykstra, D. M., Freeman, R. B., Port, F. K., & Wolfe, R. A. (2005) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2004.00703.x · Cited by 868 · see citing works
Results of the first year of the new liver allocation plan
Freeman, R. B., Wiesner, R. H., Edwards, E. B., Harper, A., Merion, R. M., & Wolfe, R. A. (2004) · Liver Transplantation · doi:10.1002/lt.20024 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Characteristics Associated with Liver Graft Failure: The Concept of a Donor Risk Index
Fenga, S. (2006) · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Desai, N. M., Mange, K. C., Crawford, M. D., Abt, P. L., Frank, A. M., Markmann, J. W., Velidedeoğlu, E., Chapman, W. C., & Markmann, J. F. (2004) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/01.tp.0000101009.91516.fc · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Brown, R., Kumar, S. K., Russo, M. W., et al. (2002) · Liver Transplantation · doi:10.1053/jlts.2002.31340 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Self-citationAnalytical Methods and Database Design: Implications for Transplant Researchers, 2005
Levine, G. N., McCullough, K. P., Rodgers, A. M., Dickinson, D. M., Ashby, V. B., & Schaubel, D. E. (2006) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01277.x · Cited by 101 · see citing works
SRTR Center-Specific Reporting Tools: Posttransplant Outcomes
Dickinson, D. M., Shearon, T. H., O’Keefe, J. H., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01275.x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Briceño, J., Cruz-Ramírez, M., Prieto, M., Navasa, M., Ortiz de Urbina, J., Orti, R., Gómez-Bravo, M.-Á., Otero, A., Varo, E., Tomé, S., et al. (2014) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2014.05.039 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Cruz-Ramírez, M., Hervás-Martínez, C., Fernández, J. C., Briceño, J., & de la Mata, M. (2013) · Artificial Intelligence in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2013.02.004 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Artificial Intelligence: Present and Future Potential for Solid Organ Transplantation
Peloso, A., Moeckli, B., Delaune, V., Oldani, G., Andres, A., & Compagnon, P. (2022) · Transplant International · doi:10.3389/ti.2022.10640 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rana, A., Hardy, M. A., Halazun, K. J., Woodland, D. C., Ratner, L. E., Samstein, B., Guarrera, J. V., Brown, R. S., & Emond, J. C.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rana, A.
- Venue
- American Journal of Transplantation
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2537-2546
- ISSN
- 1600-6135 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1979066818
- Cited by
- 459
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 11.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Transplantation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Health Resources and Services Administration
- U.S. Public Health Service (231-00-0115)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL07854-11, T32HL007854)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Keywords
- liver transplantation, post-transplant mortality, survival prediction, MELD score, waitlist mortality, risk factors, donor risk factors, recipient risk factors, cold ischemia, warm ischemia, transplant candidate selection
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Decision Support Techniques, Female, Humans, Liver Diseases, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Waiting Lists, Multivariate Analysis, Survival Analysis, Liver Transplantation, Treatment Outcome, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Endpoint Determination, Warm Ischemia, Kaplan-Meier Estimate
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
